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In many coastal areas, high numbers of recreationists may exceed ecological capacities. Careful monitoring of visitor flows is a first prerequisite for coastal area management. We show how AIS ship data can be translated into interpretable information on recreational boats and investigate whether AIS can provide monitoring information when compared to nature conservation policy targets. In the Wadden Sea UNESCO World Heritage Site we used nearly 9 million data points to create spatiotemporal patterns for the 2018 recreation season. We combined this with shipping lanes and bathymetry data and compared the resulting patterns with nature protection regulations. Our results show that most of the traffic is concentrated around tidal channels. We also show that exceeding speed limits is not predominant behaviour, but the effect of speeding on birds and seals might be more severe than the data suggests. We mapped favourite tidal flat moor activities, and observed where this occurs in Marine Protected Areas. We conclude that AIS analysis can provide valuable recreational boating monitoring, relevant to sensitive coastal area management in the entire Dutch Wadden Sea for the full recreational season. Broader integration of AIS with radar data and ecological data can add to the power of using AIS.
E.W. Meijles; M.N. Daams; B.J. Ens; J.H. Heslinga; F.J. Sijtsma. Tracked to protect - Spatiotemporal dynamics of recreational boating in sensitive marine natural areas. Applied Geography 2021, 130, 102441 .
AMA StyleE.W. Meijles, M.N. Daams, B.J. Ens, J.H. Heslinga, F.J. Sijtsma. Tracked to protect - Spatiotemporal dynamics of recreational boating in sensitive marine natural areas. Applied Geography. 2021; 130 ():102441.
Chicago/Turabian StyleE.W. Meijles; M.N. Daams; B.J. Ens; J.H. Heslinga; F.J. Sijtsma. 2021. "Tracked to protect - Spatiotemporal dynamics of recreational boating in sensitive marine natural areas." Applied Geography 130, no. : 102441.
Strong disciplinary academic fragmentation and sectoral division in policies lead to problems regarding the management of landscapes. As a result, there is a focus on the preservation and development of either cultural or natural landscapes. We argue that framing landscapes as “natural” or “cultural” will not help sustainable management. The goal of this paper is to show that even what is referred to as nature, virtually always features an intricate combination of physical geography, biology, and cultural history. It provides an analytical framework that visualizes the three forces at play in physical landscapes. Therefore, we introduce a diachronic triangular approach to study and manage landscapes from a holistic point of view, allowing an exchange of different perspectives. To test this approach, we have applied our model to a diachronic case study on Wadden Sea salt marshes. That area has been influenced by physical-geographical, biological, and cultural landscape forces, which are still visible in the landscape to a large extent. By placing different landscape zones in the triangular concept for different time periods, we can identify and visualize these driving forces through time for this specific landscape. These all play their specific roles in the appearance of the landscape over time in a close mutual interconnection. More importantly, we show that the diverse and complex interplay between these forces makes the current-day landscape what it is. We therefore conclude that the diachronic triangular approach provides a conceptual tool to define and operationalize landscape management in the Wadden Sea area. We welcome similar approaches in other landscapes to assess the usefulness of the diachronic triangular landscape approach.
Mans Schepers; Erik W. Meijles; Jan P. Bakker; Theo Spek. A Diachronic Triangular Perspective on Landscapes: a Conceptual Tool for Research and Management Applied to Wadden Sea Salt Marshes. Maritime Studies 2021, 1 -20.
AMA StyleMans Schepers, Erik W. Meijles, Jan P. Bakker, Theo Spek. A Diachronic Triangular Perspective on Landscapes: a Conceptual Tool for Research and Management Applied to Wadden Sea Salt Marshes. Maritime Studies. 2021; ():1-20.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMans Schepers; Erik W. Meijles; Jan P. Bakker; Theo Spek. 2021. "A Diachronic Triangular Perspective on Landscapes: a Conceptual Tool for Research and Management Applied to Wadden Sea Salt Marshes." Maritime Studies , no. : 1-20.
