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Remko Christiaan Nijzink; Jason Beringer; Lindsay Beaumont Hutley; Stanislaus Josef Schymanski. Supplementary material to "Step-wise modifications of the Vegetation Optimality Model". 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleRemko Christiaan Nijzink, Jason Beringer, Lindsay Beaumont Hutley, Stanislaus Josef Schymanski. Supplementary material to "Step-wise modifications of the Vegetation Optimality Model". . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRemko Christiaan Nijzink; Jason Beringer; Lindsay Beaumont Hutley; Stanislaus Josef Schymanski. 2021. "Supplementary material to "Step-wise modifications of the Vegetation Optimality Model"." , no. : 1.
The Vegetation Optimality Model (VOM, Schymanski et al., 2009, 2015) is an optimality-based, coupled water-vegetation model that predicts vegetation properties and behaviour based on optimality theory, rather than calibrating vegetation properties or prescribing them based on observations, as most conventional models do. In order to determine wheter optimality theory can alleviate common shortcomings of conventional models, as identified in a previous model inter-comparison study along the North Australian Tropical Transect (NATT) (Whitley et al., 2016), a range of updates to previous applications of the VOM have been made for increased generality and improved comparability with conventional models. To assess in how far the updates to the model and input data would have affected the original results, we implemented them one-by-one while reproducing the analysis of Schymanski et al. (2015). The model updates included extended input data, the use of variable atmospheric CO2-levels, modified soil properties, implementation of free drainage conditions, and the addition of grass rooting depths to the optimized vegetation properties. A systematic assessment of these changes was carried out by adding each individual modification to the original version of the VOM at the flux tower site of Howard Springs, Australia. The analysis revealed that the implemented changes affected the simulation of mean annual evapo-transpiration (ET) and gross primary productivity (GPP) by no more than 20 %, with the largest effects caused by the newly imposed free drainage conditions and modified soil texture. Free drainage conditions led to an underestimation of ET and GPP, whereas more fine-grained soil textures increased the water storage in the soil and resulted in increased GPP. Although part of the effect of free drainage was compensated for by the updated soil texture, when combining all changes, the resulting effect on the simulated fluxes was still dominated by the effect of implementing free drainage conditions. Eventually, the relative error for the mean annual ET, in comparison with flux tower observations, changed from an 8.4 % overestimation to an 10.2 % underestimation, whereas the relative errors for the mean annual GPP stayed similar with a change from 17.8 % to 14.7 %. The sensitivity to free drainage conditions suggests that a realistic representation of groundwater dynamics is very important for predicting ET and GPP at a tropical open-forest savanna site as investigated here. The modest changes in model outputs highlighted the robustness of the optimization approach that is central to the VOM architecture.
Remko Christiaan Nijzink; Jason Beringer; Lindsay Beaumont Hutley; Stanislaus Josef Schymanski. Step-wise modifications of the Vegetation Optimality Model. 2021, 2021, 1 -22.
AMA StyleRemko Christiaan Nijzink, Jason Beringer, Lindsay Beaumont Hutley, Stanislaus Josef Schymanski. Step-wise modifications of the Vegetation Optimality Model. . 2021; 2021 ():1-22.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRemko Christiaan Nijzink; Jason Beringer; Lindsay Beaumont Hutley; Stanislaus Josef Schymanski. 2021. "Step-wise modifications of the Vegetation Optimality Model." 2021, no. : 1-22.
Remko Christiaan Nijzink; Jason Beringer; Lindsay Beaumont Hutley; Stanislaus Josef Schymanski. Supplementary material to "Does maximization of net carbon profit enable the prediction of vegetation behaviour in savanna sites along a precipitation gradient?". 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleRemko Christiaan Nijzink, Jason Beringer, Lindsay Beaumont Hutley, Stanislaus Josef Schymanski. Supplementary material to "Does maximization of net carbon profit enable the prediction of vegetation behaviour in savanna sites along a precipitation gradient?". . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRemko Christiaan Nijzink; Jason Beringer; Lindsay Beaumont Hutley; Stanislaus Josef Schymanski. 2021. "Supplementary material to "Does maximization of net carbon profit enable the prediction of vegetation behaviour in savanna sites along a precipitation gradient?"." , no. : 1.
Most terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) rely on more or less detailed information about the properties of the local vegetation. In contrast, optimality-based models require much less information about the local vegetation as they are designed to predict vegetation properties based on general principles related to natural selection and physiological limits. Although such models are not expected to reproduce current vegetation behaviour as closely as models that use local information, they promise to predict the behaviour of natural vegetation under future conditions, including the effects of physiological plasticity and shifts of species composition, which are difficult to capture by extrapolation of past observations. A previous model intercomparison using conventional terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) revealed a range of deficiencies in reproducing water and carbon fluxes for savanna sites along a strong precipitation gradient of the North Australian Tropical Transect (Whitley et al., 2016). Here we examine the ability of an optimality-based model (the Vegetation Optimality Model, VOM) predict vegetation behaviour for the same savanna sites. The VOM optimizes key vegetation properties such as foliage cover, rooting depth and water use parameters in order to maximize the Net Carbon Profit (NCP), defined here as the difference between total carbon taken up by photosynthesis minus the carbon invested in construction and maintenance of plant organs. Despite a reduced need for input data, the VOM performed similarly or better than the conventional TBMs in terms of reproducing the seasonal amplitude and mean annual fluxes recorded by flux towers at the different sites. It had a relative error of 0.08 for the seasonal amplitude in ET, and was among the best three models tested with the smallest relative error in the seasonal amplitude of gross primary productivity (GPP). Nevertheless, the VOM displayed some persistent deviations from observations, especially for GPP, namely an underestimation of dry season evapo-transpiration at the wettest site, suggesting that the hydrological assumptions (free drainage) have a strong influence on the results. Furthermore, our study exposes a persistent overprediction of vegetation cover and carbon uptake during the wet seasons by the VOM. Our analysis revealed several areas for improvement in the VOM, including a better representation of the hydrological settings, as well as the costs and benefits related to plant water transport and light capture by the canopy. The results of this study imply that vegetation optimality is a promising approach to explain vegetation dynamics and the resulting fluxes. It provides a way to derive vegetation properties independently from observations, and allows for a more insightful evaluation of model shortcomings as no calibration or site-specific information is required.
Remko Christiaan Nijzink; Jason Beringer; Lindsay Beaumont Hutley; Stanislaus Josef Schymanski. Does maximization of net carbon profit enable the prediction of vegetation behaviour in savanna sites along a precipitation gradient? 2021, 2021, 1 -35.
AMA StyleRemko Christiaan Nijzink, Jason Beringer, Lindsay Beaumont Hutley, Stanislaus Josef Schymanski. Does maximization of net carbon profit enable the prediction of vegetation behaviour in savanna sites along a precipitation gradient? . 2021; 2021 ():1-35.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRemko Christiaan Nijzink; Jason Beringer; Lindsay Beaumont Hutley; Stanislaus Josef Schymanski. 2021. "Does maximization of net carbon profit enable the prediction of vegetation behaviour in savanna sites along a precipitation gradient?" 2021, no. : 1-35.
Globally, forests are facing an increasing risk of mass tree mortality events associated with extreme droughts and higher temperatures. Hydraulic dysfunction is considered a key mechanism of drought triggered dieback. By leveraging the climate breadth of the Australian landscape and a national network of research sites (Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network), we conducted a continental‐scale study of physiology and hydraulic traits of 33 native tree species from contrasting environments to disentangle the complexities of plant response to drought across communities. We found strong relationships between key plant hydraulic traits and site aridity. Leaf turgor loss point and xylem embolism resistance were correlated with minimum water potential experienced by each species. Across the dataset, there was a strong coordination between hydraulic traits, including those linked to hydraulic safety, stomatal regulation, and the cost of caron investment into woody tissue. These results illustrate that aridity has acted as a strong selective pressure, shaping hydraulic traits of tree species across the Australian landscape. Hydraulic safety margins were constrained across sites, with species from wetter sites tending to have smaller safety margin compared with species at driest sites, suggesting trees are operating close to their hydraulic thresholds and forest biomes across the spectrum may be susceptible to shifts in climate that result in the intensification of drought.
Jennifer M. R. Peters; Rosana López; Markus Nolf; Lindsay B. Hutley; Tim Wardlaw; Lucas A. Cernusak; Brendan Choat. Living on the edge: A continental‐scale assessment of forest vulnerability to drought. Global Change Biology 2021, 27, 3620 -3641.
AMA StyleJennifer M. R. Peters, Rosana López, Markus Nolf, Lindsay B. Hutley, Tim Wardlaw, Lucas A. Cernusak, Brendan Choat. Living on the edge: A continental‐scale assessment of forest vulnerability to drought. Global Change Biology. 2021; 27 (15):3620-3641.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJennifer M. R. Peters; Rosana López; Markus Nolf; Lindsay B. Hutley; Tim Wardlaw; Lucas A. Cernusak; Brendan Choat. 2021. "Living on the edge: A continental‐scale assessment of forest vulnerability to drought." Global Change Biology 27, no. 15: 3620-3641.
Blue carbon ecosystems, including mangroves, saltmarshes and seagrasses, mitigate climate change by storing atmospheric carbon. Previous blue carbon research has focused on organic carbon stocks. However, recent studies suggest that lateral inorganic carbon export might be equally important. Lateral export is a long‐term carbon sink if carbon is exported as alkalinity (TAlk) produced via sulfate reduction coupled to pyrite formation. This study evaluates drivers of pyrite formation in blue carbon ecosystems, compares pyrite production to TAlk outwelling rates, and estimates global pyrite stocks in mangroves. We quantified pyrite stocks in mangroves, saltmarshes and seagrasses along a latitudinal gradient on the Australian East Coast, including a mangrove dieback area, and in the Everglades (Florida, USA). Our results indicate that pyrite stocks were driven by a combination of biomass, tidal amplitude, sediment organic carbon, sediment accumulation rates, rainfall, latitude, temperature, and iron availability. Pyrite stocks were three‐times higher in mangroves (103 ± 61 Mg/ha) than in saltmarshes (30 ± 30 Mg/ha) and seagrasses (32 ± 1 Mg/ha). Mangrove pyrite stocks were linearly correlated to TAlk export at sites where sulfate reduction was the dominant TAlk producing process. However, pyrite generation could not explain all TAlk outwelling. We present the first global model estimating pyrite stocks in mangroves, giving a first‐order estimate of 197 Mg/ha (RMSE = 24 Mg/ha). In mangroves, estimated global TAlk production coupled to pyrite formation (∼3 mol/m2/y) is equal to ∼24% of their global carbon burial rate, highlighting the importance of including TAlk export in future blue carbon budgets.
Gloria M. S. Reithmaier; Scott G. Johnston; Tobias Junginger; Madeline M. Goddard; Christian J. Sanders; Lindsay B. Hutley; David T. Ho; Damien T. Maher. Alkalinity Production Coupled to Pyrite Formation Represents an Unaccounted Blue Carbon Sink. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 2021, 35, 1 .
