Purpose: Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common intraocular malignancy in adults developing liver metastases, threatening a patient's life. Current therapeutics failed to significantly improve the survival of patients with UM. Thus, the discovery of potent drugs is imminent. Methods: Integrated bioinformatic analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas and immunohistochemistry staining of patients' tissues revealed the oncogenic role of aurora kinase B (AURKB) in UM. Drug sensitivity assays and an orthotopic intraocular animal model were used to test the efficacy of AURKB inhibitors. RNA sequencing and immunoblotting were performed to identify the downstream effector. A chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was conducted to elucidate AURKB's transcriptional regulation on the target gene. Results: AURKB was found overexpressed in patients with UM, resulting in a poor prognosis. Luckily, the AURKB-specific inhibitor, hesperadin, achieved prominent pharmacological efficiency in UM in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, hesperadin compromised phosphorylation of histone H3 at serine 10 (H3S10ph) at the promoter of telomerase reverse transcriptase, accompanied by methylation of histone H3 at lysine 9. This methylated status of the promoter region forced chromatin condensation and consequently halted the transcription of telomerase reverse transcriptase. Conclusions: Collectively, our data demonstrated that AURKB inhibitors decelerated UM tumorigenesis by epigenetically silencing the expression of oncogenic telomerase reverse transcriptase, indicating AURKB as a potential therapeutic target in UM.

The integration of photothermal therapy and chemotherapy has been recognized to be an efficient strategy through the instant thermally ablation and long-term chemical inhibition, thus achieving high therapeutical effect. In the present work, we designed and prepared Cu₇S₄@SiO₂/DOX nanocomposites and used them as efficient nanoplatforms for synergistic photothermal-chemo therapy on melanoma tumors. The Cu₇S₄@SiO₂/DOX was constructed by firstly synthesizing Cu₇S₄ nanocrystals, then in situ growing SiO₂ shell on the surface of Cu₇S₄ nanocrystals, and finally loading DOX within SiO₂ shell. The Cu₇S₄@SiO₂/DOX was composed of Cu₇S₄ core as the photothermal transducer, SiO₂ shell as DOX carrier and DOX as the model of anticancer drug. Once exposed to a 1064 nm laser, the Cu₇S₄@SiO₂/DOX could simultaneous generate heat for photothermal therapy and accelerate the DOX release. When the Cu₇S₄@SiO₂/DOX was injected into the center of tumor, the tumor exhibit rapid temperature elevation once exposed to the NIR laser and the tumor growth is significantly inhibited through the synergistic photothermal-chemo therapy, in comparison to the limited therapeutical effect of photothermal therapy or chemotherapy alone. Therefore, the Cu₇S₄@SiO₂/DOX with photothermal-chemo function can be used as excellent nanoplatforms for treating solid tumor with high theoretical effect.

Orbital fractures, particularly of the medial and inferior walls, often require precise reconstruction to restore orbital volume and prevent enophthalmos, diplopia, and facial deformity. The selection of repair material, ranging from titanium meshes and porous polyethylene to resorbable polymers and tissue-engineered scaffolds, is therefore central to surgical success, yet a clinically oriented synthesis of the available options remains lacking. This study combines a bibliometric mapping with a focused review of repair materials to chart how the field has evolved and to clarify the relationship between material properties, fracture pattern, and treatment strategy. Literature published from 1990 to 2025 was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection and analyzed using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the R package “bibliometrix”; 1156 articles were included. The USA contributed the largest number of publications (272), followed by South Korea (124) and China (118), with the University of Helsinki (58 articles) and the Journal of Craniofacial Surgery (H-index 32) being the most productive institution and journal, respectively. Six thematic clusters were identified: biomaterial types, outcome prediction, complications, absorbable polymers, allografts, and surgical approaches. Keyword burst analysis highlighted emerging interests in “floor” (2021–2025) and “intraoperative navigation” (2022–2025). We further map these clusters onto concrete clinical scenarios: small orbital floor defects may be managed with resorbable polymers, whereas extensive, comminuted fractures or cases with severe enophthalmos require the rigid support of titanium or patient-specific implants (PSI). The field is progressing from conventional fixation toward computer-assisted planning, PSI, and bioactive tissue-engineered constructs. Future efforts should prioritize validating navigation-guided implantation for orbital floor reconstruction while advancing novel biomaterials that promote osteogenesis and minimize complications.