Since the 1990s, nature and water management policies have attempted to re-create natural rivers systems by mimicking curvy meandering planforms, based on the assumption that meandering is the natural channel-forming process. However, in low-energy river systems, the extent to which meandering plays a natural role is often minimal. This study aims to quantify contemporary lateral migration in the low-energy irregular sinuous lowland river system of the Drentsche Aa, The Netherlands, and to determine the factors influencing lateral channel migration in a heterogeneous valley fill. Although the river is classified as laterally immobile based on an empirical stability diagram, field observations prove that erosion and deposition are currently occurring. By analyzing historical and present-day maps, it was shown that lateral migration was highly spatially variable for the period 1924–2005. Sinuosity and valley gradient are not correlated to lateral migration rates, suggesting they are not a measure of lateral migration in the case study area, which is in line with the literature. Based on geomorphological and soil map analyses, it was shown that lateral migration rates are significantly higher in valley fills of aeolian sands than in clastic alluvial deposits, which on their turn are significantly higher than in peaty environments. Therefore, local conditions appear to be dominant over other factors such as stream power and bed grain size. These findings are important for river rehabilitation of low-energy rivers, because it shows that local valley fill conditions can greatly influence active lateral migration in the river.
Foeke Menting; Erik W. Meijles. Local Factors Determining Spatially Heterogeneous Channel Migration in a Low-Energy Stream. Water 2019, 11, 2149 .
AMA StyleFoeke Menting, Erik W. Meijles. Local Factors Determining Spatially Heterogeneous Channel Migration in a Low-Energy Stream. Water. 2019; 11 (10):2149.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFoeke Menting; Erik W. Meijles. 2019. "Local Factors Determining Spatially Heterogeneous Channel Migration in a Low-Energy Stream." Water 11, no. 10: 2149.
It is necessary to mobilize households so that they make changes to their everyday activities to address climate change. However, in the academic literature, there has been little focus on the perceived barriers to climate change action at the household level. Previous research has also highlighted a need for more studies in Latin America. This study contributes to the literature by filling these gaps. In a face-to-face and online survey administered in Nuevo Leon, Mexico, we asked participants what barriers impede their household from taking action to address climate change. Using thematic analysis, seven main barriers were identified: (i) everyday life; (ii) awareness of climate change; (iii) lack of perceived locus of control; (iv) physical limitations of the dwelling; (v) social, (vi) regulatory; and (vii) economic. Given the significant potential effects of climate change in the Nuevo Leon region, a better understanding of the barriers that prevent households from addressing climate change will inform the development of targeted guidelines and strategies to address changing climate.
D. Liliana González-Hernández; Erik W. Meijles; Frank Vanclay. Household Barriers to Climate Change Action: Perspectives from Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4178 .
AMA StyleD. Liliana González-Hernández, Erik W. Meijles, Frank Vanclay. Household Barriers to Climate Change Action: Perspectives from Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (15):4178.
Chicago/Turabian StyleD. Liliana González-Hernández; Erik W. Meijles; Frank Vanclay. 2019. "Household Barriers to Climate Change Action: Perspectives from Nuevo Leon, Mexico." Sustainability 11, no. 15: 4178.
Household-level mitigation and adaptation actions are important because households make a significant contribution to greenhouse gas emissions and are severely affected by climate change. However, there is still very little understanding of the factors that influence household-level mitigation and adaptation action. From a review of literature, we identified the factors that potentially influence climate mitigation and adaptation actions of households, which we then tested using survey data from 622 households in Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Nuevo Leon is a major emitter of greenhouse gasses and is a state where climate-related disasters are recurrent and expected to increase in frequency and severity. Results from ordinal regression analyses showed that perceived knowledge and financial self-efficacy greatly influenced the extent of household-level action taken. To a lesser extent, the age and educational level of the respondent also affected action. Respondents pointed out the need to know about different aspects of climate change. An implication of our study is the value of recognizing the importance of perceptions, as mitigation and adaptation actions are shaped by perceptions of climate change alongside socio-demographic characteristics. This may have significant implications for policies and campaigns promoting household-level action to increase resilience to climate change.
