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For Ethiopia’s wheat production, drought is a major natural disaster. Exploration of drought-resistant varieties from a bulk of wheat germplasm conserved in the gene bank is of paramount importance for breeding climate change-resilient modern cultivars. The present study was aimed at identifying the best performing drought-resistant genotypes under non-stress and polyethylene glycol simulated (PEG) stress conditions in a growth chamber. Forty diverse Ethiopian bread and durum wheat cultivars along with three Chinese bread wheat cultivars possessing strong drought resistance and susceptibility were evaluated. After acclimation with the natural environment, the seedlings were imposed to severe drought stress (20% PEG6000), and 15 seedling traits including photosynthetic and free proline were investigated. Our findings indicated that drought stress caused a profound decline in plant water consumption (83.0%), shoot fresh weight (64.9%), stomatal conductance (61.6%), root dry weight (55.2%), and other investigated traits except root to shoot length ratio and proline content which showed a significant increase under drought stress. A significant and positive correlation was found between photosynthetic pigments in both growth conditions. Proline exhibited a negative correlation with most of the investigated traits except root to shoot length ratio and all photosynthetic pigments which showed a positive and non-significant association. Our result also showed a wide range of genetic variation (CV) ranging from 3.23% to 47.3%; the highest in shoot dry weight (SDW) (47.3%) followed by proline content (44.63%) and root dry weight (36.03%). Based on multivariate principal component biplot analysis and average sum of ranks (ASR), G12, G16 and G25 were identified as the best drought tolerant and G6, G42, G4, G11, and G9 as bottom five sensitive. The potential of these genotypes offers further investigation at a molecular and cellular level to identify the novel gene associated with the stress response.
Gizie Belay; Zhengbin Zhang; Ping Xu. Physio-Morphological and Biochemical Trait-Based Evaluation of Ethiopian and Chinese Wheat Germplasm for Drought Tolerance at the Seedling Stage. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4605 .
AMA StyleGizie Belay, Zhengbin Zhang, Ping Xu. Physio-Morphological and Biochemical Trait-Based Evaluation of Ethiopian and Chinese Wheat Germplasm for Drought Tolerance at the Seedling Stage. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4605.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGizie Belay; Zhengbin Zhang; Ping Xu. 2021. "Physio-Morphological and Biochemical Trait-Based Evaluation of Ethiopian and Chinese Wheat Germplasm for Drought Tolerance at the Seedling Stage." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4605.
Tillering is a crucial agronomic trait of wheat; it determines yield and plant architecture. Strigolactones (SLs) have been reported to inhibit plant branching. D14, a receptor of SLs, has been described to affect tillering in rice, yet it has seldomly been studied in wheat. In this study, three TaD14 homoeologous genes, TaD14-4A, TaD14-4B, and TaD14-4D, were identified. TaD14-4A, TaD14-4B, and TaD14-4D were constitutively expressed, and TaD14-4D had a higher expression level in most tissues. TaD14 proteins were localized in both cytoplasm and nucleus. An SNP and a 22 bp insertion/deletion (Indel) at the exon regions of TaD14-4D were detected, forming three haplotypes, namely 4D-HapI, 4D-HapII, and 4D-HapIII. Due to the frameshift mutation in the coding region of 4D-HapII, the interaction of 4D-HapII with TaMAX2 and TaD53 was blocked, which led to the blocking of SL signal transduction. Based on the two variation sites, two molecular markers, namely dCAPS-250 and Indel-747, were developed. Association analysis suggested that haplotypes of TaD14-4D were associated with effective tillering number (ETN) and thousand kernel weight (TKW) simultaneously in four environments. The favorable haplotype 4D-HapIII underwent positive selection in global wheat breeding. This study provides insights into understanding the function of natural variations of TaD14-4D and develops two useful molecular markers for wheat breeding.
Ruifang Liu; Jian Hou; Huifang Li; Ping Xu; Zhengbin Zhang; Xueyong Zhang. Association of TaD14-4D, a Gene Involved in Strigolactone Signaling, with Yield Contributing Traits in Wheat. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2021, 22, 3748 .
