W artykule zajmujemy się problemem możliwości administracyjnych jako jednego z głównych wymogów , które spełnić musiały kraje w procesie przyłączania się do Unii Europejskiej i decentralizacji sektora publicznego i finansów publicznych. Przedstawiamy wybrane problemy decentralizacji w dwóch krajach: Polsce i Rumunii. Celem artykułu jest przedyskutowanie teoretycznych i praktycznych elementów dotyczących możliwości administracyjnych jako bariery decentralizacji fiskalnej jak również porównanie ich z poziomem zaawansowania decentralizacji. Oba kraje różnią się bowiem zakresem i stopniem procesu decentralizacji Z analizy porównawczej procesów decentralizacji o różnym stopniu zaawansowania wynika, że możliwości administracyjne mogą być elementem hamującym decentralizację fiskalną w różnych aspektach omawianych procesów. W przypadku Polski barierą jest dalsza decentralizacja podatków gminnych o bardziej złożonej konstrukcji prawno-finansowej. W Rumunii głównym problemem pozostaje głębsza decentralizacja kompetencji oraz faktyczna niezależność finansowa samorządu terytorialnego. W istocie chodzi więc, w tym kraju, o faktyczną implementację zasady subsydiarności.

The global shift toward green technologies presents a dual challenge: surging demand for clean technology products and an increasing reliance on critical raw materials (CRMs). While the existing literature has largely concentrated on economic, geopolitical, or general governance perspectives, scant attention has been devoted to the legal, institutional, and justice dimensions of mineral resource governance. This article addresses this gap by examining the European Union’s evolving policy framework—particularly the Critical Raw Materials (CRM) Act—and its implications for Romania’s national regulatory landscape. Employing a mixed-method approach that combines a systematic literature review and a SWOT analysis, this study assesses Romania’s capacity to align its mineral governance with the EU’s objectives for supply security, environmental sustainability, and strategic autonomy. Its findings underscore the urgent need for Romania to streamline its regulatory frameworks, enhance institutional coherence, clarify property rights, and reform licensing and fiscal regimes to attract investment and ensure legal predictability. Advancing green mining technologies, recycling initiatives, and sustainability-focused innovations is also vital for aligning national practices with the EU’s environmental and economic goals. By foregrounding issues of transparency, good governance, and procedural justice, this article offers new insights into how national and supranational governance structures intersect in the context of the green transition. This study provides valuable recommendations for policymakers, industry actors, and scholars seeking to strengthen Romania’s position within the EU’s broader resource security and sustainable development strategies.

The proper management of exhaustible natural resources requires the responsible management of the revenues generated from the exploitation of these resources and addressing a broad set of political and economic challenges. This paper is intended to demonstrate that understanding the positive effects of natural resource revenues on economic diversification in extractive regions plays a significant role in economic development when considering the contribution of extractive industries. Using national and sectoral data, this paper, on the one hand, examines how mining revenues are managed and spent in relation to the Romanian tax structure and regime and, on the other hand, how the diversification of the local economy can be achieved. The case study presented herein X-rays the complex realities faced by those regions in Romania, where the predominant economic activity is the extractive industry. The results provided by this analysis led us to the conclusion that although the distribution systems related to the extractive revenues give precedence mostly to the producing territories and seek, in particular, to transfer the benefits to the impacted areas, in the case of Romania, we are witnessing a failure in determining local economic diversification.

Motivation: The contrast between positive law and natural law regarding the rationalization of public budget management is strongest at the local government level. Local government finances are governed by the budget law enacted by parliament. However, it is at the subnational level of government where the natural right to self-determination and making rational decisions in the interest of local communities is most apparent.Aim: This article evaluates and compares the scope and instruments of Polish and Romanian budget laws that enable the rationalization of managing subnational budgets from the perspective of positive law and natural law. The article is based on research using qualitative methods (a literature review and a critical examination of financial legislation in Poland and Romania) and a descriptive comparative analysis.Results: The research confirms the main thesis of the article that the pillar of budget management rationalization in Polish and Romanian local governments is a symbiosis of positive law with natural law, the underpinning and enhancement of which should be formal legislation.

The study intends to highlight the functions of property rights in relation to the characteristics of urbanism law. The analyse aims to identify the role of public authorities in the production process of planning public policies, under current regulations in force in Romania. Moreover, while the legislation led to confer a social function of property rights, this conception of property rights comes up against the revival of private property, which is likely to complicate the implementation of public planning policies. The social function of the property law, however, could reach its limits in the coming years. Indeed, the jurisprudence appears to give a boost to the individualistic dimension of ownership complicating the achievement of public planning policies.