AMA StyleGloria M. S. Reithmaier, Scott G. Johnston, Tobias Junginger, Madeline M. Goddard, Christian J. Sanders, Lindsay B. Hutley, David T. Ho, Damien T. Maher. Alkalinity Production Coupled to Pyrite Formation Represents an Unaccounted Blue Carbon Sink. Global Biogeochemical Cycles. 2021; 35 (4):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGloria M. S. Reithmaier; Scott G. Johnston; Tobias Junginger; Madeline M. Goddard; Christian J. Sanders; Lindsay B. Hutley; David T. Ho; Damien T. Maher. 2021. "Alkalinity Production Coupled to Pyrite Formation Represents an Unaccounted Blue Carbon Sink." Global Biogeochemical Cycles 35, no. 4: 1.
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-021-00851-9.
Gilberto Pastorello; Carlo Trotta; Eleonora Canfora; Housen Chu; Danielle Christianson; You-Wei Cheah; Cristina Poindexter; Jiquan Chen; Abdelrahman Elbashandy; Marty Humphrey; Peter Isaac; Diego Polidori; Markus Reichstein; Alessio Ribeca; Catharine van Ingen; Nicolas Vuichard; Leiming Zhang; Brian Amiro; Christof Ammann; M. Altaf Arain; Jonas Ardö; Timothy Arkebauer; Stefan K. Arndt; Nicola Arriga; Marc Aubinet; Mika Aurela; Dennis Baldocchi; Alan Barr; Eric Beamesderfer; Luca Belelli Marchesini; Onil Bergeron; Jason Beringer; Christian Bernhofer; Daniel Berveiller; Dave Billesbach; Thomas Andrew Black; Peter D. Blanken; Gil Bohrer; Julia Boike; Paul V. Bolstad; Damien Bonal; Jean-Marc Bonnefond; David R. Bowling; Rosvel Bracho; Jason Brodeur; Christian Brümmer; Nina Buchmann; Benoit Burban; Sean P. Burns; Pauline Buysse; Peter Cale; Mauro Cavagna; Pierre Cellier; Shiping Chen; Isaac Chini; Torben R. Christensen; James Cleverly; Alessio Collalti; Claudia Consalvo; Bruce D. Cook; David Cook; Carole Coursolle; Edoardo Cremonese; Peter S. Curtis; Ettore D’Andrea; Humberto da Rocha; Xiaoqin Dai; Kenneth J. Davis; Bruno De Cinti; Agnes de Grandcourt; Anne De Ligne; Raimundo C. De Oliveira; Nicolas Delpierre; Ankur R. Desai; Carlos Marcelo Di Bella; Paul di Tommasi; Han Dolman; Francisco Domingo; Gang Dong; Sabina Dore; Pierpaolo Duce; Eric Dufrêne; Allison Dunn; Jiří Dušek; Derek Eamus; Uwe Eichelmann; Hatim Abdalla M. ElKhidir; Werner Eugster; Cacilia M. Ewenz; Brent Ewers; Daniela Famulari; Silvano Fares; Iris Feigenwinter; Andrew Feitz; Rasmus Fensholt; Gianluca Filippa; Marc Fischer; John Frank; Marta Galvagno; Mana Gharun; Damiano Gianelle; Bert Gielen; Beniamino Gioli; Anatoly Gitelson; Ignacio Goded; Mathias Goeckede; Allen H. Goldstein; Christopher M. Gough; Michael L. Goulden; Alexander Graf; Anne Griebel; Carsten Gruening; Thomas Grünwald; Albin Hammerle; Shijie Han; Xingguo Han; Birger Ulf Hansen; Chad Hanson; Juha Hatakka; Yongtao He; Markus Hehn; Bernard Heinesch; Nina Hinko-Najera; Lukas Hörtnagl; Lindsay Hutley; Andreas Ibrom; Hiroki Ikawa; Marcin Jackowicz-Korczynski; Dalibor Janouš; Wilma Jans; Rachhpal Jassal; Shicheng Jiang; Tomomichi Kato; Myroslava Khomik; Janina Klatt; Alexander Knohl; Sara Knox; Hideki Kobayashi; Georgia Koerber; Olaf Kolle; Yoshiko Kosugi; Ayumi Kotani; Andrew Kowalski; Bart Kruijt; Julia Kurbatova; Werner L. Kutsch; Hyojung Kwon; Samuli Launiainen; Tuomas Laurila; Bev Law; Ray Leuning; Yingnian Li; Michael Liddell; Jean-Marc Limousin; Marryanna Lion; Adam J. Liska; Annalea Lohila; Ana López-Ballesteros; Efrén López-Blanco; Benjamin Loubet; Denis Loustau; Antje Lucas-Moffat; Johannes Lüers; Siyan Ma; Craig Macfarlane; Vincenzo Magliulo; Regine Maier; Ivan Mammarella; Giovanni Manca; Barbara Marcolla; Hank A. Margolis; Serena Marras; William Massman; Mikhail Mastepanov; Roser Matamala; Jaclyn Hatala Matthes; Francesco Mazzenga; Harry McCaughey; Ian McHugh; Andrew M. S. McMillan; Lutz Merbold; Wayne Meyer; Tilden Meyers; Scott D. Miller; Stefano Minerbi; Uta Moderow; Russell K. Monson; Leonardo Montagnani; Caitlin E. Moore; Eddy Moors; Virginie Moreaux; Christine Moureaux; J. William Munger; Taro Nakai; Johan Neirynck; Zoran Nesic; Giacomo Nicolini; Asko Noormets; Matthew Northwood; Marcelo Nosetto; Yann Nouvellon; Kimberly Novick; Walter Oechel; Jørgen Eivind Olesen; Jean-Marc Ourcival; Shirley A. Papuga; Frans-Jan Parmentier; Eugenie Paul-Limoges; Marian Pavelka; Matthias Peichl; Elise Pendall; Richard P. Phillips; Kim Pilegaard; Norbert Pirk; Gabriela Posse; Thomas Powell; Heiko Prasse; Suzanne M. Prober; Serge Rambal; Üllar Rannik; Naama Raz-Yaseef; Corinna Rebmann; David Reed; Victor Resco de Dios; Natalia Restrepo-Coupe; Borja R. Reverter; Marilyn Roland; Simone Sabbatini; Torsten Sachs; Scott R. Saleska; Enrique P. Sánchez-Cañete; Zulia M. Sanchez-Mejia; Hans Peter Schmid; Marius Schmidt; Karl Schneider; Frederik Schrader; Ivan Schroder; Russell L. Scott; Pavel Sedlák; Penélope Serrano-Ortíz; Changliang Shao; Peili Shi; Ivan Shironya; Lukas Siebicke; Ladislav Šigut; Richard Silberstein; Costantino Sirca; Donatella Spano; Rainer Steinbrecher; Robert M. Stevens; Cove Sturtevant; Andy Suyker; Torbern Tagesson; Satoru Takanashi; Yanhong Tang; Nigel Tapper; Jonathan Thom; Michele Tomassucci; Juha-Pekka Tuovinen; Shawn Urbanski; Riccardo Valentini; Michiel van der Molen; Eva van Gorsel; Ko van Huissteden; Andrej Varlagin; Joseph Verfaillie; Timo Vesala; Caroline Vincke; Domenico Vitale; Natalia Vygodskaya; Jeffrey P. Walker; Elizabeth Walter-Shea; Huimin Wang; Robin Weber; Sebastian Westermann; Christian Wille; Steven Wofsy; Georg Wohlfahrt; Sebastian Wolf; William Woodgate; Yuelin Li; Roberto Zampedri; Junhui Zhang; GuoYi Zhou; Donatella Zona; Deb Agarwal; Sebastien Biraud; Margaret Torn; Dario Papale. Author Correction: The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data. Scientific Data 2021, 8, 1 -2.
