Oriental Journal of Chemistry (OJC) is an International Research Journal of Pure And Applied Chemistry published by Oriental Scientific Publishing Co. in association with Techno Research Publishers, Bhopal. Oriental Journal of Chemistry (OJC) is an international open, free access pioneer research journal of pure and applied chemistry, entering in 28th year of its smooth publication, OJC is abstracted and indexed in worlds most reputed agencies, Research papers, reviews and notes are rapidly published online as well as print version, Ten reprints are supplied free of cost, we have a vast internal Editorial cum Advisory Board of distinguished scientists of chemical sciences

Gelatin crosslinking using conventional methods is usually associated with some toxic side effects. In this research, therefore, the vacuum heating method at 10 Pascal and 140C under different times of 8, 16, and 32h was used to cross-link strontium-loaded gelatin microparticles with varying degrees obtained by the oil/water mixing method on titanium scaffolds by the dip-coating method to avoid toxicity and also to control the strontium release rate to the surrounding tissue. The possible phases formed on the surface of the porous titanium scaffolds, the gelatin microparticle distribution, gelatin strontium loading, and strontium release were characterized using thin film X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) machines, respectively. The results indicated that at 600C, the rutile phase was formed on the surface of the heat-treated titanium scaffolds. Furthermore, strontium was successfully loaded in the spherical gelatin microparticles, and the strontium-loaded gelatin microparticles were distributed uniformly on the surface of the titanium scaffolds, while the rate of the in vitro strontium release decreased by increasing the time of the gelatin microparticle vacuum-heat crosslinking, whereas at the burst release step, the in vitro strontium release rates were around 5, 4.4, and 2.5ppm/h, for the 8, 16, and 32h vacuum-heat cross-linked gelatin microparticles, respectively.

Purpose: This paper aims to achieve phosphating via optimal features of Mg metal as a suitable base coating, which is considered for other properties such as barrier properties against the passage of several factors. Design/methodology/approach: In this research, in the phosphate bath, immersion time, temperature and the content of sodium nitrite as an accelerator were changed. Findings: As a result, increasing the immersion time of AZ31 Mg alloy samples in the phosphating bath as well as increasing the ratio of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) concentration to sodium nitrite concentration in the phosphating bath formulation increase the mass of phosphating formed per unit area of the Mg alloy. The results of the scanning electron microscope test showed phosphating is not completely formed in short immersion times, which is a thin and uneven layer. Research limitations/implications: Mg and its alloys are sensitive to galvanic corrosion, which would lead to generating several holes in the metal. As such, it causes a decrease in mechanical stability as well as an unfavorable appearance. Practical implications: Mg is used in several industries such as automobile and computer parts, mobile phones, astronaut compounds, sports goods and home appliances. Social implications: Nevertheless, Mg has high chemical reactivity, so an oxide-hydroxide layer is formed on its surface, which has a harmful effect on the adhesion and uniformity of the coating applied on Mg. Originality/value: By increasing the ratio of SDS concentration to sodium nitrite concentration in the phosphating bath, the corrosion resistance of the phosphating increases.

This study examined the surfaces of non-passivated and passivated tinplate samples, as well as the impurities present on them, using SEM, EDS, and GDOES. Additionally, solutions were analyzed using ICP in order to identify any correlations between the elements present in the solutions and on the strip surfaces. The results from GDOES indicated the presence of unwanted elements, such as Sn, S, Cr, N, P, Zn, Fe, Mn, C, and Si, on both the passivated and non-passivated sample surfaces. SEM analysis of the passivated sample revealed light and dark regions in parallel lines, which were observed ahead of the rolling direction. EDS analysis indicated that the light areas were rich in Sn while the dark areas were rich in Fe, and C was identified as an unwanted element in both areas. O and Cr were only found in the dark areas. EDS analysis of the impurities revealed Na, S, Cl, Ca, Mg, Si, N, and Al as unwanted elements. The results suggest that unwanted elements are transferred from the steel strip surface to different solutions in the tinplate line, causing pollution in various solutions.