AMA StyleRuifang Liu, Jian Hou, Huifang Li, Ping Xu, Zhengbin Zhang, Xueyong Zhang. Association of TaD14-4D, a Gene Involved in Strigolactone Signaling, with Yield Contributing Traits in Wheat. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22 (7):3748.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRuifang Liu; Jian Hou; Huifang Li; Ping Xu; Zhengbin Zhang; Xueyong Zhang. 2021. "Association of TaD14-4D, a Gene Involved in Strigolactone Signaling, with Yield Contributing Traits in Wheat." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 7: 3748.
Tillage represents an important practice that is used to dynamically regulate soil properties, and affects the grain production process and resource use efficiency of crops. The objectives of this 3-year field study carried out in the Huang-Huai-Hai (HHH) Plain of China were to compare the effects of a new deep vertical rotary tillage (DVRT) with the conventional shallow rotary tillage (CT) on soil properties, winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency at different productivity levels, and to identify a comprehensive management that optimizes both grain yield and resource use efficiency in the HHH Plain. A split-plot design was adopted in field experiments in the winter wheat growing seasons of 2016–2017 (S1), 2017–2018 (S2) and 2018–2019 (S3), with DVRT (conducted once in June 2016) and CT performed in the main plots. Subplots were treated with one of four targeted productivity level treatments (SH, the super high productivity level; HH, the high productivity and high efficiency productivity level; FP, the farmer productivity level; ISP, the inherent soil productivity level). The results showed that the soil bulk density was reduced and the soil water content at the anthesis stage was increased in all three years, which were due to the significant effects of DVRT. Compared with CT, grain yields, partial factor productivity of nitrogen (PFPN), and water use efficiency (WUE) under DVRT were increased by 22.0, 14.5 and 19.0%. Path analysis and direct correlation decomposition uncovered that grain yield variation of winter wheat was mostly contributed by the spike numbers per area under different tillage modes. General line model analysis revealed that tillage mode played a significant role on grain yield, PFPN and WUE not only as a single factor, but also along with other factors (year and productivity level) in interaction manners. In addition, PFPN and WUE were the highest in HH under DVRT in all three growth seasons. These results provided a theoretical basis and technical support for coordinating the high yield with high resource use efficiency of winter wheat in the resource-restricted region in the HHH Plain of China.
Fen Wu; Li-Chao Zhai; Ping Xu; Zheng-Bin Zhang; Elamin Hafiz Baillo; Lemessa Negasa Tolosa; Roy Njoroge Kimotho; Xiu-Ling Jia; Hai-Qian Guo. Effects of deep vertical rotary tillage on the grain yield and resource use efficiency of winter wheat in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021, 20, 593 -605.
AMA StyleFen Wu, Li-Chao Zhai, Ping Xu, Zheng-Bin Zhang, Elamin Hafiz Baillo, Lemessa Negasa Tolosa, Roy Njoroge Kimotho, Xiu-Ling Jia, Hai-Qian Guo. Effects of deep vertical rotary tillage on the grain yield and resource use efficiency of winter wheat in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 2021; 20 (2):593-605.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFen Wu; Li-Chao Zhai; Ping Xu; Zheng-Bin Zhang; Elamin Hafiz Baillo; Lemessa Negasa Tolosa; Roy Njoroge Kimotho; Xiu-Ling Jia; Hai-Qian Guo. 2021. "Effects of deep vertical rotary tillage on the grain yield and resource use efficiency of winter wheat in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China." Journal of Integrative Agriculture 20, no. 2: 593-605.