AMA StyleGilberto Pastorello, Carlo Trotta, Eleonora Canfora, Housen Chu, Danielle Christianson, You-Wei Cheah, Cristina Poindexter, Jiquan Chen, Abdelrahman Elbashandy, Marty Humphrey, Peter Isaac, Diego Polidori, Markus Reichstein, Alessio Ribeca, Catharine van Ingen, Nicolas Vuichard, Leiming Zhang, Brian Amiro, Christof Ammann, M. Altaf Arain, Jonas Ardö, Timothy Arkebauer, Stefan K. Arndt, Nicola Arriga, Marc Aubinet, Mika Aurela, Dennis Baldocchi, Alan Barr, Eric Beamesderfer, Luca Belelli Marchesini, Onil Bergeron, Jason Beringer, Christian Bernhofer, Daniel Berveiller, Dave Billesbach, Thomas Andrew Black, Peter D. Blanken, Gil Bohrer, Julia Boike, Paul V. Bolstad, Damien Bonal, Jean-Marc Bonnefond, David R. Bowling, Rosvel Bracho, Jason Brodeur, Christian Brümmer, Nina Buchmann, Benoit Burban, Sean P. Burns, Pauline Buysse, Peter Cale, Mauro Cavagna, Pierre Cellier, Shiping Chen, Isaac Chini, Torben R. Christensen, James Cleverly, Alessio Collalti, Claudia Consalvo, Bruce D. Cook, David Cook, Carole Coursolle, Edoardo Cremonese, Peter S. Curtis, Ettore D’Andrea, Humberto da Rocha, Xiaoqin Dai, Kenneth J. Davis, Bruno De Cinti, Agnes de Grandcourt, Anne De Ligne, Raimundo C. De Oliveira, Nicolas Delpierre, Ankur R. Desai, Carlos Marcelo Di Bella, Paul di Tommasi, Han Dolman, Francisco Domingo, Gang Dong, Sabina Dore, Pierpaolo Duce, Eric Dufrêne, Allison Dunn, Jiří Dušek, Derek Eamus, Uwe Eichelmann, Hatim Abdalla M. ElKhidir, Werner Eugster, Cacilia M. Ewenz, Brent Ewers, Daniela Famulari, Silvano Fares, Iris Feigenwinter, Andrew Feitz, Rasmus Fensholt, Gianluca Filippa, Marc Fischer, John Frank, Marta Galvagno, Mana Gharun, Damiano Gianelle, Bert Gielen, Beniamino Gioli, Anatoly Gitelson, Ignacio Goded, Mathias Goeckede, Allen H. Goldstein, Christopher M. Gough, Michael L. Goulden, Alexander Graf, Anne Griebel, Carsten Gruening, Thomas Grünwald, Albin Hammerle, Shijie Han, Xingguo Han, Birger Ulf Hansen, Chad Hanson, Juha Hatakka, Yongtao He, Markus Hehn, Bernard Heinesch, Nina Hinko-Najera, Lukas Hörtnagl, Lindsay Hutley, Andreas Ibrom, Hiroki Ikawa, Marcin Jackowicz-Korczynski, Dalibor Janouš, Wilma Jans, Rachhpal Jassal, Shicheng Jiang, Tomomichi Kato, Myroslava Khomik, Janina Klatt, Alexander Knohl, Sara Knox, Hideki Kobayashi, Georgia Koerber, Olaf Kolle, Yoshiko Kosugi, Ayumi Kotani, Andrew Kowalski, Bart Kruijt, Julia Kurbatova, Werner L. Kutsch, Hyojung Kwon, Samuli Launiainen, Tuomas Laurila, Bev Law, Ray Leuning, Yingnian Li, Michael Liddell, Jean-Marc Limousin, Marryanna Lion, Adam J. Liska, Annalea Lohila, Ana López-Ballesteros, Efrén López-Blanco, Benjamin Loubet, Denis Loustau, Antje Lucas-Moffat, Johannes Lüers, Siyan Ma, Craig Macfarlane, Vincenzo Magliulo, Regine Maier, Ivan Mammarella, Giovanni Manca, Barbara Marcolla, Hank A. Margolis, Serena Marras, William Massman, Mikhail Mastepanov, Roser Matamala, Jaclyn Hatala Matthes, Francesco Mazzenga, Harry McCaughey, Ian McHugh, Andrew M. S. McMillan, Lutz Merbold, Wayne Meyer, Tilden Meyers, Scott D. Miller, Stefano Minerbi, Uta Moderow, Russell K. Monson, Leonardo Montagnani, Caitlin E. Moore, Eddy Moors, Virginie Moreaux, Christine Moureaux, J. William Munger, Taro Nakai, Johan Neirynck, Zoran Nesic, Giacomo Nicolini, Asko Noormets, Matthew Northwood, Marcelo Nosetto, Yann Nouvellon, Kimberly Novick, Walter Oechel, Jørgen Eivind Olesen, Jean-Marc Ourcival, Shirley A. Papuga, Frans-Jan Parmentier, Eugenie Paul-Limoges, Marian Pavelka, Matthias Peichl, Elise Pendall, Richard P. Phillips, Kim Pilegaard, Norbert Pirk, Gabriela Posse, Thomas Powell, Heiko Prasse, Suzanne M. Prober, Serge Rambal, Üllar Rannik, Naama Raz-Yaseef, Corinna Rebmann, David Reed, Victor Resco de Dios, Natalia Restrepo-Coupe, Borja R. Reverter, Marilyn Roland, Simone Sabbatini, Torsten Sachs, Scott R. Saleska, Enrique P. Sánchez-Cañete, Zulia M. Sanchez-Mejia, Hans Peter Schmid, Marius Schmidt, Karl Schneider, Frederik Schrader, Ivan Schroder, Russell L. Scott, Pavel Sedlák, Penélope Serrano-Ortíz, Changliang Shao, Peili Shi, Ivan Shironya, Lukas Siebicke, Ladislav Šigut, Richard Silberstein, Costantino Sirca, Donatella Spano, Rainer Steinbrecher, Robert M. Stevens, Cove Sturtevant, Andy Suyker, Torbern Tagesson, Satoru Takanashi, Yanhong Tang, Nigel Tapper, Jonathan Thom, Michele Tomassucci, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen, Shawn Urbanski, Riccardo Valentini, Michiel van der Molen, Eva van Gorsel, Ko van Huissteden, Andrej Varlagin, Joseph Verfaillie, Timo Vesala, Caroline Vincke, Domenico Vitale, Natalia Vygodskaya, Jeffrey P. Walker, Elizabeth Walter-Shea, Huimin Wang, Robin Weber, Sebastian Westermann, Christian Wille, Steven Wofsy, Georg Wohlfahrt, Sebastian Wolf, William Woodgate, Yuelin Li, Roberto Zampedri, Junhui Zhang, GuoYi Zhou, Donatella Zona, Deb Agarwal, Sebastien Biraud, Margaret Torn, Dario Papale. Author Correction: The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data. Scientific Data. 2021; 8 (1):1-2.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGilberto Pastorello; Carlo Trotta; Eleonora Canfora; Housen Chu; Danielle Christianson; You-Wei Cheah; Cristina Poindexter; Jiquan Chen; Abdelrahman Elbashandy; Marty Humphrey; Peter Isaac; Diego Polidori; Markus Reichstein; Alessio Ribeca; Catharine van Ingen; Nicolas Vuichard; Leiming Zhang; Brian Amiro; Christof Ammann; M. Altaf Arain; Jonas Ardö; Timothy Arkebauer; Stefan K. Arndt; Nicola Arriga; Marc Aubinet; Mika Aurela; Dennis Baldocchi; Alan Barr; Eric Beamesderfer; Luca Belelli Marchesini; Onil Bergeron; Jason Beringer; Christian Bernhofer; Daniel Berveiller; Dave Billesbach; Thomas Andrew Black; Peter D. Blanken; Gil Bohrer; Julia Boike; Paul V. Bolstad; Damien Bonal; Jean-Marc Bonnefond; David R. Bowling; Rosvel Bracho; Jason Brodeur; Christian Brümmer; Nina Buchmann; Benoit Burban; Sean P. Burns; Pauline Buysse; Peter Cale; Mauro Cavagna; Pierre Cellier; Shiping Chen; Isaac Chini; Torben R. Christensen; James Cleverly; Alessio Collalti; Claudia Consalvo; Bruce D. Cook; David Cook; Carole Coursolle; Edoardo Cremonese; Peter S. Curtis; Ettore D’Andrea; Humberto da Rocha; Xiaoqin Dai; Kenneth J. Davis; Bruno De Cinti; Agnes de Grandcourt; Anne De Ligne; Raimundo C. De Oliveira; Nicolas Delpierre; Ankur R. Desai; Carlos Marcelo Di Bella; Paul di Tommasi; Han Dolman; Francisco Domingo; Gang Dong; Sabina Dore; Pierpaolo Duce; Eric Dufrêne; Allison Dunn; Jiří Dušek; Derek Eamus; Uwe Eichelmann; Hatim Abdalla M. ElKhidir; Werner Eugster; Cacilia M. Ewenz; Brent Ewers; Daniela Famulari; Silvano Fares; Iris Feigenwinter; Andrew Feitz; Rasmus Fensholt; Gianluca Filippa; Marc Fischer; John Frank; Marta Galvagno; Mana Gharun; Damiano Gianelle; Bert Gielen; Beniamino Gioli; Anatoly Gitelson; Ignacio Goded; Mathias Goeckede; Allen H. Goldstein; Christopher M. Gough; Michael L. Goulden; Alexander Graf; Anne Griebel; Carsten Gruening; Thomas Grünwald; Albin Hammerle; Shijie Han; Xingguo Han; Birger Ulf Hansen; Chad Hanson; Juha Hatakka; Yongtao He; Markus Hehn; Bernard Heinesch; Nina Hinko-Najera; Lukas Hörtnagl; Lindsay Hutley; Andreas Ibrom; Hiroki Ikawa; Marcin Jackowicz-Korczynski; Dalibor Janouš; Wilma Jans; Rachhpal Jassal; Shicheng Jiang; Tomomichi Kato; Myroslava Khomik; Janina Klatt; Alexander Knohl; Sara Knox; Hideki Kobayashi; Georgia Koerber; Olaf Kolle; Yoshiko Kosugi; Ayumi Kotani; Andrew Kowalski; Bart Kruijt; Julia Kurbatova; Werner L. Kutsch; Hyojung Kwon; Samuli Launiainen; Tuomas Laurila; Bev Law; Ray Leuning; Yingnian Li; Michael Liddell; Jean-Marc Limousin; Marryanna Lion; Adam J. Liska; Annalea Lohila; Ana López-Ballesteros; Efrén López-Blanco; Benjamin Loubet; Denis Loustau; Antje Lucas-Moffat; Johannes Lüers; Siyan Ma; Craig Macfarlane; Vincenzo Magliulo; Regine Maier; Ivan Mammarella; Giovanni Manca; Barbara Marcolla; Hank A. Margolis; Serena Marras; William Massman; Mikhail Mastepanov; Roser Matamala; Jaclyn Hatala Matthes; Francesco Mazzenga; Harry McCaughey; Ian McHugh; Andrew M. S. McMillan; Lutz Merbold; Wayne Meyer; Tilden Meyers; Scott D. Miller; Stefano Minerbi; Uta Moderow; Russell K. Monson; Leonardo Montagnani; Caitlin E. Moore; Eddy Moors; Virginie Moreaux; Christine Moureaux; J. William Munger; Taro Nakai; Johan Neirynck; Zoran Nesic; Giacomo Nicolini; Asko Noormets; Matthew Northwood; Marcelo Nosetto; Yann Nouvellon; Kimberly Novick; Walter Oechel; Jørgen Eivind Olesen; Jean-Marc Ourcival; Shirley A. Papuga; Frans-Jan Parmentier; Eugenie Paul-Limoges; Marian Pavelka; Matthias Peichl; Elise Pendall; Richard P. Phillips; Kim Pilegaard; Norbert Pirk; Gabriela Posse; Thomas Powell; Heiko Prasse; Suzanne M. Prober; Serge Rambal; Üllar Rannik; Naama Raz-Yaseef; Corinna Rebmann; David Reed; Victor Resco de Dios; Natalia Restrepo-Coupe; Borja R. Reverter; Marilyn Roland; Simone Sabbatini; Torsten Sachs; Scott R. Saleska; Enrique P. Sánchez-Cañete; Zulia M. Sanchez-Mejia; Hans Peter Schmid; Marius Schmidt; Karl Schneider; Frederik Schrader; Ivan Schroder; Russell L. Scott; Pavel Sedlák; Penélope Serrano-Ortíz; Changliang Shao; Peili Shi; Ivan Shironya; Lukas Siebicke; Ladislav Šigut; Richard Silberstein; Costantino Sirca; Donatella Spano; Rainer Steinbrecher; Robert M. Stevens; Cove Sturtevant; Andy Suyker; Torbern Tagesson; Satoru Takanashi; Yanhong Tang; Nigel Tapper; Jonathan Thom; Michele Tomassucci; Juha-Pekka Tuovinen; Shawn Urbanski; Riccardo Valentini; Michiel van der Molen; Eva van Gorsel; Ko van Huissteden; Andrej Varlagin; Joseph Verfaillie; Timo Vesala; Caroline Vincke; Domenico Vitale; Natalia Vygodskaya; Jeffrey P. Walker; Elizabeth Walter-Shea; Huimin Wang; Robin Weber; Sebastian Westermann; Christian Wille; Steven Wofsy; Georg Wohlfahrt; Sebastian Wolf; William Woodgate; Yuelin Li; Roberto Zampedri; Junhui Zhang; GuoYi Zhou; Donatella Zona; Deb Agarwal; Sebastien Biraud; Margaret Torn; Dario Papale. 2021. "Author Correction: The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data." Scientific Data 8, no. 1: 1-2.
