Aim: This research investigated the perceptions of Saudi nursing students regarding self‐compassion and examined its influence on their caring behaviour and compassion competence.Design: This is a quantitative and cross‐sectional study.Methods: This multiuniversity study surveyed a convenience sample of 961 nursing using the Self‐compassion Scale, Compassion Competence Scale and Caring Behavior Inventory‐16 version. Standard multiple analysis was performed separately for caring behaviour and compassion competence as dependent variables. For both models, the self‐compassion dimensions and the demographic variables were considered predictor variables.Results: The students reported their self‐compassion moderately, with mindfulness receiving the highest mean and self‐judgment receiving the lowest mean. Significant differences were observed on self‐compassion of students between universities. Caring behaviour and compassion competence were also rated moderately by the students. “Self‐kindness” and “common humanity” were identified as significant predictors of caring behaviour, whereas “self‐kindness,” “self‐judgment,” “common humanity” and “mindfulness” were significant predictors of compassion competence.

This study aimed to assess the perceived work-related-stress of staff nurses and determine the relationship between work-related stress and demographic profile. This study used a descriptive cross-sectional design and was conducted in a secondary public hospital (staff nurses = 178, bed capacity = 225) in Riyadh, KSA. The hospital provides medical and surgical services that are important to achieve optimum quality patient care and services. In total, 178 staff nurses were interviewed, but 15 responses were excluded because of missing data (response rate: 92.52%). Nurses reported a moderately stressful work environment. Nationality was found to be a significant predictor of nurses' stress levels. Indian nurses had higher stress levels compared with nurses of other nationalities. Working hours per week was another significant predictor of stress. This study highlighted perceived work-related stress of staff nurses and determined the relationship between work-related stress and demographic profile. Most nurses were moderately stressed. Working hours were associated directly with stress level. The study findings can serve as a guide for establishing human resources policies aiming at reducing nurses' stress and, thereby, promoting improved health care and task force work performance.

Background: Various screening tools have been designed and developed to identify individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The current study aimed to assess the psychometric validation of the GAD-7 in Saudi university male students. Methods: Healthy university male students (n= 192) participated in this cross-sectional study. All the participants were informed about the study details. Participants were asked to complete the GAD-7, the Sleep Hygiene Index (SHI), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and demographic details. Results: In general, the range of the GAD total score was 0– 21. There was no issue of the ceiling or floor effects as only 12.5% of participants reported the minimum score of 0, and none of the participants reported the maximum score of 21. The internal consistency score of the GAD-7 was found to be good (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.83). The internal homogeneity between item scores was 0.22– 0.57 as indicated by the “Spearman correlation coefficient (r)”. The total scores and individual item scores of the GAD-7 were statistically associated with the PSS total score (correlation coefficient r = 0.21– 0.37), and scores of the 8th and 13th item of the SHI (correlation coefficient r = 0.17– 0.26, and 0.21– 0.40, respectively). The exploratory factor and confirmatory factor loadings of the GAD-7 items were ranged from 0.60 to 0.81 and 0.51 to 0.80, respectively. Conclusion: This study supported the use of the GAD-7 to assess the anxiety level among Saudi university students.

Daytime sleepiness is highly prevalent across the globe. The Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) is the most widely used tool for screening daytime sleepiness. The psychometric properties of the ESS have not been comprehensively examined in African populations. A cross-sectional design with simple random sampling was used in the present study. The study recruited 600 students from Mizan-Tepi University, Ethiopia, of which 329 (age = 18–28 years and body mass index = 21.19 ± 3.17 kg/m2) completed the study. ESS, a semi-structured socio-demographics questionnaire and a clinical interview to diagnose insomnia according to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders were employed. All except one item of the ESS showed a floor effect, while only one item score showed ceiling effect. However, no ceiling/floor effect was observed in the ESS total score. The Cronbach’s alpha (0.75) and composite reliability (0.75), indicated good internal consistency, while a moderate item-total score correlation (r = 0.55–0.67) implied favorable internal homogeneity. The known-group validity was established by significantly higher scores for all the ESS item scores and the ESS total scores among those with symptoms of insomnia than among non-symptomatic students. Fit indices along with the consideration of inter-factor correlation coefficient, measures of item retention favored the unidimensional structure of the ESS. The ESS has excellent psychometric validity for screening daytime sleepiness in Ethiopian university students.