Dulce Liliana González-Hernández; Erik W. Meijles; Frank Vanclay. Factors that Influence Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Action: A Household Study in the Nuevo Leon Region, Mexico. Climate 2019, 7, 74 .
AMA StyleDulce Liliana González-Hernández, Erik W. Meijles, Frank Vanclay. Factors that Influence Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Action: A Household Study in the Nuevo Leon Region, Mexico. Climate. 2019; 7 (6):74.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDulce Liliana González-Hernández; Erik W. Meijles; Frank Vanclay. 2019. "Factors that Influence Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Action: A Household Study in the Nuevo Leon Region, Mexico." Climate 7, no. 6: 74.
Even though the societal and academic attention to geoparks is on the rise, there is a distinct absence of studies on communities and their perceptions of the landscapes institutionalized by geoparks. This paper contributes to the geopark literature by problematizing the geographical awareness, landscape associations and territorial identities of geopark inhabitants. Using a quantitative case study of UNESCO Geopark De Hondsrug (the Netherlands), the paper shows a complex image regarding the inhabitants' affinity with their living environment. At its initiation, the geopark did not build on the landscape associations of local inhabitants. Composite overlap mapping of mental maps drawn by inhabitants shows that the geopark incorporates an area that is substantially larger than the area interpreted by the inhabitants as constituting the Hondsrug. Nevertheless, the core area of the Hondsrug is recognized and lived by the majority of the people, providing a starting point for improving the community's support for the geopark's brand. We conclude that only when there is enough bottom-up recognition and embedding of the brand and its underlying landscape values, a geopark's narrative can be effectively built on for endogenous regional development purposes.
Arie Stoffelen; Peter Groote; Erik Meijles; Gerd Weitkamp. Geoparks and territorial identity: A study of the spatial affinity of inhabitants with UNESCO Geopark De Hondsrug, The Netherlands. Applied Geography 2019, 106, 1 -10.
AMA StyleArie Stoffelen, Peter Groote, Erik Meijles, Gerd Weitkamp. Geoparks and territorial identity: A study of the spatial affinity of inhabitants with UNESCO Geopark De Hondsrug, The Netherlands. Applied Geography. 2019; 106 ():1-10.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArie Stoffelen; Peter Groote; Erik Meijles; Gerd Weitkamp. 2019. "Geoparks and territorial identity: A study of the spatial affinity of inhabitants with UNESCO Geopark De Hondsrug, The Netherlands." Applied Geography 106, no. : 1-10.
Although the Netherlands has a long tradition of sea‐level research, no Holocene relative sea‐level curve is available for the north of the country. Previous studies hypothesized that the relative sea‐level reconstruction for the western Netherlands is also valid for the northern part of the country. However, glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) models predict a lower and steeper relative sea‐level curve because of greater postglacial isostatic subsidence. Long‐term data of relative sea‐level change are important to inform GIA models and understand postglacial vertical land motion related to the rebound of Fennoscandia and neotectonic activity. We compiled and evaluated a set of basal peat radiocarbon dates to reconstruct the Holocene relative mean sea‐level rise in the Dutch Wadden Sea area. For the early Holocene, this reconstruction is lower than the western Netherlands curve. After 6400 cal a BP, the curve for the Wadden Sea is statistically indistinguishable from that for the western Netherlands, a result that conflicts with GIA model results. It remains to be investigated whether the problem lies with the GIA model predictions or with the quality of the available data. Additional basal peat radiocarbon dates from suitable sites should be collected to further resolve this problem.
Erik W. Meijles; Patrick Kiden; Harm-Jan Streurman; Johannes Van Der Plicht; Peter C. Vos; W. Roland Gehrels; Robert E. Kopp. Holocene relative mean sea-level changes in the Wadden Sea area, northern Netherlands. Journal of Quaternary Science 2018, 33, 905 -923.