Individual tree carbon stock estimates typically rely on allometric scaling relationships established between field-measured stem diameter (DBH) and destructively harvested biomass. The use of DBH-based allometric equations to estimate the carbon stored over larger areas therefore, assumes that tree architecture, including branching and crown structures, are consistent for a given DBH, and that minor variations cancel out at the plot scale. We aimed to explore the degree of structural variation present at the individual tree level across a range of size-classes. We used terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) to measure the 3D structure of each tree in a 1 ha savanna plot, with coincident field-inventory. We found that stem reconstructions from TLS captured both the spatial distribution pattern and the DBH of individual trees with high confidence when compared with manual measurements (R2 = 0.98, RMSE = 0.0102 m). Our exploration of the relationship between DBH, crown size and tree height revealed significant variability in savanna tree crown structure (measured as crown area). These findings question the reliability of DBH-based allometric equations for adequately representing diversity in tree architecture, and therefore carbon storage, in tropical savannas. However, adoption of TLS outside environmental research has been slow due to considerable capital cost and monitoring programs often continue to rely on sub-plot monitoring and traditional allometric equations. A central aspect of our study explores the utility of a lower-cost TLS system not generally used for vegetation surveys. We discuss the potential benefits of alternative TLS-based approaches, such as explicit modelling of tree structure or voxel-based analyses, to capture the diverse 3D structures of savanna trees. Our research highlights structural heterogeneity as a source of uncertainty in savanna tree carbon estimates and demonstrates the potential for greater inclusion of cost-effective TLS technology in national monitoring programs.
Linda Luck; Lindsay Hutley; Kim Calders; Shaun Levick. Exploring the Variability of Tropical Savanna Tree Structural Allometry with Terrestrial Laser Scanning. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 3893 .
AMA StyleLinda Luck, Lindsay Hutley, Kim Calders, Shaun Levick. Exploring the Variability of Tropical Savanna Tree Structural Allometry with Terrestrial Laser Scanning. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (23):3893.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLinda Luck; Lindsay Hutley; Kim Calders; Shaun Levick. 2020. "Exploring the Variability of Tropical Savanna Tree Structural Allometry with Terrestrial Laser Scanning." Remote Sensing 12, no. 23: 3893.
Coastal vegetated habitats, including mangroves, saltmarshes and seagrasses, mitigate climate change by storing atmospheric carbon. Previous blue carbon research has mainly focused on organic carbon stocks. However, recent studies suggest that lateral inorganic carbon export might be equally important. Lateral export is a long-term carbon sink if carbon is exported as alkalinity (TAlk) produced via sulfate reduction coupled to pyrite formation. This study evaluates drivers of pyrite formation in coastal vegetated habitats, compares pyrite production to TAlk outwelling rates, and estimates global pyrite stocks in mangroves. We quantified pyrite stocks in mangroves, saltmarshes and seagrasses along a latitudinal gradient on the Australian East Coast, including a mangrove dieback area, and in the Everglades (Florida, USA). Our results indicate that pyrite stocks were driven by a combination of biomass, tidal amplitude, sediment organic carbon, sedimentation rates, rainfall latitude, temperature, and iron availability. Pyrite stocks were three-times higher in mangroves (103 ± 61 Mg/ha) than in saltmarshes (30 ± 30 Mg/ha) and seagrasses (32 ± 1 Mg/ha). Mangrove pyrite stocks were linearly correlated to TAlk export at sites where sulfate reduction was the dominant TAlk producing process, however pyrite generation could not explain all TAlk production. We present the first global model predicting pyrite stocks in mangroves, which average 155 (range 128 – 182) Mg/ha. In mangroves, estimated global TAlk production coupled to pyrite formation (~3 mol/m2/y) is equal to ~24% of their global organic carbon burial rate, thus highlighting the importance of including TAlk export in future blue carbon budgets.
Gloria Maria Susanne ReithmaieriD; Scott Gregory JohnstoniD; Tobias JungingeriD; Madeline M Goddard; Christian J. SandersiD; Lindsay B. Hutley; David T. Ho; Damien Troy MaheriD. Alkalinity production coupled to pyrite formation represents an unaccounted blue carbon sink. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleGloria Maria Susanne ReithmaieriD, Scott Gregory JohnstoniD, Tobias JungingeriD, Madeline M Goddard, Christian J. SandersiD, Lindsay B. Hutley, David T. Ho, Damien Troy MaheriD. Alkalinity production coupled to pyrite formation represents an unaccounted blue carbon sink. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGloria Maria Susanne ReithmaieriD; Scott Gregory JohnstoniD; Tobias JungingeriD; Madeline M Goddard; Christian J. SandersiD; Lindsay B. Hutley; David T. Ho; Damien Troy MaheriD. 2020. "Alkalinity production coupled to pyrite formation represents an unaccounted blue carbon sink." , no. : 1.
The magnitude of the terrestrial carbon (C) sink may be overestimated globally due to the difficulty of accounting for all C losses across heterogeneous landscapes. More complete assessments of net landscape C balances (NLCB) are needed that integrate both emissions by fire and transfer to aquatic systems, two key loss pathways of terrestrial C. These pathways can be particularly significant in the wet‐dry tropics, where fire plays a fundamental part in ecosystems and where intense rainfall and seasonal flooding can result in considerable aquatic C export (ΣFaq). Here, we determined the NLCB of a lowland catchment (~140 km2) in tropical Australia over two years by evaluating net terrestrial productivity (NEP), fire‐related C emissions and ΣFaq (comprising both downstream transport and gaseous evasion) for the two main landscape components, i.e. savanna woodland and seasonal wetlands. We found that the catchment was a large C sink (NLCB 334 Mg C km‐2 yr‐1), and that savanna and wetland areas contributed 84 and 16% to this sink, respectively. Annually, fire emissions (‐56 Mg C km‐2 yr‐1) and ΣFaq (‐28 Mg C km‐2 yr‐1) reduced NEP by 13 and 7%, respectively. Savanna burning shifted the catchment to a net C source for several months during the dry season, while ΣFaq significantly offset NEP during the wet season, with a disproportionate contribution by single major monsoonal events – up to 39% of annual ΣFaq was exported in one event. We hypothesise that wetter and hotter conditions in the wet‐dry tropics in the future will increase ΣFaq and fire emissions, potentially further reducing the current C sink in the region. More long‐term studies are needed to upscale this first NLCB estimate to less productive, yet hydrologically dynamic regions of the wet‐dry tropics where our result indicating a significant C sink may not hold.
Clément Duvert; Lindsay B. Hutley; Jason Beringer; Michael I. Bird; Christian Birkel; Damien T. Maher; Matthew Northwood; Mitchel Rudge; Samantha A. Setterfield; Jonathan G. Wynn. Net landscape carbon balance of a tropical savanna: Relative importance of fire and aquatic export in offsetting terrestrial production. Global Change Biology 2020, 26, 5899 -5913.
AMA StyleClément Duvert, Lindsay B. Hutley, Jason Beringer, Michael I. Bird, Christian Birkel, Damien T. Maher, Matthew Northwood, Mitchel Rudge, Samantha A. Setterfield, Jonathan G. Wynn. Net landscape carbon balance of a tropical savanna: Relative importance of fire and aquatic export in offsetting terrestrial production. Global Change Biology. 2020; 26 (10):5899-5913.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClément Duvert; Lindsay B. Hutley; Jason Beringer; Michael I. Bird; Christian Birkel; Damien T. Maher; Matthew Northwood; Mitchel Rudge; Samantha A. Setterfield; Jonathan G. Wynn. 2020. "Net landscape carbon balance of a tropical savanna: Relative importance of fire and aquatic export in offsetting terrestrial production." Global Change Biology 26, no. 10: 5899-5913.
Northern Australia is a region where limited information exists on environments at the last glacial maximum (LGM). Girraween Lagoon is located on the central northern coast of Australia and is a site representative of regional tropical savanna woodlands. Girraween Lagoon remained a perennial waterbody throughout the LGM, and as a result retains a complete proxy record of last-glacial climate, vegetation and fire. This study combines independent palynological and geochemical analyses to demonstrate a dramatic reduction in both tree cover and woody richness, and an expansion of grassland, relative to current vegetation at the site. The process of tree decline was primarily controlled by the cool-dry glacial climate and CO2effects, though more localised site characteristics restricted wetland-associated vegetation. Fire processes played less of a role in determining vegetation than during the Holocene and modern day, with reduced fire activity consistent with significantly lower biomass available to burn. Girraween Lagoon's unique and detailed palaeoecological record provides the opportunity to explore and assess modelling studies of vegetation distribution during the LGM, particularly where a number of different global vegetation and/or climate simulations are inconsistent for northern Australia, and at a range of resolutions.
Cassandra Rowe; Christopher M. Wurster; Costijn Zwart; Michael Brand; Lindsay B. Hutley; Vladimir Levchenko; Michael I. Bird. Vegetation over the last glacial maximum at Girraween Lagoon, monsoonal northern Australia. Quaternary Research 2020, 1 -14.
AMA StyleCassandra Rowe, Christopher M. Wurster, Costijn Zwart, Michael Brand, Lindsay B. Hutley, Vladimir Levchenko, Michael I. Bird. Vegetation over the last glacial maximum at Girraween Lagoon, monsoonal northern Australia. Quaternary Research. 2020; ():1-14.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCassandra Rowe; Christopher M. Wurster; Costijn Zwart; Michael Brand; Lindsay B. Hutley; Vladimir Levchenko; Michael I. Bird. 2020. "Vegetation over the last glacial maximum at Girraween Lagoon, monsoonal northern Australia." Quaternary Research , no. : 1-14.
The FLUXNET2015 dataset provides ecosystem-scale data on CO2, water, and energy exchange between the biosphere and the atmosphere, and other meteorological and biological measurements, from 212 sites around the globe (over 1500 site-years, up to and including year 2014). These sites, independently managed and operated, voluntarily contributed their data to create global datasets. Data were quality controlled and processed using uniform methods, to improve consistency and intercomparability across sites. The dataset is already being used in a number of applications, including ecophysiology studies, remote sensing studies, and development of ecosystem and Earth system models. FLUXNET2015 includes derived-data products, such as gap-filled time series, ecosystem respiration and photosynthetic uptake estimates, estimation of uncertainties, and metadata about the measurements, presented for the first time in this paper. In addition, 206 of these sites are for the first time distributed under a Creative Commons (CC-BY 4.0) license. This paper details this enhanced dataset and the processing methods, now made available as open-source codes, making the dataset more accessible, transparent, and reproducible.
