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The article presents the results of research conducted in order to determine the comprehensibility (intelligibility) of the text of signs on educational paths in Warsaw’s city forests. This evaluation was carried out with the use of an online IT tool—Promovolt. The obtained results were confronted with the assessment of users of educational paths and the opinion of an expert group, which consisted of people involved in the design of educational materials. The results indicate that the majority of the analyzed interpretative signs are dedicated to secondary school students because of the level of text comprehensibility. At the same time, 20% of the text is understandable only to recipients with higher education. This means that the educational paths in the urban forests of Warsaw, with interpretative signs allowing independent learning, do not sufficiently support the ecological education of children and youth from primary schools up to 15 years of age, as well as people with basic or vocational education.
Emilia Janeczko; Rafał Wojtan; Natalia Korcz; Małgorzata Woźnicka. Interpretative Signs as a Tool Supporting Informal Environmental Education on the Example of Warsaw’s Urban Forests. Forests 2021, 12, 1091 .
AMA StyleEmilia Janeczko, Rafał Wojtan, Natalia Korcz, Małgorzata Woźnicka. Interpretative Signs as a Tool Supporting Informal Environmental Education on the Example of Warsaw’s Urban Forests. Forests. 2021; 12 (8):1091.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmilia Janeczko; Rafał Wojtan; Natalia Korcz; Małgorzata Woźnicka. 2021. "Interpretative Signs as a Tool Supporting Informal Environmental Education on the Example of Warsaw’s Urban Forests." Forests 12, no. 8: 1091.
Birdwatching is one of the most sustainable types of nature-based tourism and, at the same time, a form of recreation that is developing very dynamically. Birdwatching is attracting more and more people, not only professionals, but also amateurs from many countries. Birdwatching research is still relatively embryonic, especially when compared to nature tourism or wildlife tourism. Our main aim was to determine preferences and opinions of birdwatchers visiting the largest national park in Poland, in relation to their different levels of involvement. The data were collected in 2018 from a survey of a sample of 357 Polish and foreign birdwatchers. Results showed that birdwatcher respondents were predominantly male, middle-aged, and living in a large city. An important tool described in this article is a new scale that assesses the level of involvement of individual people engaged in birdwatching activity. This scale corresponds well with the individual characteristics of birdwatchers. Most birdwatchers defined their birdwatching activity as a permanent rather than a temporary hobby and therefore considered it to be more of a lifestyle than a hobby. Engagement in birdwatching activity increased with age and frequency of trips. The two most important reasons for birding were ‘to be close to nature’ and ‘fascination with birds’. It has been proven that the development of birdwatching in the future will require a developed infrastructure enabling interaction with the objects of observation.
Emilia Janeczko; Adrian Łukowski; Ernest Bielinis; Małgorzata Woźnicka; Krzysztof Janeczko; Natalia Korcz. “Not just a hobby, but a lifestyle”: Characteristics, preferences and self-perception of individuals with different levels of involvement in birdwatching. PLOS ONE 2021, 16, e0255359 .
AMA StyleEmilia Janeczko, Adrian Łukowski, Ernest Bielinis, Małgorzata Woźnicka, Krzysztof Janeczko, Natalia Korcz. “Not just a hobby, but a lifestyle”: Characteristics, preferences and self-perception of individuals with different levels of involvement in birdwatching. PLOS ONE. 2021; 16 (7):e0255359.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmilia Janeczko; Adrian Łukowski; Ernest Bielinis; Małgorzata Woźnicka; Krzysztof Janeczko; Natalia Korcz. 2021. "“Not just a hobby, but a lifestyle”: Characteristics, preferences and self-perception of individuals with different levels of involvement in birdwatching." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7: e0255359.