AMA StyleErik W. Meijles, Patrick Kiden, Harm-Jan Streurman, Johannes Van Der Plicht, Peter C. Vos, W. Roland Gehrels, Robert E. Kopp. Holocene relative mean sea-level changes in the Wadden Sea area, northern Netherlands. Journal of Quaternary Science. 2018; 33 (8):905-923.
Chicago/Turabian StyleErik W. Meijles; Patrick Kiden; Harm-Jan Streurman; Johannes Van Der Plicht; Peter C. Vos; W. Roland Gehrels; Robert E. Kopp. 2018. "Holocene relative mean sea-level changes in the Wadden Sea area, northern Netherlands." Journal of Quaternary Science 33, no. 8: 905-923.
Rising sea levels due to climate change can have severe consequences for coastal populations and ecosystems all around the world. Understanding and projecting sea-level rise is especially important for low-lying countries such as the Netherlands. It is of specific interest for vulnerable ecological and morphodynamic regions, such as the Wadden Sea UNESCO World Heritage region.Here we provide an overview of sea-level projections for the 21st century for the Wadden Sea region and a condensed review of the scientific data, understanding and uncertainties underpinning the projections. The sea-level projections are formulated in the framework of the geological history of the Wadden Sea region and are based on the regional sea-level projections published in the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC AR5). These IPCC AR5 projections are compared against updates derived from more recent literature and evaluated for the Wadden Sea region. The projections are further put into perspective by including interannual variability based on long-term tide-gauge records from observing stations at Den Helder and Delfzijl.We consider three climate scenarios, following the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs), as defined in IPCC AR5: the RCP2.6 scenario assumes that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions decline after 2020; the RCP4.5 scenario assumes that GHG emissions peak at 2040 and decline thereafter; and the RCP8.5 scenario represents a continued rise of GHG emissions throughout the 21st century. For RCP8.5, we also evaluate several scenarios from recent literature where the mass loss in Antarctica accelerates at rates exceeding those presented in IPCC AR5.For the Dutch Wadden Sea, the IPCC AR5-based projected sea-level rise is 0.07±0.06m for the RCP4.5 scenario for the period 2018–30 (uncertainties representing 5–95%), with the RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 scenarios projecting 0.01m less and more, respectively. The projected rates of sea-level change in 2030 range between 2.6mma−1for the 5th percentile of the RCP2.6 scenario to 9.1mma−1for the 95th percentile of the RCP8.5 scenario. For the period 2018–50, the differences between the scenarios increase, with projected changes of 0.16±0.12m for RCP2.6, 0.19±0.11m for RCP4.5 and 0.23±0.12m for RCP8.5. The accompanying rates of change range between 2.3 and 12.4mma−1in 2050. The differences between the scenarios amplify for the 2018–2100 period, with projected total changes of 0.41±0.25m for RCP2.6, 0.52±0.27m for RCP4.5 and 0.76±0.36m for RCP8.5. The projections for the RCP8.5 scenario are larger than the high-end projections presented in the 2008 Delta Commission Report (0.74m for 1990–2100) when the differences in time period are considered. The sea-level change rates range from 2.2 to 18.3mma−1for the year 2100.We also assess the effect of accelerated ice mass loss on the sea-level projections under the RCP8.5 scenario, as recent literature suggests...
Bert L.A. Vermeersen; Aimée B.A. Slangen; Theo Gerkema; Fedor Baart; Kim Cohen; Sönke Dangendorf; Matthias Duran-Matute; Thomas Frederikse; Aslak Grinsted; Marc P. Hijma; Svetlana Jevrejeva; Patrick Kiden; Marcel Kleinherenbrink; Erik Meijles; Matthew D. Palmer; Roelof Rietbroek; Riccardo Riva; Elisabeth Schulz; D. Cornelis Slobbe; Matthew J.R. Simpson; Paul Sterlini; Paolo Stocchi; Roderik S.W. van de Wal; Mick van der Wegen. Sea-level change in the Dutch Wadden Sea. Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 2018, 97, 79 -127.