Gilberto Pastorello; Carlo Trotta; Eleonora Canfora; Housen Chu; Danielle Christianson; You-Wei Cheah; Cristina Poindexter; Jiquan Chen; Abdelrahman Elbashandy; Marty Humphrey; Peter Isaac; Diego Polidori; Markus Reichstein; Alessio Ribeca; Catharine van Ingen; Nicolas Vuichard; Leiming Zhang; Brian Amiro; Christof Ammann; M. Altaf Arain; Jonas Ardö; Timothy Arkebauer; Stefan K. Arndt; Nicola Arriga; Marc Aubinet; Mika Aurela; Dennis Baldocchi; Alan Barr; Eric Beamesderfer; Luca Belelli Marchesini; Onil Bergeron; Jason Beringer; Christian Bernhofer; Daniel Berveiller; Dave Billesbach; Thomas Andrew Black; Peter D. Blanken; Gil Bohrer; Julia Boike; Paul V. Bolstad; Damien Bonal; Jean-Marc Bonnefond; David R. Bowling; Rosvel Bracho; Jason Brodeur; Christian Brümmer; Nina Buchmann; Benoit Burban; Sean P. Burns; Pauline Buysse; Peter Cale; Mauro Cavagna; Pierre Cellier; Shiping Chen; Isaac Chini; Torben R. Christensen; James Cleverly; Alessio Collalti; Claudia Consalvo; Bruce D. Cook; David Cook; Carole Coursolle; Edoardo Cremonese; Peter S. Curtis; Ettore D’Andrea; Humberto da Rocha; Xiaoqin Dai; Kenneth J. Davis; Bruno De Cinti; Agnes de Grandcourt; Anne De Ligne; Raimundo C. De Oliveira; Nicolas Delpierre; Ankur R. Desai; Carlos Marcelo Di Bella; Paul di Tommasi; Han Dolman; Francisco Domingo; Gang Dong; Sabina Dore; Pierpaolo Duce; Eric Dufrêne; Allison Dunn; Jiří Dušek; Derek Eamus; Uwe Eichelmann; Hatim Abdalla M. ElKhidir; Werner Eugster; Cacilia M. Ewenz; Brent Ewers; Daniela Famulari; Silvano Fares; Iris Feigenwinter; Andrew Feitz; Rasmus Fensholt; Gianluca Filippa; Marc Fischer; John Frank; Marta Galvagno; Mana Gharun; Damiano Gianelle; Bert Gielen; Beniamino Gioli; Anatoly Gitelson; Ignacio Goded; Mathias Goeckede; Allen H. Goldstein; Christopher M. Gough; Michael L. Goulden; Alexander Graf; Anne Griebel; Carsten Gruening; Thomas Grünwald; Albin Hammerle; Shijie Han; Xingguo Han; Birger Hansen; Chad Hanson; Juha Hatakka; Yongtao He; Markus Hehn; Bernard Heinesch; Nina Hinko-Najera; Lukas Hörtnagl; Lindsay Hutley; Andreas Ibrom; Hiroki Ikawa; Marcin Jackowicz-Korczynski; Dalibor Janouš; Wilma Jans; Rachhpal Jassal; Shicheng Jiang; Tomomichi Kato; Myroslava Khomik; Janina Klatt; Alexander Knohl; Sara Knox; Hideki Kobayashi; Georgia Koerber; Olaf Kolle; Yoshiko Kosugi; Ayumi Kotani; Andrew Kowalski; Bart Kruijt; Julia Kurbatova; Werner L. Kutsch; Hyojung Kwon; Samuli Launiainen; Tuomas Laurila; Bev Law; Ray Leuning; Yingnian Li; Michael Liddell; Jean-Marc Limousin; Marryanna Lion; Adam J. Liska; Annalea Lohila; Ana López-Ballesteros; Efrén López-Blanco; Benjamin Loubet; Denis Loustau; Antje Lucas-Moffat; Johannes Lüers; Siyan Ma; Craig Macfarlane; Vincenzo Magliulo; Regine Maier; Ivan Mammarella; Giovanni Manca; Barbara Marcolla; Hank A. Margolis; Serena Marras; William Massman; Mikhail Mastepanov; Roser Matamala; Jaclyn Hatala Matthes; Francesco Mazzenga; Harry McCaughey; Ian McHugh; Andrew M. S. McMillan; Lutz Merbold; Wayne Meyer; Tilden Meyers; Scott D. Miller; Stefano Minerbi; Uta Moderow; Russell K. Monson; Leonardo Montagnani; Caitlin E. Moore; Eddy Moors; Virginie Moreaux; Christine Moureaux; J. William Munger; Taro Nakai; Johan Neirynck; Zoran Nesic; Giacomo Nicolini; Asko Noormets; Matthew Northwood; Marcelo Nosetto; Yann Nouvellon; Kimberly Novick; Walter Oechel; Jørgen Eivind Olesen; Jean-Marc Ourcival; Shirley A. Papuga; Frans-Jan Parmentier; Eugenie Paul-Limoges; Marian Pavelka; Matthias Peichl; Elise Pendall; Richard P. Phillips; Kim Pilegaard; Norbert Pirk; Gabriela Posse; Thomas Powell; Heiko Prasse; Suzanne M. Prober; Serge Rambal; Üllar Rannik; Naama Raz-Yaseef; Corinna Rebmann; David Reed; Victor Resco de Dios; Natalia Restrepo-Coupe; Borja R. Reverter; Marilyn Roland; Simone Sabbatini; Torsten Sachs; Scott R. Saleska; Enrique P. Sánchez-Cañete; Zulia M. Sanchez-Mejia; Hans Peter Schmid; Marius Schmidt; Karl Schneider; Frederik Schrader; Ivan Schroder; Russell L. Scott; Pavel Sedlák; Penélope Serrano-Ortíz; Changliang Shao; Peili Shi; Ivan Shironya; Lukas Siebicke; Ladislav Šigut; Richard Silberstein; Costantino Sirca; Donatella Spano; Rainer Steinbrecher; Robert M. Stevens; Cove Sturtevant; Andy Suyker; Torbern Tagesson; Satoru Takanashi; Yanhong Tang; Nigel Tapper; Jonathan Thom; Michele Tomassucci; Juha-Pekka Tuovinen; Shawn Urbanski; Riccardo Valentini; Michiel van der Molen; Eva van Gorsel; Ko van Huissteden; Andrej Varlagin; Joseph Verfaillie; Timo Vesala; Caroline Vincke; Domenico Vitale; Natalia Vygodskaya; Jeffrey P. Walker; Elizabeth Walter-Shea; Huimin Wang; Robin Weber; Sebastian Westermann; Christian Wille; Steven Wofsy; Georg Wohlfahrt; Sebastian Wolf; William Woodgate; Yuelin Li; Roberto Zampedri; Junhui Zhang; GuoYi Zhou; Donatella Zona; Deb Agarwal; Sebastien Biraud; Margaret Torn; Dario Papale. The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data. Scientific Data 2020, 7, 1 -27.
AMA StyleGilberto Pastorello, Carlo Trotta, Eleonora Canfora, Housen Chu, Danielle Christianson, You-Wei Cheah, Cristina Poindexter, Jiquan Chen, Abdelrahman Elbashandy, Marty Humphrey, Peter Isaac, Diego Polidori, Markus Reichstein, Alessio Ribeca, Catharine van Ingen, Nicolas Vuichard, Leiming Zhang, Brian Amiro, Christof Ammann, M. Altaf Arain, Jonas Ardö, Timothy Arkebauer, Stefan K. Arndt, Nicola Arriga, Marc Aubinet, Mika Aurela, Dennis Baldocchi, Alan Barr, Eric Beamesderfer, Luca Belelli Marchesini, Onil Bergeron, Jason Beringer, Christian Bernhofer, Daniel Berveiller, Dave Billesbach, Thomas Andrew Black, Peter D. Blanken, Gil Bohrer, Julia Boike, Paul V. Bolstad, Damien Bonal, Jean-Marc Bonnefond, David R. Bowling, Rosvel Bracho, Jason Brodeur, Christian Brümmer, Nina Buchmann, Benoit Burban, Sean P. Burns, Pauline Buysse, Peter Cale, Mauro Cavagna, Pierre Cellier, Shiping Chen, Isaac Chini, Torben R. Christensen, James Cleverly, Alessio Collalti, Claudia Consalvo, Bruce D. Cook, David Cook, Carole Coursolle, Edoardo Cremonese, Peter S. Curtis, Ettore D’Andrea, Humberto da Rocha, Xiaoqin Dai, Kenneth J. Davis, Bruno De Cinti, Agnes de Grandcourt, Anne De Ligne, Raimundo C. De Oliveira, Nicolas Delpierre, Ankur R. Desai, Carlos Marcelo Di Bella, Paul di Tommasi, Han Dolman, Francisco Domingo, Gang Dong, Sabina Dore, Pierpaolo Duce, Eric Dufrêne, Allison Dunn, Jiří Dušek, Derek Eamus, Uwe Eichelmann, Hatim Abdalla M. ElKhidir, Werner Eugster, Cacilia M. Ewenz, Brent Ewers, Daniela Famulari, Silvano Fares, Iris Feigenwinter, Andrew Feitz, Rasmus Fensholt, Gianluca Filippa, Marc Fischer, John Frank, Marta Galvagno, Mana Gharun, Damiano Gianelle, Bert Gielen, Beniamino Gioli, Anatoly Gitelson, Ignacio Goded, Mathias Goeckede, Allen H. Goldstein, Christopher M. Gough, Michael L. Goulden, Alexander Graf, Anne Griebel, Carsten Gruening, Thomas Grünwald, Albin Hammerle, Shijie Han, Xingguo Han, Birger Hansen, Chad Hanson, Juha Hatakka, Yongtao He, Markus Hehn, Bernard Heinesch, Nina Hinko-Najera, Lukas Hörtnagl, Lindsay Hutley, Andreas Ibrom, Hiroki Ikawa, Marcin Jackowicz-Korczynski, Dalibor Janouš, Wilma Jans, Rachhpal Jassal, Shicheng Jiang, Tomomichi Kato, Myroslava Khomik, Janina Klatt, Alexander Knohl, Sara Knox, Hideki Kobayashi, Georgia Koerber, Olaf Kolle, Yoshiko Kosugi, Ayumi Kotani, Andrew Kowalski, Bart Kruijt, Julia Kurbatova, Werner L. Kutsch, Hyojung Kwon, Samuli Launiainen, Tuomas Laurila, Bev Law, Ray Leuning, Yingnian Li, Michael Liddell, Jean-Marc Limousin, Marryanna Lion, Adam J. Liska, Annalea Lohila, Ana López-Ballesteros, Efrén López-Blanco, Benjamin Loubet, Denis Loustau, Antje Lucas-Moffat, Johannes Lüers, Siyan Ma, Craig Macfarlane, Vincenzo Magliulo, Regine Maier, Ivan Mammarella, Giovanni Manca, Barbara Marcolla, Hank A. Margolis, Serena Marras, William Massman, Mikhail Mastepanov, Roser Matamala, Jaclyn Hatala Matthes, Francesco Mazzenga, Harry McCaughey, Ian McHugh, Andrew M. S. McMillan, Lutz Merbold, Wayne Meyer, Tilden Meyers, Scott D. Miller, Stefano Minerbi, Uta Moderow, Russell K. Monson, Leonardo Montagnani, Caitlin E. Moore, Eddy Moors, Virginie Moreaux, Christine Moureaux, J. William Munger, Taro Nakai, Johan Neirynck, Zoran Nesic, Giacomo Nicolini, Asko Noormets, Matthew Northwood, Marcelo Nosetto, Yann Nouvellon, Kimberly Novick, Walter Oechel, Jørgen Eivind Olesen, Jean-Marc Ourcival, Shirley A. Papuga, Frans-Jan Parmentier, Eugenie