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In this paper, the importance of the dolostone (a carbonate sedimentary rock where the dominant carbonate mineral is dolomite) in monuments and urban buildings of the city of Coimbra, Portugal, is highlighted. Old quarries are not visible in the nucleus of the city, due to the sequential occupation by houses, and can only be identified by documentation (draws, contract letters and purchase orders). However, on the southern side of Mondego River (Santa Clara) some outcrops can be observed and were exploited until the mid-20th. It is presented a list of the old quarries and monuments made with this rock. The characterization of dolostones from the Coimbra Formation is also presented. It is made the connection between the local geology and the “identity” of Coimbra, putting in evidence the stone as a symbol that characterize the gilded aspect of the buildings. For restoration and rehabilitation works, a small number of blocks could be extracted from the Carvalhais quarry if were eventually necessary.
Lidia Catarino; Roque Figueiredo; Fernando Figueiredo; Pedro Andrade; João Duarte. The Use of Dolostone in Historical Buildings of Coimbra (Central Portugal). Sustainability 2019, 11, 4158 .
AMA StyleLidia Catarino, Roque Figueiredo, Fernando Figueiredo, Pedro Andrade, João Duarte. The Use of Dolostone in Historical Buildings of Coimbra (Central Portugal). Sustainability. 2019; 11 (15):4158.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLidia Catarino; Roque Figueiredo; Fernando Figueiredo; Pedro Andrade; João Duarte. 2019. "The Use of Dolostone in Historical Buildings of Coimbra (Central Portugal)." Sustainability 11, no. 15: 4158.
A study of slope stability in the Benguela and Lobito areas, in Western Angola, was carried out. Seven slopes are studied. Three of the slopes are located at the urban area of Lobito, the other three are situated at Catumbela and one is located in the Caota’s area. The majority of the slopes are essentially composed of intercalations of limestone and marls belonging to the Quissonde Formation of the Cretaceous period. The methodology adopted in this work was useful to identify and characterize the different stability problems of the slopes. The Rockfall Hazard Rating System (RHRS), established by Pierson et al. (1990), was used to define the potential hazard for the roadways users. RHRS permits an analysis of the rockfall on roadways with relative low costs and can be applied in undeveloped countries, where the measurements devices are limited or scarce. Different types of slopes failures have occurred such as rockfalls, flows and landslides. The main causes of the slope movements are rainfall, slope geometric modification, rapid urbanization and roadway construction without the necessary geological and geotechnical characterization. The areas, of the studied slopes belong to dry tropical climate of arid and semi-arid characteristics, nevertheless torrential rainfall episodes can occur and initiate hazardous landslides. The majority of results of RHRS for the different slopes lie between 300 and 500. The results analysis allowed the adoption of mitigation and prevention measures.
Pedro Santarém Andrade; Cipriano Lialunga; Rufino Camela; David Muquepe. Slope Stability of Benguela and Lobito Urban Areas, Western Angola, Using RHRS. IAEG/AEG Annual Meeting Proceedings, San Francisco, California, 2018 - Volume 1 2018, 245 -249.
AMA StylePedro Santarém Andrade, Cipriano Lialunga, Rufino Camela, David Muquepe. Slope Stability of Benguela and Lobito Urban Areas, Western Angola, Using RHRS. IAEG/AEG Annual Meeting Proceedings, San Francisco, California, 2018 - Volume 1. 2018; ():245-249.
Chicago/Turabian StylePedro Santarém Andrade; Cipriano Lialunga; Rufino Camela; David Muquepe. 2018. "Slope Stability of Benguela and Lobito Urban Areas, Western Angola, Using RHRS." IAEG/AEG Annual Meeting Proceedings, San Francisco, California, 2018 - Volume 1 , no. : 245-249.
A study of the rock falls conditions of an area in the city of Lubango (Angola) was carried out. The upper parts of the studied slopes are constituted by whitish and grayish quartzites and pink, brown or reddish sandstone from the Chela Group of the Precambrian age. Debris deposits can be found at the toe of the slope. The slope movements are more frequent during the rainfall period, which run from October through April. A lithological and volumetric characterization of the rock fall blocks present on the study area was carried out. The software program Rocfall of the Rocscience packages was used to study the rock fall paths. The rocks location, mass and velocity as well as the properties of the slope material were defined and the rock falls trajectories were studied. The possible rock fall trajectories on the slope can cause significant damage to homes. According to the stability study, some mitigation and prevention procedures were suggested in order to allow human occupation of the Lubango’s urban area adjacent to the slopes.
Pedro Santarém Andrade; Gracinda Gonçalves; Mário Quinta-Ferreira. Rock Fall Analysis on the City of Lubango, SW Angola. Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 2 2015, 2027 -2030.
AMA StylePedro Santarém Andrade, Gracinda Gonçalves, Mário Quinta-Ferreira. Rock Fall Analysis on the City of Lubango, SW Angola. Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 2. 2015; ():2027-2030.
Chicago/Turabian StylePedro Santarém Andrade; Gracinda Gonçalves; Mário Quinta-Ferreira. 2015. "Rock Fall Analysis on the City of Lubango, SW Angola." Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 2 , no. : 2027-2030.