AMA StyleBert L.A. Vermeersen, Aimée B.A. Slangen, Theo Gerkema, Fedor Baart, Kim Cohen, Sönke Dangendorf, Matthias Duran-Matute, Thomas Frederikse, Aslak Grinsted, Marc P. Hijma, Svetlana Jevrejeva, Patrick Kiden, Marcel Kleinherenbrink, Erik Meijles, Matthew D. Palmer, Roelof Rietbroek, Riccardo Riva, Elisabeth Schulz, D. Cornelis Slobbe, Matthew J.R. Simpson, Paul Sterlini, Paolo Stocchi, Roderik S.W. van de Wal, Mick van der Wegen. Sea-level change in the Dutch Wadden Sea. Netherlands Journal of Geosciences. 2018; 97 (3):79-127.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBert L.A. Vermeersen; Aimée B.A. Slangen; Theo Gerkema; Fedor Baart; Kim Cohen; Sönke Dangendorf; Matthias Duran-Matute; Thomas Frederikse; Aslak Grinsted; Marc P. Hijma; Svetlana Jevrejeva; Patrick Kiden; Marcel Kleinherenbrink; Erik Meijles; Matthew D. Palmer; Roelof Rietbroek; Riccardo Riva; Elisabeth Schulz; D. Cornelis Slobbe; Matthew J.R. Simpson; Paul Sterlini; Paolo Stocchi; Roderik S.W. van de Wal; Mick van der Wegen. 2018. "Sea-level change in the Dutch Wadden Sea." Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 97, no. 3: 79-127.
This paper illustrates the hillslope storm runoff mechanisms and the effects of livestock in upland areas. The research site was a small upland catchment area on Dartmoor (Southwest England). It was shown that overland flow on the tracks and paths created by animals in the area responded very rapidly to rainfall, in the same order of magnitude as stream runoff. Livestock stocking densities were significantly different in different vegetation compositions. The topsoil bulk density values, moisture content and spatial track densities were significantly higher in areas associated with higher stocking rates. These areas reach a wetness threshold at an earlier state than surrounding, drier areas. When isolated, the wetter areas start discharging water only locally into downslope drier areas, but are not contributing to storm runoff in the stream. In areas with a high density of animal tracks, water is being discharged onto the track directly. The tracks comprised an ephemeral hydrological network contributing storm runoff to the stream quickly after rainfall. They transmit water rapidly downhill, short‐circuiting local areas, reducing runoff lag time and increasing storm stream runoff. The runoff producing mechanism, in which soil conditions, vegetation types and path networks are a complex interplay of contributing factors, may be relevant to other uplands, especially when they act as water reservoir or source area for possible flooding events. Therefore, upland management policies need to take into account that the heterogeneity of hillslopes at local scales has implications for storm runoff at the catchment scale. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Erik W. Meijles; John F. Dowd; Andrew G. Williams; Catherine M. Heppell. Generation of storm runoff and the role of animals in a small upland headwater stream. Ecohydrology 2014, 8, 1312 -1325.
AMA StyleErik W. Meijles, John F. Dowd, Andrew G. Williams, Catherine M. Heppell. Generation of storm runoff and the role of animals in a small upland headwater stream. Ecohydrology. 2014; 8 (7):1312-1325.
Chicago/Turabian StyleErik W. Meijles; John F. Dowd; Andrew G. Williams; Catherine M. Heppell. 2014. "Generation of storm runoff and the role of animals in a small upland headwater stream." Ecohydrology 8, no. 7: 1312-1325.