Background and Objectives: Nowadays, a significant part of the human population lives and works in urban agglomerations. Limited contact with nature, polluted air, stress, and a sedentary work style all contribute to problems with the physical and mental health of a considerable number of city dwellers. There are many studies indicating the positive, restorative properties of natural environments, such as forests, on human well-being. Our aim was to investigate whether suburban commercial forests in combination with informal environmental education can bring restorative properties to people, especially those who are economically active. Materials and Methods: Four psychological questionnaires were used to determine the restorative properties of a suburban commercial forest on young active people: the Profile of Mood Scale (POMS), the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), the Restorative Outcome Scale (ROS), and the Subjective Vitality Scale (SVS). The experiment involved 60 participants who took forest baths (the act of spending time in a forest and opening your senses to the natural surroundings to experience feelings of peace and wellbeing) in a suburban commercial forest surrounding Świdnik, a city of 40,000 inhabitants located directly next to Lublin (a provincial city with a population of 339,811). The volunteers were divided into three groups; Group A walked an educational route with educational boards (route A1). Group B walked another route with a forest educator who described various forest management activities conducted in this forest (route A2). Group C walked alone, without an educator, along route A2. All three groups arrived at the site of forest stand redevelopment as the end of their route. After a short 10-min exposure to this site, the volunteers again completed the psychological questionnaires. Results: Our study clearly indicates a positive effect from forest bathing in suburban commercial forests. Both the walk with a forest educator and the walk along the educational trail supported psychological recovery for the participants of the experiment, which shows that informal environmental education carried out in forests can be successfully combined with forest bathing, supporting the positive effects of this activity.
Natalia Korcz; Emilia Janeczko; Ernest Bielinis; Danuta Urban; Jacek Koba; Paweł Szabat; Michał Małecki. Influence of Informal Education in the Forest Stand Redevelopment Area on the Psychological Restoration of Working Adults. Forests 2021, 12, 993 .
AMA StyleNatalia Korcz, Emilia Janeczko, Ernest Bielinis, Danuta Urban, Jacek Koba, Paweł Szabat, Michał Małecki. Influence of Informal Education in the Forest Stand Redevelopment Area on the Psychological Restoration of Working Adults. Forests. 2021; 12 (8):993.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNatalia Korcz; Emilia Janeczko; Ernest Bielinis; Danuta Urban; Jacek Koba; Paweł Szabat; Michał Małecki. 2021. "Influence of Informal Education in the Forest Stand Redevelopment Area on the Psychological Restoration of Working Adults." Forests 12, no. 8: 993.
Climate change affects various aspects of the economy, agriculture, economics, and politics, including forestry. There is more and more talk about the real impact of the effects of climate change. This paper presents the results of a survey on the perceptions of two groups, foresters and recreational forest users, about climate change and its impacts on forested areas; 130 foresters and 146 recreational forest users participated in the survey (total n = 276). The survey was conducted from April to November 2019 and consisted of three parts. The first part included questions about the demographic characteristics of the respondents (gender, age, education, place of residence), the second part focused on the respondents’ views on climate change and its implications for forest ecosystems, and the third part focused on informal forest education and its relationship to climate change. The results of our study indicated that progressive climate change affecting forest ecosystems is clearly felt by the professional group related to forests such as foresters, and to a lesser extent by people using forests for tourism and recreation. According to foresters, the effects of climate change on forest areas include rapid changes in weather patterns and more frequent insect infestations. On the other hand, people resting in forests mainly observe the lack of snow cover and occurrence of drought. Informal forest education insufficiently covers the topic of climate change. Thus, our study can help guide informal education towards topics related to climate change and the need for sustainable forest use.
Natalia Korcz; Jacek Koba; Agata Kobyłka; Emilia Janeczko; Joanna Gmitrowicz-Iwan. Climate Change and Informal Education in the Opinion of Forest Users in Poland. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7892 .
AMA StyleNatalia Korcz, Jacek Koba, Agata Kobyłka, Emilia Janeczko, Joanna Gmitrowicz-Iwan. Climate Change and Informal Education in the Opinion of Forest Users in Poland. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (14):7892.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNatalia Korcz; Jacek Koba; Agata Kobyłka; Emilia Janeczko; Joanna Gmitrowicz-Iwan. 2021. "Climate Change and Informal Education in the Opinion of Forest Users in Poland." Sustainability 13, no. 14: 7892.
