We developed a facile infiltration route for synthesizing hollow-structured SnO₂ with an adjustable Ti doping content using SiO₂ microspheres as hard templates via an improved Stober method.

The conversion of CO₂ to valuable substances (methane, methanol, formic acid, etc.) by photocatalytic reduction has important significance for both the sustainable energy supply and clean environment technologies. This review systematically summarized recent progress in this field and pointed out the current challenges of photocatalytic CO₂ reduction while using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-based materials. Firstly, we described the unique advantages of MOFs based materials for photocatalytic reduction of CO₂ and its capacity to solve the existing problems. Subsequently, the latest research progress in photocatalytic CO₂ reduction has been documented in detail. The catalytic reaction process, conversion efficiency, as well as the product selectivity of photocatalytic CO₂ reduction while using MOFs based materials are thoroughly discussed. Specifically, in this review paper, we provide the catalytic mechanism of CO₂ reduction with the aid of electronic structure investigations. Finally, the future development trend and prospect of photocatalytic CO₂ reduction are anticipated.