Poor grain filling of inferior kernel of summer maize is a major challenge restricting grain yield of summer maize, especially under higher plant densities. Much work so far has proved that tillage practices could regulate soil properties and grain yield of maize effectively. In order to explore the effect of tillage practice on grain filling of inferior kernel of summer maize, field experiments were conducted over two consecutive years (2016–2017), and three tillage practices (T1, no tillage; T2, no tillage with subsoiling; T3, deep horizontal rotary tillage) were assessed. The grain filling parameter showed that final grain weight (A), the time reaching the maximum grain filling rate (Tmax), the dry matter accumulation under the maximum grain filling rate (Wmax), the mean grain filling rate (Gmean), and the active grain filling period (D) of T2 were usually higher than that of T1 and T3, and significant difference was observed between T2 and T1. Compared with T1, T2 and T3 reduced the soil bulk density and increased the soil porosity, and significantly increased the root dry matter accumulation in the 0–40 cm soil profile by 13.4% and 28.7%, respectively. Soil water content decreased among tillage practices in the order T2 > T1 > T3. However, T2 and T3 increased the water consumption, compared to that of T1. Moreover, T2 and T3 increased post-anthesis photosynthetic capacity, including the photosynthetic rate, leaf area duration, and chlorophyll content, and further improved the post-antheisis and total dry matter accumulation. The enzyme activities of SuSase, StSase, and ADPG-PPase of inferior and superior kernel in T2 and T3 were also higher than that of T1. In conclusion, the present results indicate that subsoiling could promote the grain filling of inferior kernel of summer maize by regulating soil water content, soil water consumption, and photosynthetic capacity.
Lichao Zhai; Zhanbiao Wang; Shijia Song; Lihua Zhang; Zhengbin Zhang; Xiuling Jia. Tillage practices affects the grain filling of inferior kernel of summer maize by regulating soil water content and photosynthetic capacity. Agricultural Water Management 2020, 245, 106600 .
AMA StyleLichao Zhai, Zhanbiao Wang, Shijia Song, Lihua Zhang, Zhengbin Zhang, Xiuling Jia. Tillage practices affects the grain filling of inferior kernel of summer maize by regulating soil water content and photosynthetic capacity. Agricultural Water Management. 2020; 245 ():106600.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLichao Zhai; Zhanbiao Wang; Shijia Song; Lihua Zhang; Zhengbin Zhang; Xiuling Jia. 2020. "Tillage practices affects the grain filling of inferior kernel of summer maize by regulating soil water content and photosynthetic capacity." Agricultural Water Management 245, no. : 106600.
The length of the sgRNA-DNA complementary sequence is a key factor influencing the cleavage activity of Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 (SpCas9) and its variants. The detailed mechanism remains unknown. Here, based on in vitro cleavage assays and base editing analysis, we demonstrate that reducing the length of this complementary region can confer nickase activity on SpCas9 and eSpCas9(1.1). We also show that these nicks are made on the target DNA strand. These properties encouraged us to develop a dual-functional system that simultaneously carries out double-strand DNA cleavage and C-to-T base conversions at separate targets. This system provides a novel tool for achieving trait stacking in plants.
Rong Fan; Zhuangzhuang Chai; SiNian Xing; Kunling Chen; Fengti Qiu; Tuanyao Chai; Jin-Long Qiu; Zhengbin Zhang; Huawei Zhang; Caixia Gao. Shortening the sgRNA-DNA interface enables SpCas9 and eSpCas9(1.1) to nick the target DNA strand. Science China Life Sciences 2020, 63, 1619 -1630.
AMA StyleRong Fan, Zhuangzhuang Chai, SiNian Xing, Kunling Chen, Fengti Qiu, Tuanyao Chai, Jin-Long Qiu, Zhengbin Zhang, Huawei Zhang, Caixia Gao. Shortening the sgRNA-DNA interface enables SpCas9 and eSpCas9(1.1) to nick the target DNA strand. Science China Life Sciences. 2020; 63 (11):1619-1630.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRong Fan; Zhuangzhuang Chai; SiNian Xing; Kunling Chen; Fengti Qiu; Tuanyao Chai; Jin-Long Qiu; Zhengbin Zhang; Huawei Zhang; Caixia Gao. 2020. "Shortening the sgRNA-DNA interface enables SpCas9 and eSpCas9(1.1) to nick the target DNA strand." Science China Life Sciences 63, no. 11: 1619-1630.