The intensity of the neutral environment impact on humans may be determined by specific features of space, including dead wood occurrence. Dead wood is claimed to be disliked by the public because it reduces the scenic beauty and recreational values of the forest. The attractiveness of a forest with dead wood may be determined by its variants. Much is known about the preference for landscape with dead wood, but there is little information available about how such a landscape affects a person’s mental relaxation, improves mood, increases positive feelings, levels of vitality, etc. Hence, the aim of our research was to investigate the psycho-logical relaxing effects of short 15-min exposures to natural and managed forests with dead wood. In the study, three areas within the Białowieża Primeval Forest were used to measure the impact of different types of forest with dead wood (A: forest reserve with dead wood subject to natural decomposition processes; B: managed forest with visible cut wood and stumps; C: man-aged forest with dead trees from bark beetle outbreak standing) on human psychological relaxation in a randomized experiment. The participants of the experiment were forty-one young adults aged 19–20. Each respondent experienced each type of forest at intervals visiting it. Four psychological questionnaires were used in the project (Profile of Mood States (POMS), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), Subjective Vitality Scale (SVS), and Restorative Outcome Scale (ROS)) before and after the short exposure to the forest were evaluated. The results show that a forest landscape with dead wood affects the human psyche, and the relaxing properties of such a landscape are better in a protected forest with natural, slow processes of tree dieback than those obtained in managed forests
Emilia Janeczko; Ernest Bielinis; Ulfah Tiarasari; Małgorzata Woźnicka; Wojciech Kędziora; Sławomir Przygodzki; Krzysztof Janeczko. How Dead Wood in the Forest Decreases Relaxation? The Effects of Viewing of Dead Wood in the Forest Environment on Psychological Responses of Young Adults. Forests 2021, 12, 871 .
AMA StyleEmilia Janeczko, Ernest Bielinis, Ulfah Tiarasari, Małgorzata Woźnicka, Wojciech Kędziora, Sławomir Przygodzki, Krzysztof Janeczko. How Dead Wood in the Forest Decreases Relaxation? The Effects of Viewing of Dead Wood in the Forest Environment on Psychological Responses of Young Adults. Forests. 2021; 12 (7):871.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmilia Janeczko; Ernest Bielinis; Ulfah Tiarasari; Małgorzata Woźnicka; Wojciech Kędziora; Sławomir Przygodzki; Krzysztof Janeczko. 2021. "How Dead Wood in the Forest Decreases Relaxation? The Effects of Viewing of Dead Wood in the Forest Environment on Psychological Responses of Young Adults." Forests 12, no. 7: 871.
This article presents results of research carried out in 2018 that aimed to determine the opinions of Bieszczady mountain guides on the scope of development of tourism and recreational infrastructure in the Bieszczady forests, Poland. The online survey included questions regarding nature protection in the Bieszczady region, factors limiting opportunities for tourism and recreation development in the Bieszczady forests, and the needs regarding new elements of tourism and recreation management of the area. Our research results indicate that the greatest impediments to the recreational use of the forest result from temporary restrictions on forest access, which are related to hunting or forest-management works. Most the interviewed guides were against further development of the tourist and recreational infrastructure in the Bieszczady forests. They were also in favor of extending the nature protection area in Bieszczady. Statistical analyses using the Kruskal–Wallis test showed that persons who are against, in favor of and neutral on extending the nature protection area in the Bieszczady forests varied significantly in their views on issues such as hunting or restrictions on forest access related to forest-management works. Compared to the other respondents, the supporters of extending the range of protected areas were more frequently against designating new recreation spaces or bonfire places in the Bieszczady forests.
Emilia Janeczko; Joanna Pniewska; Ernest Bielinis. Forest Tourism and Recreation Management in the Polish Bieszczady Mountains in the Opinion of Tourist Guides. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7967 .
AMA StyleEmilia Janeczko, Joanna Pniewska, Ernest Bielinis. Forest Tourism and Recreation Management in the Polish Bieszczady Mountains in the Opinion of Tourist Guides. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (19):7967.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmilia Janeczko; Joanna Pniewska; Ernest Bielinis. 2020. "Forest Tourism and Recreation Management in the Polish Bieszczady Mountains in the Opinion of Tourist Guides." Sustainability 12, no. 19: 7967.
