Improved knowledge of nutrient removals from harvesting is essential for the sustainable management of Moso bamboo forests. In particular, the growth and development of bamboo forests are considered to meet the increasing demand for biomass energy. In this study, plots with an 8 m width strip cut (SC) after five years of restoration were selected as the research object and the traditional management forest (CK) as the control. The nutrient content and biomass of Moso bamboo at different ages were studied and the nutrient storage was calculated. The results showed that five years after cutting, the soil nutrient content in different soil layers and the aboveground nutrient storage reached the same level as the CK. The nutrient ranking of each organ of Moso bamboo was nitrogen > potassium > phosphorus. The phosphorus content of bamboo culm in CK was significantly higher than that in SC at different ages (p < 0.05). The biomass accumulation of each organ of Moso bamboo was culm > branch > leaf. In addition, the relationship between nutrient storage and DBH and density in SC is a simple power form, and the coefficient of determination of most computational models is above 0.9. Our results demonstrated that strip cutting is more economical than traditional management, but nutrient addition is needed to improve the quality of new bamboo trees at the initial stage of recovery in consideration of long-term productivity maintenance.

Bamboo and broad-leaved mixed forests have been widely recognized for their advantages in maintaining ecological balance, improving soil fertility, and enhancing biodiversity. To understand the effects of mixed broad-leaved tree species and mixing ratios on soil microbial communities in bamboo and broad-leaved mixed forests, we quantified the structure and diversity responses of soil microbial communities to tree species and mixing ratios using high-throughput sequencing of the 16 S rRNA gene. Three bamboo and broad-leaved tree mixed forests were studied, including bamboo–Castanopsis chinensis Hance mixed forest (CCB), bamboo–Alniphyllum fortune (Hemsl.) Makino mixed forest (AFB), and bamboo–Choerospondias axillaris (Roxb.) B. L. Burtt & A. W. Hill mixed forest (CAB). We assessed the impact of tree species and mixing ratios on soil microbial communities by measuring soil properties and the diversity and composition of soil microbes. The results indicate that soil properties and the diversity and composition of microbial communities are highly dependent on broad-leaved tree species in mixed forests. The mixing ratios had a more pronounced effect on microbial diversity than on richness. In CAB, diversity peaked at mixing ratios of 10%–20% and 20%–40%. The presence of broad-leaved trees significantly altered the relationships among soil bacteria, with CAB showing the highest stability, likely due to the increased diversity and quantity of litter from Choerospondias axillaris. Our results show that the choice of broad-leaved tree species and their mixing ratios significantly influence soil microbial diversity and composition in bamboo–broad-leaf mixed forests. An optimal mixing ratio in CAB can maximize bacterial diversity and stability, providing insights for forest management and promoting ecosystem health and sustainability.