Paul-Limoges, Marian Pavelka, Matthias Peichl, Elise Pendall, Richard P. Phillips, Kim Pilegaard, Norbert Pirk, Gabriela Posse, Thomas Powell, Heiko Prasse, Suzanne M. Prober, Serge Rambal, Üllar Rannik, Naama Raz-Yaseef, Corinna Rebmann, David Reed, Victor Resco de Dios, Natalia Restrepo-Coupe, Borja R. Reverter, Marilyn Roland, Simone Sabbatini, Torsten Sachs, Scott R. Saleska, Enrique P. Sánchez-Cañete, Zulia M. Sanchez-Mejia, Hans Peter Schmid, Marius Schmidt, Karl Schneider, Frederik Schrader, Ivan Schroder, Russell L. Scott, Pavel Sedlák, Penélope Serrano-Ortíz, Changliang Shao, Peili Shi, Ivan Shironya, Lukas Siebicke, Ladislav Šigut, Richard Silberstein, Costantino Sirca, Donatella Spano, Rainer Steinbrecher, Robert M. Stevens, Cove Sturtevant, Andy Suyker, Torbern Tagesson, Satoru Takanashi, Yanhong Tang, Nigel Tapper, Jonathan Thom, Michele Tomassucci, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen, Shawn Urbanski, Riccardo Valentini, Michiel van der Molen, Eva van Gorsel, Ko van Huissteden, Andrej Varlagin, Joseph Verfaillie, Timo Vesala, Caroline Vincke, Domenico Vitale, Natalia Vygodskaya, Jeffrey P. Walker, Elizabeth Walter-Shea, Huimin Wang, Robin Weber, Sebastian Westermann, Christian Wille, Steven Wofsy, Georg Wohlfahrt, Sebastian Wolf, William Woodgate, Yuelin Li, Roberto Zampedri, Junhui Zhang, GuoYi Zhou, Donatella Zona, Deb Agarwal, Sebastien Biraud, Margaret Torn, Dario Papale. The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data. Scientific Data. 2020; 7 (1):1-27.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGilberto Pastorello; Carlo Trotta; Eleonora Canfora; Housen Chu; Danielle Christianson; You-Wei Cheah; Cristina Poindexter; Jiquan Chen; Abdelrahman Elbashandy; Marty Humphrey; Peter Isaac; Diego Polidori; Markus Reichstein; Alessio Ribeca; Catharine van Ingen; Nicolas Vuichard; Leiming Zhang; Brian Amiro; Christof Ammann; M. Altaf Arain; Jonas Ardö; Timothy Arkebauer; Stefan K. Arndt; Nicola Arriga; Marc Aubinet; Mika Aurela; Dennis Baldocchi; Alan Barr; Eric Beamesderfer; Luca Belelli Marchesini; Onil Bergeron; Jason Beringer; Christian Bernhofer; Daniel Berveiller; Dave Billesbach; Thomas Andrew Black; Peter D. Blanken; Gil Bohrer; Julia Boike; Paul V. Bolstad; Damien Bonal; Jean-Marc Bonnefond; David R. Bowling; Rosvel Bracho; Jason Brodeur; Christian Brümmer; Nina Buchmann; Benoit Burban; Sean P. Burns; Pauline Buysse; Peter Cale; Mauro Cavagna; Pierre Cellier; Shiping Chen; Isaac Chini; Torben R. Christensen; James Cleverly; Alessio Collalti; Claudia Consalvo; Bruce D. Cook; David Cook; Carole Coursolle; Edoardo Cremonese; Peter S. Curtis; Ettore D’Andrea; Humberto da Rocha; Xiaoqin Dai; Kenneth J. Davis; Bruno De Cinti; Agnes de Grandcourt; Anne De Ligne; Raimundo C. De Oliveira; Nicolas Delpierre; Ankur R. Desai; Carlos Marcelo Di Bella; Paul di Tommasi; Han Dolman; Francisco Domingo; Gang Dong; Sabina Dore; Pierpaolo Duce; Eric Dufrêne; Allison Dunn; Jiří Dušek; Derek Eamus; Uwe Eichelmann; Hatim Abdalla M. ElKhidir; Werner Eugster; Cacilia M. Ewenz; Brent Ewers; Daniela Famulari; Silvano Fares; Iris Feigenwinter; Andrew Feitz; Rasmus Fensholt; Gianluca Filippa; Marc Fischer; John Frank; Marta Galvagno; Mana Gharun; Damiano Gianelle; Bert Gielen; Beniamino Gioli; Anatoly Gitelson; Ignacio Goded; Mathias Goeckede; Allen H. Goldstein; Christopher M. Gough; Michael L. Goulden; Alexander Graf; Anne Griebel; Carsten Gruening; Thomas Grünwald; Albin Hammerle; Shijie Han; Xingguo Han; Birger Hansen; Chad Hanson; Juha Hatakka; Yongtao He; Markus Hehn; Bernard Heinesch; Nina Hinko-Najera; Lukas Hörtnagl; Lindsay Hutley; Andreas Ibrom; Hiroki Ikawa; Marcin Jackowicz-Korczynski; Dalibor Janouš; Wilma Jans; Rachhpal Jassal; Shicheng Jiang; Tomomichi Kato; Myroslava Khomik; Janina Klatt; Alexander Knohl; Sara Knox; Hideki Kobayashi; Georgia Koerber; Olaf Kolle; Yoshiko Kosugi; Ayumi Kotani; Andrew Kowalski; Bart Kruijt; Julia Kurbatova; Werner L. Kutsch; Hyojung Kwon; Samuli Launiainen; Tuomas Laurila; Bev Law; Ray Leuning; Yingnian Li; Michael Liddell; Jean-Marc Limousin; Marryanna Lion; Adam J. Liska; Annalea Lohila; Ana López-Ballesteros; Efrén López-Blanco; Benjamin Loubet; Denis Loustau; Antje Lucas-Moffat; Johannes Lüers; Siyan Ma; Craig Macfarlane; Vincenzo Magliulo; Regine Maier; Ivan Mammarella; Giovanni Manca; Barbara Marcolla; Hank A. Margolis; Serena Marras; William Massman; Mikhail Mastepanov; Roser Matamala; Jaclyn Hatala Matthes; Francesco Mazzenga; Harry McCaughey; Ian McHugh; Andrew M. S. McMillan; Lutz Merbold; Wayne Meyer; Tilden Meyers; Scott D. Miller; Stefano Minerbi; Uta Moderow; Russell K. Monson; Leonardo Montagnani; Caitlin E. Moore; Eddy Moors; Virginie Moreaux; Christine Moureaux; J. William Munger; Taro Nakai; Johan Neirynck; Zoran Nesic; Giacomo Nicolini; Asko Noormets; Matthew Northwood; Marcelo Nosetto; Yann Nouvellon; Kimberly Novick; Walter Oechel; Jørgen Eivind Olesen; Jean-Marc Ourcival; Shirley A. Papuga; Frans-Jan Parmentier; Eugenie Paul-Limoges; Marian Pavelka; Matthias Peichl; Elise Pendall; Richard P. Phillips; Kim Pilegaard; Norbert Pirk; Gabriela Posse; Thomas Powell; Heiko Prasse; Suzanne M. Prober; Serge Rambal; Üllar Rannik; Naama Raz-Yaseef; Corinna Rebmann; David Reed; Victor Resco de Dios; Natalia Restrepo-Coupe; Borja R. Reverter; Marilyn Roland; Simone Sabbatini; Torsten Sachs; Scott R. Saleska; Enrique P. Sánchez-Cañete; Zulia M. Sanchez-Mejia; Hans Peter Schmid; Marius Schmidt; Karl Schneider; Frederik Schrader; Ivan Schroder; Russell L. Scott; Pavel Sedlák; Penélope Serrano-Ortíz; Changliang Shao; Peili Shi; Ivan Shironya; Lukas Siebicke; Ladislav Šigut; Richard Silberstein; Costantino Sirca; Donatella Spano; Rainer Steinbrecher; Robert M. Stevens; Cove Sturtevant; Andy Suyker; Torbern Tagesson; Satoru Takanashi; Yanhong Tang; Nigel Tapper; Jonathan Thom; Michele Tomassucci; Juha-Pekka Tuovinen; Shawn Urbanski; Riccardo Valentini; Michiel van der Molen; Eva van Gorsel; Ko van Huissteden; Andrej Varlagin; Joseph Verfaillie; Timo Vesala; Caroline Vincke; Domenico Vitale; Natalia Vygodskaya; Jeffrey P. Walker; Elizabeth Walter-Shea; Huimin Wang; Robin Weber; Sebastian Westermann; Christian Wille; Steven Wofsy; Georg Wohlfahrt; Sebastian Wolf; William Woodgate; Yuelin Li; Roberto Zampedri; Junhui Zhang; GuoYi Zhou; Donatella Zona; Deb Agarwal; Sebastien Biraud; Margaret Torn; Dario Papale. 2020. "The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data." Scientific Data 7, no. 1: 1-27.
As tropical savannas are undergoing rapid conversion to other land uses, native C3‐C4 vegetation mixtures are often transformed to C3‐ or C4‐dominant systems, resulting in poorly understood changes to the soil carbon (C) cycle. Conventional models of the soil C cycle are based on assumptions that more labile components of the heterogenous soil organic C (SOC) pool decompose at faster rates. Meanwhile, previous work has suggested that the C4‐derived component of SOC is more labile than C3‐derived SOC. Here we report on long‐term (18 month) soil incubations from native and transformed tropical savannas of northern Australia. We test the hypothesis that, regardless of the type of land conversion, the C4 component of SOC will be preferentially decomposed. We measured changes in the SOC and pyrogenic carbon (PyC) pools, as well as the carbon isotope composition of SOC, PyC and respired CO2, from 63 soil cores collected intact from different land use change scenarios. Our results show that land use change had no consistent effect on the size of the SOC pool, but strong effects on SOC decomposition rates, with slower decomposition rates at C4‐invaded sites. While we confirm that native savanna soils preferentially decomposed C4‐derived SOC, we also show that transformed savanna soils preferentially decomposed the newly added pool of labile SOC, regardless of whether it was C4‐derived (grass) or C3‐derived (forestry) biomass. Furthermore, we provide evidence that in these fire‐prone landscapes, the nature of the PyC pool can shed light on past vegetation composition: while the PyC pool in C4‐dominant sites was mainly derived from C3 biomass, PyC in C3‐dominant sites and native savannas was mainly derived from C4 biomass. We develop a framework to systematically assess the effects of recent land use change versus prior vegetation composition.