Background and Objectives: Physical activity, recreation and walks successfully counteract negative symptoms of stress in people, especially in large cities, and have many positive psychological and physiological effects. There are many studies showing that contact with nature plays an important role in the regeneration of the human body. The city is not without green enclaves such as forests, parks or greenery along the streets. However, it is not entirely clear how the different physical characteristics of the urban space affect mood improvement, increase of positive feelings, vitality level, etc. Materials and Methods: In the study, two urban environments (apartment and green suburbs) were used, as well as two forests (coniferous and deciduous) to measure the impact of these environments on human physiological and psychological relaxation during a walk in a randomized experiment. The participants of the experiment were 75 young adult Poles studying in the largest Polish agglomeration, Warsaw. Before each experiment, the physiological and psychological state of the participant was measured indoors (pre-test). Four psychological questionnaires were used in the project (Profile of Mood States; Positive and Negative Affect Schedule; Restorative Outcome Scale; Subjective Vitality Scale), and physiological measurements (heart rate, blood pressure) before and after the short walking program were evaluated. Results: As a result of the analyses, it was shown that both staying in an urban environment with greenery and staying in a forest environment have a positive effect on the physiological and psychological relaxation of the subjects. A short walk in the suburbs was no less attractive than a walk in the forest in fall. The above indicates that various places with urban vegetation can be successfully used for recreation, just as in a forest where forest bathing is practiced. This indicates that different places with urban greenery can be successfully used for recreation, as can the forests where forest bathing is carried out.
Emilia Janeczko; Ernest Bielinis; Roman Wójcik; Małgorzata Woźnicka; Wojciech Kędziora; Adrian Łukowski; Mohamed Elsadek; Katarzyna Szyc; Krzysztof Janeczko. When Urban Environment Is Restorative: The Effect of Walking in Suburbs and Forests on Psychological and Physiological Relaxation of Young Polish Adults. Forests 2020, 11, 591 .
AMA StyleEmilia Janeczko, Ernest Bielinis, Roman Wójcik, Małgorzata Woźnicka, Wojciech Kędziora, Adrian Łukowski, Mohamed Elsadek, Katarzyna Szyc, Krzysztof Janeczko. When Urban Environment Is Restorative: The Effect of Walking in Suburbs and Forests on Psychological and Physiological Relaxation of Young Polish Adults. Forests. 2020; 11 (5):591.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmilia Janeczko; Ernest Bielinis; Roman Wójcik; Małgorzata Woźnicka; Wojciech Kędziora; Adrian Łukowski; Mohamed Elsadek; Katarzyna Szyc; Krzysztof Janeczko. 2020. "When Urban Environment Is Restorative: The Effect of Walking in Suburbs and Forests on Psychological and Physiological Relaxation of Young Polish Adults." Forests 11, no. 5: 591.
The role of values in climate-related decision-making is a prominent theme of climate communication research. The present study examines whether forest professionals are more driven by values than scientists are, and if this results in value polarization. A questionnaire was designed to elicit and assess the values assigned to expected effects of climate change by forest professionals and scientists working on forests and climate change in Europe. The countries involved covered a north-to-south and west-to-east gradient across Europe, representing a wide range of bio-climatic conditions and a mix of economic–social–political structures. We show that European forest professionals and scientists do not exhibit polarized expectations about the values of specific impacts of climate change on forests in their countries. In fact, few differences between forest professionals and scientists were found. However, there are interesting differences in the expected values of forest professionals with regard to climate change impacts across European countries. In Northern European countries, the aggregated values of the expected effects are more neutral than they are in Southern Europe, where they are more negative. Expectations about impacts on timber production, economic returns, and regulatory ecosystem services are mostly negative, while expectations about biodiversity and energy production are mostly positive.
Johannes Persson; Kristina Blennow; Luísa Gonçalves; Alexander Borys; Ioan Dutcă; Jari Hynynen; Emilia Janeczko; Mariyana Lyubenova; Simon Martel; Jan Merganic; Katarína Merganičová; Mikko Peltoniemi; Michal Petr; Fernando H. Reboredo; Giorgio Vacchiano; Christopher P.O. Reyer. No polarization–Expected Values of Climate Change Impacts among European Forest Professionals and Scientists. Sustainability 2020, 12, 2659 .
