Biofloc technology (BFT) is one of the most sustainable aquaculture system, which is based on the principle of nutrient recycling and addition of carbon to enable heterotrophic microorganisms to the system. To evaluate the performance of the biofloc culture system for Cyprinus carpio fingerlings, a 60‐day growth trial was conducted. The fingerlings (n = 600) of average body weight (4.92 g ± 0.14) were stocked in 12 circular fiberglass tanks (300 L, volume 10.59 cft) to form three biofloc treatments (T1, T2, and T3) along with one control group. The carbon sources for treatments were sugarcane molasses, tapioca, and wheat. The C/N ratio of 15 was maintained for all treatments. After 60 days of rearing, the fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila, and the relative percentage survival (RPS) was observed over 14 days. A haematological, nonspecific immune, and stress parameters were analyzed using blood and serum samples collected at intervals of 20, 40, and 60 days. According to the results, the carbon sources affected the water quality parameters but were still adequate for fish welfare. An increased biofloc volume was observed with tapioca. Growth performance and better feed conversion ratio were recorded in biofloc with the tapioca group. The hematological parameters, including haemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), white blood cells and lymphocytes were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in biofloc‐based tapioca group than in other treatments and control. Further, the serum protein, globulin, albumin, total immunoglobulin, and respiratory burst activity were also found significantly (P < 0.05) higher in biofloc with tapioca as carbon source. However, the lysozyme activity was higher in biofloc with the wheat group. The RPS in tapioca was significantly higher, followed by biofloc with wheat. In conclusion, the tapioca‐based biofloc can improve C. carpio growth, haematology, and nonspecific immune response under zero water exchange.

Background: Proteins are crucial communicators in cells, converging signaling pathways through smooth interactions and modification that regulate cellular activity and responsiveness.Objective: The current research was conducted to examine how proteins engage with each other through protein-protein interactions (PPIs) and post-translational modifications (PTMs) and how their disruption results in human diseases. Methodology: Qualitative and integrative review of the literature was conducted utilizing peer-reviewed articles from the years 2015–2024, focusing on structural biology, proteomics, and disease models to investigate protein signaling mechanisms. Results: The study identified that PTMs and PPIs like phosphorylation, ubiquitination, acetylation, and methylation play critical roles in ensuring signal fidelity; their deregulation is implicated in cancers, neurodegenerative, and autoimmune diseases. Conclusion: Understanding protein communication language at the molecular level offers valuable insights into mechanisms of disease and a new door toward targeted therapeutic investigation.

Buckwheat relates to the family of crops Polygonaceae which has the property of free of gluten. It is rich in health-promoting phytonutrients because of its high nutritional content and potential to improve health, buckwheat is being included in diets as a substitute crop. The Flour of Buckwheat helps with hypercholesterolemia, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes according to studies conducted on animal models. The grains and other tissues of buckwheat contain many nutraceutical substances. These are abundant in dietary fiber, antioxidants, proteins, carbohydrates, and trace elements. Buckwheat comprises different types of bioactive compounds like vitamins, minerals, proteins, polysaccharides, fatty acids, flavonoids (such as rutin), and dietary fiber. Because of these bioactive components, buckwheat has a high nutritional value. Numerous gluten-free buckwheat products (BGFPs) have been produced, such as beer, pasta, breads, noodles, and pastries. This review aims to explore the current knowledge about buckwheat, its nutritional constituents, and the impact of Buckwheat on the characteristics of products and its potent application of diabetic-free products and buckwheat flour with high nutritional value for preparing free gluten chapatti with high nutritional value to overcome the health-related diseases as well as to target celiac illness people about (1.4% of the world population)

Mulberry (Morus spp.), including M. alba, M. nigra and M. rubra, is a healthful and medicinal fruit that has been used for a long time in traditional medicine. Even though cherries are rich in antioxidants, anthocyanins, flavonoids and phenolic compounds, their limited usage in industry is caused by how quickly they spoil and because all processing methods are not standardized. In this review, we study what mulberry fruit and leaves are made of, how they benefit health and how they are extracted, putting special emphasis on bioactive compounds. Many techniques, enzyme-assisted, ultrasound-assisted, microwave-assisted and high-speed shear homogenization, have been investigated to see if they can boost bioactive compound yield and keep them stable. Moreover, the work focuses on microencapsulation and functional foods, showing how it can lead to better antioxidant absorption, better digestion and advantages for diabetes, heart disease, brain health and cancer. The results highlight the need for new processing technologies to make mulberry a reliable and useful source of nutrients in the nutraceutical and food fields.

Marine ecosystems and coastal populations provide a variety of bioactive compounds that hold great promise for environmentally friendly drug development. This review emphasizes the importance of combining ethnopharmacological knowledge with marine resources to identify new therapeutics. By focusing on traditional healing practices, marine biodiversity, and cutting-edge biotechnology, it examines sustainable methods for bioprospecting and the ethical sharing of benefits with local communities. The article discusses the challenges of reconciling conservation efforts with drug discovery, the scalability of compounds derived from marine sources, and the existing policy frameworks. By merging interdisciplinary research, synthetic biology, and AI-based bioinformatics, marine bioprospecting can foster innovation while maintaining biodiversity and honoring the cultural traditions of coastal communities.

Objective: The Objective of this study was to assess the relationship between Mental Health and tooth loss. The Research broke down the prevalence of tooth loss, the psychological wellness factors included, and the results of these relationships in a clinical setting. Methodology: A cross-sectional research design was used in this research. The sample involved 200 adults aged 18 to 65 years. Members were chosen utilizing purposive sampling. Data were gathered through organized overviews, semi-organized meetings, and case assessments. The research used the Beck Uneasiness Stock (1988), the Middle for Epidemiologic Investigations Depression Scale (CES-D, 1977), and the Mental Prosperity Scale (Ryff, 1989) to survey mental Health. Quantitative data Analysis was performed utilizing SPSS Software, while qualitative data were dissected utilizing topical investigation. Results: Free t-tests, relationships, and various relapse investigations were directed to test the hypothesis. Autonomous t-tests showed huge contrasts in the commonness and the board of tooth loss in light of mental health status (t = - 2.35, p = .02 for nervousness; t = - 2.88, p = .004 for gloom). Correlation analysis uncovered a huge negative connection between mental health and tooth loss (r = - 0.30, p < .01), and critical positive connections between uneasiness and tooth loss (r = 0.25, p < .01) and misery and tooth misfortune (r = 0.28, p < .01). Regression Analysis showed that both nervousness and depression were huge indicators of tooth loss (β = .210, t = 3.16, p = .002, R² = .044 for uneasiness; β = .237, t = 3.62, p < .001, R² = .056 for depression). Conclusion: The research planned to survey the relationship between Mental health and tooth loss. The discoveries uncovered that more elevated levels of uneasiness and misery are related to an expanded rate of tooth loss, and a negative connection between mental health and tooth loss. The research reasons that mental health variables, for example, tension and misery fundamentally anticipate tooth loss, featuring the significance of extensive mental health care in the administration and avoidance of dental health problems. Powerful administration of Mental health could prompt better dental health results and work on by and large prosperity.