Jonathan G. Wynn; Clément Duvert; Michael I. Bird; Niels C. Munksgaard; Samantha A. Setterfield; Lindsay Hutley. Land transformation in tropical savannas preferentially decomposes newly added biomass, whether C 3 or C 4 derived. Ecological Applications 2020, 30, 1 .
AMA StyleJonathan G. Wynn, Clément Duvert, Michael I. Bird, Niels C. Munksgaard, Samantha A. Setterfield, Lindsay Hutley. Land transformation in tropical savannas preferentially decomposes newly added biomass, whether C 3 or C 4 derived. Ecological Applications. 2020; 30 (8):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJonathan G. Wynn; Clément Duvert; Michael I. Bird; Niels C. Munksgaard; Samantha A. Setterfield; Lindsay Hutley. 2020. "Land transformation in tropical savannas preferentially decomposes newly added biomass, whether C 3 or C 4 derived." Ecological Applications 30, no. 8: 1.
Realistic representations and simulation of mass and energy exchanges across heterogeneous landscapes can be a challenge in land surface and dynamic vegetation models. For mixed life-form biomes such as savannas, plant function is very difficult to parameterise due to the distinct physiological characteristics of tree and grass plant functional types (PFTs) that vary dramatically across space and time. The partitioning of their fractional contributions to ecosystem gross primary production (GPP) remains to be achieved at regional scale using remote sensing. The objective of this study was to partition savanna gross primary production (GPP) into tree and grass functional components based on their distinctive phenological characteristics. Comparison of the remote sensing partitioned GPPtree and GPPgrass against field measurements from eddy covariance (EC) towers showed an overall good agreement in terms of both GPP seasonality and magnitude. We found total GPP, as well as its tree and grass components, decreased dramatically with rainfall over the North Australian Tropical Transect (NATT), from the Eucalyptus forest and woodland in the northern humid coast to the grasslands, Acacia woodlands and shrublands in the southern xeric interior. Spatially, GPPtree showed a steeper decrease with precipitation along the NATT compared to GPPgrass, thus tree/grass GPP ratios also decreased from the northern mesic region to the arid south region of the NATT. However, results also showed a second trend at the southern part of the transect, where tree-grass ratios and total GPP increased with decreasing mean annual precipitation, and this occurred in the physiognomic transition from hummock grasslands to Acacia woodland savannas. Total GPP and tree-grass GPP ratios across climate extremes were found to be primarily driven by grass layer response to rainfall dynamics. The grass-containing xeric savannas exhibited a higher hydroclimatic sensitivity, whereas GPP in the northern mesic savannas was fairly stable across years despite large variations in rainfall amount. The pronounced spatiotemporal variations in savanna vegetation productivity encountered along the NATT study area suggests that the savanna biome is particularly sensitive and vulnerable to predicted future climate change and hydroclimatic variability.
Xuanlong Ma; Alfredo Huete; Caitlin Moore; James Cleverly; Lindsay Hutley; Jason Beringer; Song Leng; Zunyi Xie; Qiang Yu; Derek Eamus. Spatiotemporal partitioning of savanna plant functional type productivity along NATT. Remote Sensing of Environment 2020, 246, 111855 .
AMA StyleXuanlong Ma, Alfredo Huete, Caitlin Moore, James Cleverly, Lindsay Hutley, Jason Beringer, Song Leng, Zunyi Xie, Qiang Yu, Derek Eamus. Spatiotemporal partitioning of savanna plant functional type productivity along NATT. Remote Sensing of Environment. 2020; 246 ():111855.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXuanlong Ma; Alfredo Huete; Caitlin Moore; James Cleverly; Lindsay Hutley; Jason Beringer; Song Leng; Zunyi Xie; Qiang Yu; Derek Eamus. 2020. "Spatiotemporal partitioning of savanna plant functional type productivity along NATT." Remote Sensing of Environment 246, no. : 111855.
Our understanding of how wet‐dry tropical catchments process water and solutes remains limited. In this study, we attempt to gain understanding of water and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) transport, storage and mixing in a 126 km2 catchment of northern Australia. We developed a coupled, tracer‐aided, conceptual rainfall‐runoff model (SAVTAM) that simultaneously calculates water, isotope and DOC‐based processes at a daily time step. The semi‐distributed model can account for the marked hydrological distinction between savanna woodlands and adjacent seasonal wetlands. Using the calibrated model, we tracked the fluxes and derived the age of water in fluxes and storages. Model output matched the seasonal variability, controlled by seasonal rainfall which switched on and off water and carbon flow pathways from the savanna to seasonal wetlands and ultimately to the perennial river. Such hydrological connectivity is modulated by the karst aquifer system that continuously contributes older waters (decades to century old) to maintain relatively stable and older streamflow during the dry season (average streamwater age = 9.7 to 16.2 years). Such older waters occur despite a rapid, monsoon‐driven streamflow response. The DOC fluxes were largely sourced from the wetland and riparian forest that transported DOC in the order of 1.9 t C km‐2 yr‐1 to the stream which was on average 90% of the total simulated DOC exports of 2 t C km‐2 yr‐1. We conclude that coupled simulation of water and biogeochemistry is necessary to generate a more complete picture of catchment functioning, particularly in the tropics.
Christian Birkel; Clément Duvert; Alicia Correa; Niels C. Munksgaard; Damien T. Maher; Lindsay B. Hutley. Tracer‐Aided Modeling in the Low‐Relief, Wet‐Dry Tropics Suggests Water Ages and DOC Export Are Driven by Seasonal Wetlands and Deep Groundwater. Water Resources Research 2020, 56, 1 .
AMA StyleChristian Birkel, Clément Duvert, Alicia Correa, Niels C. Munksgaard, Damien T. Maher, Lindsay B. Hutley. Tracer‐Aided Modeling in the Low‐Relief, Wet‐Dry Tropics Suggests Water Ages and DOC Export Are Driven by Seasonal Wetlands and Deep Groundwater. Water Resources Research. 2020; 56 (4):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristian Birkel; Clément Duvert; Alicia Correa; Niels C. Munksgaard; Damien T. Maher; Lindsay B. Hutley. 2020. "Tracer‐Aided Modeling in the Low‐Relief, Wet‐Dry Tropics Suggests Water Ages and DOC Export Are Driven by Seasonal Wetlands and Deep Groundwater." Water Resources Research 56, no. 4: 1.
Vegetation properties such as rooting depths and vegetation cover play a key role in coupling ecological and hydrological processes. These properties are however highly variable in space and/or time and their parametrization generally poses challenges for terrestrial biosphere models (Whitley et al., 2016). Models often use static values for dynamic vegetation properties or prescribe values based on observations, such as remotely sensed leaf area index. Here, vegetation optimality provides a way forward in order to predict such vegetation properties and their response to environmental change (Schymanski et al., 2015).
In this study, we explore the utility of a combined water-vegetation model, the Vegetation Optimality Model (VOM, Schymanski et al., 2009), to predict vegetation properties such as rooting depths, foliage cover, photosynthetic capacity and water use strategies. The VOM schematizes perennial trees and seasonal grasses each as a single big leaf with an associated root system and optimizes leaf and root system properties in order to maximize the Net Carbon Profit, i.e. the difference between the total carbon taken up by photosynthesis and all the carbon costs related to the construction and maintenance of the plant organs involved. The VOM was applied along the North-Australian Tropical Transect, which consists of six savanna sites equipped with flux towers along a strong rainfall gradient between 500 and 1700 mm per year. The multi-annual half-hourly measurements of evaporation and CO2-assimilation at the different sites were used here to evaluate the model.
The VOM produced similar or better results than more traditional models even though it requires much less information about site-specific vegetation properties. However, we found a persistent bias in the predicted vegetation cover. More detailed numerical experiments revealed a likely misrepresentation of the foliage costs in the model, which are based on a linear relation between leaf area and fractional vegetation cover. This finding, and the already favourable comparison with traditional models, implies that optimization of vegetation properties for Net Carbon Profit is a very promising approach for predicting the soil-vegetation-atmosphere exchange of water and carbon in complex ecosystems such as savannas.
References
Schymanski, S.J., Roderick, M.L., Sivapalan, M., 2015. Using an optimality model to understand medium and long-term responses of vegetation water use to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations. AoB PLANTS 7, plv060. https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plv060
Schymanski, S.J., Sivapalan, M., Roderick, M.L., Hutley, L.B., Beringer, J., 2009. An optimality‐based model of the dynamic feedbacks between natural vegetation and the water balance. Water Resources Research 45. https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR006841
Whitley, R., Beringer, J., Hutley, L.B., Abramowitz, G., De Kauwe, M.G., Duursma, R., Evans, B., Haverd, V., Li, L., Ryu, Y., Smith, B., Wang, Y.-P., Williams, M., Yu, Q., 2016. A model inter-comparison study to examine limiting factors in modelling Australian tropical savannas. Biogeosciences 13, 3245–3265. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3245-2016
Remko Nijzink; Jason Beringer; Lindsay Hutley; Stan Schymanski. The influence of carbon costs and benefits on predicted vegetation behaviour along a precipitation gradient using the Vegetation Optimality Model. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleRemko Nijzink, Jason Beringer, Lindsay Hutley, Stan Schymanski. The influence of carbon costs and benefits on predicted vegetation behaviour along a precipitation gradient using the Vegetation Optimality Model. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRemko Nijzink; Jason Beringer; Lindsay Hutley; Stan Schymanski. 2020. "The influence of carbon costs and benefits on predicted vegetation behaviour along a precipitation gradient using the Vegetation Optimality Model." , no. : 1.
Globally, carbon‐rich mangrove forests are deforested and degraded due to land‐use and land‐cover change (LULCC). The impact of mangrove deforestation on carbon emissions has been reported on a global scale; however, uncertainty remains at subnational scales due to geographical variability and field data limitations. We present an assessment of blue carbon storage at five mangrove sites across West Papua Province, Indonesia, a region that supports 10% of the world's mangrove area. The sites are representative of contrasting hydrogeomorphic settings and also capture change over a 25‐years LULCC chronosequence. Field‐based assessments were conducted across 255 plots covering undisturbed and LULCC‐affected mangroves (0‐, 5‐, 10‐, 15‐ and 25‐year‐old post‐harvest or regenerating forests as well as 15‐year‐old aquaculture ponds). Undisturbed mangroves stored total ecosystem carbon stocks of 182–2,730 (mean ± SD: 1,087 ± 584) Mg C/ha, with the large variation driven by hydrogeomorphic settings. The highest carbon stocks were found in estuarine interior (EI) mangroves, followed by open coast interior, open coast fringe and EI forests. Forest harvesting did not significantly affect soil carbon stocks, despite an elevated dead wood density relative to undisturbed forests, but it did remove nearly all live biomass. Aquaculture conversion removed 60% of soil carbon stock and 85% of live biomass carbon stock, relative to reference sites. By contrast, mangroves left to regenerate for more than 25 years reached the same level of biomass carbon compared to undisturbed forests, with annual biomass accumulation rates of 3.6 ± 1.1 Mg C ha−1 year−1. This study shows that hydrogeomorphic setting controls natural dynamics of mangrove blue carbon stocks, while long‐term land‐use changes affect carbon loss and gain to a substantial degree. Therefore, current land‐based climate policies must incorporate landscape and land‐use characteristics, and their related carbon management consequences, for more effective emissions reduction targets and restoration outcomes.