AMA StyleJohannes Persson, Kristina Blennow, Luísa Gonçalves, Alexander Borys, Ioan Dutcă, Jari Hynynen, Emilia Janeczko, Mariyana Lyubenova, Simon Martel, Jan Merganic, Katarína Merganičová, Mikko Peltoniemi, Michal Petr, Fernando H. Reboredo, Giorgio Vacchiano, Christopher P.O. Reyer. No polarization–Expected Values of Climate Change Impacts among European Forest Professionals and Scientists. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (7):2659.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohannes Persson; Kristina Blennow; Luísa Gonçalves; Alexander Borys; Ioan Dutcă; Jari Hynynen; Emilia Janeczko; Mariyana Lyubenova; Simon Martel; Jan Merganic; Katarína Merganičová; Mikko Peltoniemi; Michal Petr; Fernando H. Reboredo; Giorgio Vacchiano; Christopher P.O. Reyer. 2020. "No polarization–Expected Values of Climate Change Impacts among European Forest Professionals and Scientists." Sustainability 12, no. 7: 2659.
Research Highlights: The achieved results indicate that in the period of 2010–2016, the number of sporting events (running, cycling and walking) as well as the number of participants has increased many times. Methods: A geostatistical method, i.e., kriging, was used to check the distance-based relationship between agglomerations proximity and sporting events. The questionnaire surveys were used to determine the reasons for physical activity in the forest. Results: The analysis of the impact of the scope of the urban agglomerations on the number of organised physical activities proved that, in both cases (Warsaw and Tricity), most events take place in forests located close to these cities. The larger the distance to Warsaw or Tricity, the lower the number of sporting events and the lower the number of participants. The reasons why people take up physical activity are mainly to improve their health and physical condition, reduce stress and improve wellbeing. Conclusions: The conducted research indicates a significant increase in the importance of non-productive functions of forests located in the vicinity of urban agglomerations, as well as the need for continuous monitoring of actions taken by foresters to promote active lifestyles.
Janeczko; Roman Wójcik; Wojciech Kędziora; Małgorzata Woźnicka; Emilia Janeczko; Krzysztof Janeczko; Emilia Janeczko; Krzysztof Janeczko. Organised Physical Activity in the Forests of the Warsaw and Tricity Agglomerations, Poland. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 3961 .
AMA StyleJaneczko, Roman Wójcik, Wojciech Kędziora, Małgorzata Woźnicka, Emilia Janeczko, Krzysztof Janeczko, Emilia Janeczko, Krzysztof Janeczko. Organised Physical Activity in the Forests of the Warsaw and Tricity Agglomerations, Poland. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (20):3961.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJaneczko; Roman Wójcik; Wojciech Kędziora; Małgorzata Woźnicka; Emilia Janeczko; Krzysztof Janeczko; Emilia Janeczko; Krzysztof Janeczko. 2019. "Organised Physical Activity in the Forests of the Warsaw and Tricity Agglomerations, Poland." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 20: 3961.
This paper explores how urbanization processes, since the 1950s, affected forested areas in the Mazowiecki Landscape Park and determines if these processes resulted in a significant reduction of forest. Spatial analyses, which were used to generate very detailed data on the area of forests, agricultural land, and development areas, were carried out, and the spatial directions of the changes were determined. The results indicate that, in comparison to the 1950s, in the 1990s, the forest area did not decrease, but, in fact, increased, despite a significant increase in the development area, both in the present area of the park and in its buffer zone. This was due to the fact that new buildings were constructed in mainly agricultural areas. At the same time, intensive afforestation of weak soils, mainly inland dunes, was carried out in this area. Comparing the current period to the 1990s, further dynamic growth of the development area can be observed, especially in the park’s protective zone, with a simultaneous decrease in the forest area and agricultural land.
Emilia Janeczko; Radosław Dąbrowski; Joanna Budnicka-Kosior; Małgorzata Woźnicka. Influence of Urbanization Processes on the Dynamics and Scale of Spatial Transformations in the Mazowiecki Landscape Park. Sustainability 2019, 11, 3007 .
AMA StyleEmilia Janeczko, Radosław Dąbrowski, Joanna Budnicka-Kosior, Małgorzata Woźnicka. Influence of Urbanization Processes on the Dynamics and Scale of Spatial Transformations in the Mazowiecki Landscape Park. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (11):3007.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmilia Janeczko; Radosław Dąbrowski; Joanna Budnicka-Kosior; Małgorzata Woźnicka. 2019. "Influence of Urbanization Processes on the Dynamics and Scale of Spatial Transformations in the Mazowiecki Landscape Park." Sustainability 11, no. 11: 3007.