An analysis is presented of several cut slope failures which occurred in the Triassic “Grés de Silves”, in the area of Areeiro in Coimbra, Portugal. They developed along thin mudstone layers dipping at some 16° towards the face of the excavation. The failures mainly occurred after periods of intense rainfall, sometimes immediately after the excavation of the slope, and in some cases have continued for the 7 years since, even where the slope height was only a few metres. The conditions leading to the failures were investigated in the field and in the laboratory. It was concluded that the main factors inducing the slope failure are a conjugation of the geological structure and the reduction in the shear strength of the mudstones when they dilate following excavation. This dilation allows the ingress of water further reducing the shear strength of the mudstones. Une analyse de plusieurs ruptures de talus de déblais, dans les «Grès de Silves» triasiques, dans le quartier d’Areeiro à Coimbra au Portugal, est présentée. Les ruptures se sont développées le long de couches argileuses de faible épaisseur plongeant à environ 16° vers le talus. Les ruptures sont survenues principalement après des périodes de pluies intenses, parfois immédiatement après l’excavation du déblai. Dans certains cas elles se sont poursuivies durant les sept années suivantes, même lorsque la hauteur du talus n’était que de quelques mètres. Les conditions à l’origine de ces ruptures de talus ont été étudiées sur le terrain et en laboratoire. Il a été conclu que les principaux facteurs responsables de ces ruptures de talus se trouvaient dans la structure géologique et la diminution de la résistance au cisaillement des argiles quand elles se dilatent après excavation, des fissures s’ouvrant alors et favorisant les infiltrations d’eau.
Mário Quinta-Ferreira; Pedro Santarém Andrade; Luís Lemos; António Saraiva. Cut slopes failures on the Triassic beds in Coimbra, Portugal. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 2013, 72, 383 -396.
AMA StyleMário Quinta-Ferreira, Pedro Santarém Andrade, Luís Lemos, António Saraiva. Cut slopes failures on the Triassic beds in Coimbra, Portugal. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment. 2013; 72 (3-4):383-396.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMário Quinta-Ferreira; Pedro Santarém Andrade; Luís Lemos; António Saraiva. 2013. "Cut slopes failures on the Triassic beds in Coimbra, Portugal." Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 72, no. 3-4: 383-396.
A comparative evaluation of the in-place stiffness modulus using a van-integrated falling weight deflectometer (FWD) and the GeoGauge (soil stiffness gauge – SSG) was done on a limestone all-in-aggregate (AIA), used in the base course of a highway pavement. The tests were done in two campaigns, one for each unbound granular layer of 0.15 m thickness, along 510 m, using five alignments. Considering the whole granular materials used, the dry unit weight (γd) is related with the stiffness modulus obtained with the SSG. The stiffness moduli obtained for the SSG and for the FWD in the same test point are not correlated. Considering as reference the equivalent modulus obtained with the FWD, the moduli computed for the 85th percentile with both the FWD and the SSG show a difference lower than 20%. These results emphasise the possible use of the SSG as a reliable procedure for stiffness modulus evaluation of unbound limestone bases.
Mário Quinta-Ferreira; Eduardo Fung; Pedro Santarém Andrade; Fernando Castelo Branco. In-place evaluation of a limestone base course modulus, using a van-integrated falling weight deflectometer (FWD) and the GeoGauge (SSG). Road Materials and Pavement Design 2012, 13, 817 -831.
AMA StyleMário Quinta-Ferreira, Eduardo Fung, Pedro Santarém Andrade, Fernando Castelo Branco. In-place evaluation of a limestone base course modulus, using a van-integrated falling weight deflectometer (FWD) and the GeoGauge (SSG). Road Materials and Pavement Design. 2012; 13 (4):817-831.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMário Quinta-Ferreira; Eduardo Fung; Pedro Santarém Andrade; Fernando Castelo Branco. 2012. "In-place evaluation of a limestone base course modulus, using a van-integrated falling weight deflectometer (FWD) and the GeoGauge (SSG)." Road Materials and Pavement Design 13, no. 4: 817-831.
This work defines the physical and mechanical characteristics of phyllites and metagreywackes belonging to a schist–greywacke complex in central Portugal. The index properties, point load strength, uniaxial compressive strength, slake durability and Schmidt rebound hardness were determined. In general, the metagreywackes gave a higher strength than phyllites with the same weathering degree. Possible correlations and estimation models were established and compared with the equations obtained by different researchers.
Pedro Santarém Andrade; António Almeida Saraiva. Physical and mechanical characterization of phyllites and metagreywackes in central Portugal. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 2010, 69, 207 -214.
AMA StylePedro Santarém Andrade, António Almeida Saraiva. Physical and mechanical characterization of phyllites and metagreywackes in central Portugal. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment. 2010; 69 (2):207-214.
Chicago/Turabian StylePedro Santarém Andrade; António Almeida Saraiva. 2010. "Physical and mechanical characterization of phyllites and metagreywackes in central Portugal." Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 69, no. 2: 207-214.
The paper presents the results of different methods of determining the roughness of joints in quartzites, metagreywackes and phyllites obtained from road cuts in central Portugal. The evaluation of the joint roughness coefficient (JRC) was carried out using graphical and analytical procedures. Differences were found between the JRC graphic and the JRC calculated, depending on the method used. The JRC calculated values obtained by the tilt tests and the Schmidt rebound hammer tests were compared to the JRC calculated values established from the rock joint shear tests. It is concluded that if JRC is to be used, it is essential to specify how it was established.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10064-008-0151-
Pedro Santarém Andrade; António Almeida Saraiva. Estimating the joint roughness coefficient of discontinuities found in metamorphic rocks. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 2008, 67, 425 -434.
AMA StylePedro Santarém Andrade, António Almeida Saraiva. Estimating the joint roughness coefficient of discontinuities found in metamorphic rocks. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment. 2008; 67 (3):425-434.
Chicago/Turabian StylePedro Santarém Andrade; António Almeida Saraiva. 2008. "Estimating the joint roughness coefficient of discontinuities found in metamorphic rocks." Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 67, no. 3: 425-434.