Objective: There is a clinical need to better characterize tissue-sources being used for stem cell therapies. This study focuses on comparison of cells and connective tissue progenitors (CTPs) derived from native human infrapatellar fatpad (IPFP), synovium (SYN), and periosteum (PERI). Design: IPFP, SYN, PERI were harvested from twenty-eight patients undergoing arthroplasty. CTPs were quantitatively characterized using automated colony-forming-unit assay to compare total nucleated cell concentration–[Cell], cells/mg; prevalence-(P_CTP), CTPs/million nucleated cells; CTP concentration–[CTP], CTPs/mg; proliferation and differentiation potential; and correlate outcomes with patient’s age and gender. Results: [Cell] did not differ between IPFP, SYN and PERI. P_CTP was influenced by age and gender: patients >60years, IPFP and SYN had higher P_CTP than PERI (p<0.001) and females had higher P_CTP in IPFP (p<0.001) and SYN (p=0.001) than PERI. [CTP] was influenced by age: patients <50years, SYN (p=0.0165) and PERI (p<0.001) had higher [CTP] than IPFP; patients between 60-69years, SYN (p70years, IPFP (p=0.006) had higher [CTP] than PERI. In patients >60years, proliferation potential of CTPs differed significantly (SYN>IPFP>PERI), however differentiation potentials were comparable between all three tissue sources. Conclusion: SYN and IPFP may serve as a preferred tissue source for patients >60years, and PERI along with SYN and IPFP may serve as a preferred tissue source for patients <60years for cartilage repair. However, the heterogeneity among the CTPs in any given tissue source suggests performance-based selection might be useful to optimize cell-sourcing strategies to improve efficacy of cellular therapies for cartilage repair.