In natural areas, park management organisations need to cater for economic, environmental, recreation and social demands and values. However, multifunctional land use also creates conflicts. Increased numbers of people using an area could exceed its ecological carrying capacity. The recreational quality of areas could be negatively impacted by conflicts in recreational behaviour. Therefore, park managers require spatio-temporal data on visitor flows, but there appears to be a shortage of suitable visitor data. If there are data available, these often do not deliver the information required by managers and there is little guidance on appropriate monitoring variables. This paper therefore combines user movement analysis with environmental and ecological factors for natural resource management. Through a case study we describe the entire working process from field data acquisition to usable park management information. GPS and itinerary data from 138 visitors to the Drents-Friese Wold National Park (the Netherlands) were collected to estimate visitor densities and distribution patterns within the park. Data acquisition is efficient in the working process, but careful error handling is a time consuming but necessary part of it. We introduce the definition of ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ errors to make spatial analysis more flexible. We show that walking speed, trip time and spatial distributions varied between park visitor groups. Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis showed that factors such as the presence of marked trails, distance to facilities but not land use (such as forest or arable land) explained visitor distributions. Patterns differ between respondent groups based on group size and composition, which is also true for itinerary variables such as walking speed and trip time. The combination of high resolution location data with itinerary information from respondents provides a good impression of the different walking preferences of different respondent groups. We conclude therefore that combining GPS data with itinerary information is a useful tool in profiling different natural park visitors. This is useful information for park managers in steering tourists and in catering for different visitor demands in natural parks.
E.W. Meijles; M. de Bakker; P.D. Groote; R. Barske. Analysing hiker movement patterns using GPS data: Implications for park management. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 2013, 47, 44 -57.
AMA StyleE.W. Meijles, M. de Bakker, P.D. Groote, R. Barske. Analysing hiker movement patterns using GPS data: Implications for park management. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems. 2013; 47 ():44-57.
Chicago/Turabian StyleE.W. Meijles; M. de Bakker; P.D. Groote; R. Barske. 2013. "Analysing hiker movement patterns using GPS data: Implications for park management." Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 47, no. : 44-57.
Erik W. Meijles; Andrew Williams. Observation of regional hydrological response during time periods of shifting policy. Applied Geography 2012, 34, 456 -470.
AMA StyleErik W. Meijles, Andrew Williams. Observation of regional hydrological response during time periods of shifting policy. Applied Geography. 2012; 34 ():456-470.
Chicago/Turabian StyleErik W. Meijles; Andrew Williams. 2012. "Observation of regional hydrological response during time periods of shifting policy." Applied Geography 34, no. : 456-470.
Drawing on experiences from a project conducted in the ‘Drentsche Aa’ area in the Netherlands, this article discusses the concept of the ‘rural atelier’ as a form of problem-based learning. The rural atelier principle was used originally in rural development planning and described as such by Foorthuis (2005) and Elerie and koopman (2008). Here, we discuss it in the context of landscape education. Experiences from a case study project are presented.
Erik Meijles; Bettina van Hoven. Using theRural Atelieras an Educational Method in Landscape Studies. Journal of Geography in Higher Education 2010, 34, 541 -560.
AMA StyleErik Meijles, Bettina van Hoven. Using theRural Atelieras an Educational Method in Landscape Studies. Journal of Geography in Higher Education. 2010; 34 (4):541-560.
Chicago/Turabian StyleErik Meijles; Bettina van Hoven. 2010. "Using theRural Atelieras an Educational Method in Landscape Studies." Journal of Geography in Higher Education 34, no. 4: 541-560.
M. M. Pulleman; J. Bouma; E. A. Van Essen; E. W. Meijles. Soil Organic Matter Content as a Function of Different Land Use History. Soil Science Society of America Journal 2000, 64, 689 -693.
AMA StyleM. M. Pulleman, J. Bouma, E. A. Van Essen, E. W. Meijles. Soil Organic Matter Content as a Function of Different Land Use History. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 2000; 64 (2):689-693.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. M. Pulleman; J. Bouma; E. A. Van Essen; E. W. Meijles. 2000. "Soil Organic Matter Content as a Function of Different Land Use History." Soil Science Society of America Journal 64, no. 2: 689-693.