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Carbon (C) budget at cropping systems has not only agronomic but also environmental relevance because of their contribution to both emissions and removals of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Ideally, sustainable orchards are expected to remove atmospheric CO2 at a rate greater than that of the emissions because of (i) optimized biology of the system and (ii) reduced on-site/offsite inputs sourced by the technosphere. However, such a computation might produce inconsistent results and in turn biased communication on sustainability of the cropping systems because C accounting framework(s) are used under unclear context. This study examined the sustainability of orchards in terms of impact on GHGs focusing its significance at the field, ecosystem and global dimension analyzing some operational aspects and limitations of existing frameworks (e.g., net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB), life cycle assessment (LCA)). Global relevance of sustainable orchard was also discussed considering the C sequestration at cropland as instructed by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The uniqueness of olive tree lifespan duration and C sequestration is discussed within the Product Environmental Footprint of agrifood product. The paper also highlighted overlapping components among the NECB, LCA and IPCC frameworks and the need for an integrated C accounting scheme for a more comprehensive and detailed mapping of sustainability in agriculture.
Giuseppe Montanaro; Davide Amato; Nunzio Briglia; Carlo Russo; Vitale Nuzzo. Carbon Fluxes in Sustainable Tree Crops: Field, Ecosystem and Global Dimension. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8750 .
AMA StyleGiuseppe Montanaro, Davide Amato, Nunzio Briglia, Carlo Russo, Vitale Nuzzo. Carbon Fluxes in Sustainable Tree Crops: Field, Ecosystem and Global Dimension. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):8750.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiuseppe Montanaro; Davide Amato; Nunzio Briglia; Carlo Russo; Vitale Nuzzo. 2021. "Carbon Fluxes in Sustainable Tree Crops: Field, Ecosystem and Global Dimension." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 8750.
Row crops represent the most important crops in terms of global cultivated area. Such crops include soybean, corn, wheat, rice, rapeseed, sunflower, and cotton. Row crops agriculture is generally an intensive system of farming used to obtain high yields by employing elevated quantities of organic and mineral fertilizers. Considering this, and the decrease in area of arable land, it becomes crucial to ensure high yield and quality using alternative strategies, such as the use of plant biostimulants. These compounds are increasingly recognized as sustainable solution to optimize nutrient uptake, crop yield, quality, and tolerance to abiotic stresses. In this work, by means of high-throughput plant phenotyping, we evaluated the effectiveness of a set of three new foliar biostimulant prototypes (coded as 52096, 52097, 52113) applied on corn and soybean at application rates 2.5 and 5 mL/L (corresponding to 1 and 2 L/ha respectively). This allowed us to select the most effective prototype (52097, commercial name “YieldOn®”) in increasing digital biovolume (DB) and greener area (GGA) either in soybean (both application rates) or corn (rate 5 mL/L) and decreasing Stress Index (SI) in soybean (both application rates). Molecular mechanism of action of selected prototype 52097 was subsequently characterized through Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). In corn, genes involved in hormone (cytokinin and auxin) metabolism/catabolism, maltose biosynthesis, sugar transport and phloem loading were upregulated after application of prototype 52097. In soybean, genes involved in nitrogen metabolism, metal ion transport (mainly zinc and iron), sulfate reduction, and amino acid biosynthesis were induced. The proposed approach supports the integration of multiple omics to open new perspectives in the discovery, evaluation, and development of innovative and sustainable solutions to meet the increasing needs of row-crops agriculture.
Nunzio Briglia; Angelo Petrozza; Frank A. Hoeberichts; Nathalie Verhoef; Giovanni Povero. Investigating the Impact of Biostimulants on the Row Crops Corn and Soybean Using High-Efficiency Phenotyping and Next Generation Sequencing. Agronomy 2019, 9, 761 .
AMA StyleNunzio Briglia, Angelo Petrozza, Frank A. Hoeberichts, Nathalie Verhoef, Giovanni Povero. Investigating the Impact of Biostimulants on the Row Crops Corn and Soybean Using High-Efficiency Phenotyping and Next Generation Sequencing. Agronomy. 2019; 9 (11):761.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNunzio Briglia; Angelo Petrozza; Frank A. Hoeberichts; Nathalie Verhoef; Giovanni Povero. 2019. "Investigating the Impact of Biostimulants on the Row Crops Corn and Soybean Using High-Efficiency Phenotyping and Next Generation Sequencing." Agronomy 9, no. 11: 761.