The article presents the results of the survey on the preferences of disabled people in wheelchairs for selected features recreational trails in the woods. The study was conducted in 2015, including a sample of 130 people older than 18 years, in Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovakia (52 interviews in Poland, 21 in the Czech Republic and 57 in Slovakia). Respondents were interviewed both at the premises of the organisation as well as by email. The questions in the survey were designed to determine the preferences of the respondents in terms of recreational trails in the forests concerned: the optimal length of the route, recreational and educational points along the distribution routes of and usability of different types of forest roads. The results show that there is quite a lot of differences between the preferences of respondents from each of the analysed countries. Respondents from the Poland and Slovakia prefer shorter routes for recreation in forests, with a greater incidence of recreational and educational points along the route, whilst respondents in the Czech Republic prefer far longer routes, with a relatively larger distance between recreational points. In all the analysed countries, people with disabilities attributed highest usefulness to asphalt surfaces, concrete surfaces or surfaces made of cobblestones. The surface evaluated lowest for usability was made of wood.
Emilia Janeczko; Mariana Jakubisová; Małgorzata Woźnicka; Jitka Fialova; Pavla Kotásková. Preferences of people with disabilities on wheelchairs in relation to forest trails for recreational in selected European countries. Folia Forestalia Polonica 2016, 58, 116 -122.
AMA StyleEmilia Janeczko, Mariana Jakubisová, Małgorzata Woźnicka, Jitka Fialova, Pavla Kotásková. Preferences of people with disabilities on wheelchairs in relation to forest trails for recreational in selected European countries. Folia Forestalia Polonica. 2016; 58 (3):116-122.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmilia Janeczko; Mariana Jakubisová; Małgorzata Woźnicka; Jitka Fialova; Pavla Kotásková. 2016. "Preferences of people with disabilities on wheelchairs in relation to forest trails for recreational in selected European countries." Folia Forestalia Polonica 58, no. 3: 116-122.
The article presents the methodological assumptions and the results of the assessment of the capacities of Roztoczański Park Narodowy (RPN). Evaluation was a result of the capacity of hiking trails and educational paths and capacity of the surface of recreational facilities located in the RPN. Measure of capacity assessment of recreational trails was their length, average speed of movement the user, the nature of tourism (individual tourists and groups) and living life paths. Results of the research can serve as a basis for identifying principles of tourism and recreational use of RPN.
Emilia Janeczko; Magdalena Gucma. The evaluation of the tourist capacity in the Roztoczański National Park. Folia Forestalia Polonica 2015, 57, 90 -95.
AMA StyleEmilia Janeczko, Magdalena Gucma. The evaluation of the tourist capacity in the Roztoczański National Park. Folia Forestalia Polonica. 2015; 57 (2):90-95.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmilia Janeczko; Magdalena Gucma. 2015. "The evaluation of the tourist capacity in the Roztoczański National Park." Folia Forestalia Polonica 57, no. 2: 90-95.
Małgorzata Woźnicka; Emilia Janeczko; Tadeusz Moskalik. Analysis of adaptation of selected forest recreational facilities to requirements of potential users. Folia Forestalia Polonica 2013, 55, 1 .
AMA StyleMałgorzata Woźnicka, Emilia Janeczko, Tadeusz Moskalik. Analysis of adaptation of selected forest recreational facilities to requirements of potential users. Folia Forestalia Polonica. 2013; 55 (3):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMałgorzata Woźnicka; Emilia Janeczko; Tadeusz Moskalik. 2013. "Analysis of adaptation of selected forest recreational facilities to requirements of potential users." Folia Forestalia Polonica 55, no. 3: 1.
Geographical studies and environment protection research
Emilia Janeczko. Formal and legal aspects of the forest landscape design in Poland. Forum geografic 2012, XI, 137 -144.
AMA StyleEmilia Janeczko. Formal and legal aspects of the forest landscape design in Poland. Forum geografic. 2012; XI (2):137-144.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmilia Janeczko. 2012. "Formal and legal aspects of the forest landscape design in Poland." Forum geografic XI, no. 2: 137-144.