Sigit D. Sasmito; Mériadec Sillanpää; Matthew A. Hayes; Samsul Bachri; Meli F. Saragi‐Sasmito; Frida Sidik; Bayu B. Hanggara; Wolfram Y. Mofu; Victor I. Rumbiak; Hendri; Sartji Taberima; Suhaemi; Julius D. Nugroho; Thomas F. Pattiasina; Nuryani Widagti; Barakalla; Joeni S. Rahajoe; Heru Hartantri; Victor Nikijuluw; Rina N. Jowey; Charlie Heatubun; Philine zu Ermgassen; Thomas Worthington; Jennifer Howard; Catherine E. Lovelock; Daniel A. Friess; Lindsay B. Hutley; Daniel Murdiyarso. Mangrove blue carbon stocks and dynamics are controlled by hydrogeomorphic settings and land‐use change. Global Change Biology 2020, 26, 3028 -3039.
AMA StyleSigit D. Sasmito, Mériadec Sillanpää, Matthew A. Hayes, Samsul Bachri, Meli F. Saragi‐Sasmito, Frida Sidik, Bayu B. Hanggara, Wolfram Y. Mofu, Victor I. Rumbiak, Hendri, Sartji Taberima, Suhaemi, Julius D. Nugroho, Thomas F. Pattiasina, Nuryani Widagti, Barakalla, Joeni S. Rahajoe, Heru Hartantri, Victor Nikijuluw, Rina N. Jowey, Charlie Heatubun, Philine zu Ermgassen, Thomas Worthington, Jennifer Howard, Catherine E. Lovelock, Daniel A. Friess, Lindsay B. Hutley, Daniel Murdiyarso. Mangrove blue carbon stocks and dynamics are controlled by hydrogeomorphic settings and land‐use change. Global Change Biology. 2020; 26 (5):3028-3039.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSigit D. Sasmito; Mériadec Sillanpää; Matthew A. Hayes; Samsul Bachri; Meli F. Saragi‐Sasmito; Frida Sidik; Bayu B. Hanggara; Wolfram Y. Mofu; Victor I. Rumbiak; Hendri; Sartji Taberima; Suhaemi; Julius D. Nugroho; Thomas F. Pattiasina; Nuryani Widagti; Barakalla; Joeni S. Rahajoe; Heru Hartantri; Victor Nikijuluw; Rina N. Jowey; Charlie Heatubun; Philine zu Ermgassen; Thomas Worthington; Jennifer Howard; Catherine E. Lovelock; Daniel A. Friess; Lindsay B. Hutley; Daniel Murdiyarso. 2020. "Mangrove blue carbon stocks and dynamics are controlled by hydrogeomorphic settings and land‐use change." Global Change Biology 26, no. 5: 3028-3039.
Globally, mining activities have been responsible for the contamination of soils, surface water and groundwater. Following mine closure, a key issue is the management of leachate from waste rock accumulated during the lifetime of the mine. At Ranger Uranium Mine in northern Australia, magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) leaching from waste rock has been identified as a potentially significant surface and groundwater contaminant which may have adverse affects on catchment biota. The primary objective of this study was to determine the effect of elevated levels of MgSO4 on two riparian trees; Melaleuca viridiflora and Alphitonia excelsa. We found that tolerance to MgSO4 was species-specific. M. viridiflora was tolerant to high concentrations of MgSO4 (15,300 mg l-1), with foliar concentrations of ions suggesting plants regulate uptake. In contrast, A. excelsa was sensitive to elevated concentrations of MgSO4 (960 mg l-1), exhibiting reduced plant vigour and growth. This information improves our understanding of the toxicity of MgSO4 as a mine contaminant and highlights the need for rehabililitation planning to mitigate impacts on some tree species of this region.
Caroline A. Canham; Ornela Y. Cavalieri; Samantha A. Setterfield; Fiona L. Freestone; Lindsay Hutley. Effect of elevated magnesium sulfate on two riparian tree species potentially impacted by mine site contamination. Scientific Reports 2020, 10, 1 -9.
AMA StyleCaroline A. Canham, Ornela Y. Cavalieri, Samantha A. Setterfield, Fiona L. Freestone, Lindsay Hutley. Effect of elevated magnesium sulfate on two riparian tree species potentially impacted by mine site contamination. Scientific Reports. 2020; 10 (1):1-9.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCaroline A. Canham; Ornela Y. Cavalieri; Samantha A. Setterfield; Fiona L. Freestone; Lindsay Hutley. 2020. "Effect of elevated magnesium sulfate on two riparian tree species potentially impacted by mine site contamination." Scientific Reports 10, no. 1: 1-9.
A comprehensive understanding of the effects of agricultural management on climate–crop interactions has yet to emerge. Using a novel wavelet–statistics conjunction approach, we analysed the synchronisation amongst fluxes (net ecosystem exchange NEE, evapotranspiration and sensible heat flux) and seven environmental factors (e.g., air temperature, soil water content) on 19 farm sites across Australia and New Zealand. Irrigation and fertilisation practices improved positive coupling between net ecosystem productivity (NEP = −NEE) and evapotranspiration, as hypothesised. Highly intense management tended to protect against heat stress, especially for irrigated crops in dry climates. By contrast, stress avoidance in the vegetation of tropical and hot desert climates was identified by reverse coupling between NEP and sensible heat flux (i.e., increases in NEP were synchronised with decreases in sensible heat flux). Some environmental factors were found to be under management control, whereas others were fixed as constraints at a given location. Irrigated crops in dry climates (e.g., maize, almonds) showed high predictability of fluxes given only knowledge of fluctuations in climate (R2 > 0.78), and fluxes were nearly as predictable across strongly energy- or water-limited environments (0.60 < R2 < 0.89). However, wavelet regression of environmental conditions on fluxes showed much smaller predictability in response to precipitation pulses (0.15 < R2 < 0.55), where mowing or grazing affected crop phenology (0.28 < R2 < 0.59), and where water and energy limitations were balanced (0.7 < net radiation ∕ precipitation < 1.3; 0.27 < R2 < 0.36). By incorporating a temporal component to regression, wavelet–statistics conjunction provides an important step forward for understanding direct ecosystem responses to environmental change, for modelling that understanding, and for quantifying nonstationary, nonlinear processes such as precipitation pulses, which have previously defied quantitative analysis.
James Cleverly; Camilla Vote; Peter Isaac; Cacilia Ewenz; Mahrita Harahap; Jason Beringer; David I. Campbell; Edoardo Daly; Derek Eamus; Liang He; John Hunt; Peter Grace; Lindsay B. Hutley; Johannes Laubach; Malcolm McCaskill; David Rowlings; Susanna Rutledge Jonker; Louis A. Schipper; Ivan Schroder; Bertrand Teodosio; Qiang Yu; Phil R. Ward; Jeffrey P. Walker; John Webb; Samantha P.P. Grover. Carbon, water and energy fluxes in agricultural systems of Australia and New Zealand. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 2020, 287, 107934 .
AMA StyleJames Cleverly, Camilla Vote, Peter Isaac, Cacilia Ewenz, Mahrita Harahap, Jason Beringer, David I. Campbell, Edoardo Daly, Derek Eamus, Liang He, John Hunt, Peter Grace, Lindsay B. Hutley, Johannes Laubach, Malcolm McCaskill, David Rowlings, Susanna Rutledge Jonker, Louis A. Schipper, Ivan Schroder, Bertrand Teodosio, Qiang Yu, Phil R. Ward, Jeffrey P. Walker, John Webb, Samantha P.P. Grover. Carbon, water and energy fluxes in agricultural systems of Australia and New Zealand. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 2020; 287 ():107934.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJames Cleverly; Camilla Vote; Peter Isaac; Cacilia Ewenz; Mahrita Harahap; Jason Beringer; David I. Campbell; Edoardo Daly; Derek Eamus; Liang He; John Hunt; Peter Grace; Lindsay B. Hutley; Johannes Laubach; Malcolm McCaskill; David Rowlings; Susanna Rutledge Jonker; Louis A. Schipper; Ivan Schroder; Bertrand Teodosio; Qiang Yu; Phil R. Ward; Jeffrey P. Walker; John Webb; Samantha P.P. Grover. 2020. "Carbon, water and energy fluxes in agricultural systems of Australia and New Zealand." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 287, no. : 107934.
The riverine export of carbon is expected to be driven by changes in connectivity between source areas and streams. Yet we lack a thorough understanding of the relative contributions of different water sources to the dissolved carbon flux, and of the way these contributions vary with seasonal changes in flow connectivity. Here we assess the temporal variations in water and associated dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) sources and fluxes in a wet‐dry tropical river of northern Australia over two years. We use linear mixing models integrated into a Bayesian framework to determine the relative contributions of rainfall, seasonal wetlands, shallow groundwater, and a deep carbonate aquifer to riverine DIC fluxes, which we relate to the age of water sources. Our results suggest extreme shifts in water and DIC sources between the wet and dry seasons. Under wet conditions, most DIC was of biogenic origin and transported by relatively young water sources originating from shallow groundwater and wetlands. As rainfall ceased, the wetlands either dried out or became disconnected from the stream network. From this stage, DIC switched to a geogenic origin, nearly entirely conveyed via older water sources from the carbonate formation. Our findings demonstrate the importance of changing patterns of connectivity when evaluating riverine DIC export from catchments. This work also illustrates the need to systematically partition DIC fluxes between biogenic and geogenic sources, if we are to quantify how the riverine export of carbon affects net carbon soil storage.
Clément Duvert; Lindsay B. Hutley; Christian Birkel; Mitchel Rudge; Niels C. Munksgaard; Jonathan G. Wynn; Samantha A. Setterfield; Dioni I. Cendón; Michael I. Bird. Seasonal Shift From Biogenic to Geogenic Fluvial Carbon Caused by Changing Water Sources in the Wet‐Dry Tropics. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 2020, 125, 1 .
AMA StyleClément Duvert, Lindsay B. Hutley, Christian Birkel, Mitchel Rudge, Niels C. Munksgaard, Jonathan G. Wynn, Samantha A. Setterfield, Dioni I. Cendón, Michael I. Bird. Seasonal Shift From Biogenic to Geogenic Fluvial Carbon Caused by Changing Water Sources in the Wet‐Dry Tropics. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. 2020; 125 (2):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClément Duvert; Lindsay B. Hutley; Christian Birkel; Mitchel Rudge; Niels C. Munksgaard; Jonathan G. Wynn; Samantha A. Setterfield; Dioni I. Cendón; Michael I. Bird. 2020. "Seasonal Shift From Biogenic to Geogenic Fluvial Carbon Caused by Changing Water Sources in the Wet‐Dry Tropics." Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 125, no. 2: 1.