Plant growth, development, and productivity are adversely affected by environmental stresses such as drought (osmotic stress), soil salinity, cold, oxidative stress, irradiation, and diverse diseases. These impacts are of increasing concern in light of climate change. Noticeably, plants have developed their adaptive mechanism to respond to environmental stresses by transcriptional activation of stress-responsive genes. Among the known transcription factors, DoF, WRKY, MYB, NAC, bZIP, ERF, ARF and HSF are those widely associated with abiotic and biotic stress response in plants. Genome-wide identification and characterization analyses of these transcription factors have been almost completed in major solanaceous food crops, emphasizing these transcription factor families which have much potential for the improvement of yield, stress tolerance, reducing marginal land and increase the water use efficiency of solanaceous crops in arid and semi-arid areas where plant demand more water. Most importantly, transcription factors are proteins that play a key role in improving crop yield under water-deficient areas and a place where the severity of pathogen is very high to withstand the ongoing climate change. Therefore, this review highlights the role of major transcription factors in solanaceous crops, current and future perspectives in improving the crop traits towards abiotic and biotic stress tolerance and beyond. We have tried to accentuate the importance of using genome editing molecular technologies like CRISPR/Cas9, Virus-induced gene silencing and some other methods to improve the plant potential in giving yield under unfavorable environmental conditions.
Lemessa Negasa Tolosa; Zhengbin Zhang. The Role of Major Transcription Factors in Solanaceous Food Crops under Different Stress Conditions: Current and Future Perspectives. Plants 2020, 9, 56 .
AMA StyleLemessa Negasa Tolosa, Zhengbin Zhang. The Role of Major Transcription Factors in Solanaceous Food Crops under Different Stress Conditions: Current and Future Perspectives. Plants. 2020; 9 (1):56.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLemessa Negasa Tolosa; Zhengbin Zhang. 2020. "The Role of Major Transcription Factors in Solanaceous Food Crops under Different Stress Conditions: Current and Future Perspectives." Plants 9, no. 1: 56.
In field conditions, crops are adversely affected by a wide range of abiotic stresses including drought, cold, salt, and heat, as well as biotic stresses including pests and pathogens. These stresses can have a marked effect on crop yield. The present and future effects of climate change necessitate the improvement of crop stress tolerance. Plants have evolved sophisticated stress response strategies, and genes that encode transcription factors (TFs) that are master regulators of stress-responsive genes are excellent candidates for crop improvement. Related examples in recent studies include TF gene modulation and overexpression approaches in crop species to enhance stress tolerance. However, much remains to be discovered about the diverse plant TFs. Of the >80 TF families, only a few, such as NAC, MYB, WRKY, bZIP, and ERF/DREB, with vital roles in abiotic and biotic stress responses have been intensively studied. Moreover, although significant progress has been made in deciphering the roles of TFs in important cereal crops, fewer TF genes have been elucidated in sorghum. As a model drought-tolerant crop, sorghum research warrants further focus. This review summarizes recent progress on major TF families associated with abiotic and biotic stress tolerance and their potential for crop improvement, particularly in sorghum. Other TF families and non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression are discussed briefly. Despite the emphasis on sorghum, numerous examples from wheat, rice, maize, and barley are included. Collectively, the aim of this review is to illustrate the potential application of TF genes for stress tolerance improvement and the engineering of resistant crops, with an emphasis on sorghum.
Elamin Baillo; Roy Kimotho; Zhengbin Zhang; Ping Xu. Transcription Factors Associated with Abiotic and Biotic Stress Tolerance and Their Potential for Crops Improvement. Genes 2019, 10, 771 .
AMA StyleElamin Baillo, Roy Kimotho, Zhengbin Zhang, Ping Xu. Transcription Factors Associated with Abiotic and Biotic Stress Tolerance and Their Potential for Crops Improvement. Genes. 2019; 10 (10):771.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElamin Baillo; Roy Kimotho; Zhengbin Zhang; Ping Xu. 2019. "Transcription Factors Associated with Abiotic and Biotic Stress Tolerance and Their Potential for Crops Improvement." Genes 10, no. 10: 771.
Maize (Zea mays L.) is a principal cereal crop cultivated worldwide for human food, animal feed, and more recently as a source of biofuel. However, as a direct consequence of water insufficiency and climate change, frequent occurrences of both biotic and abiotic stresses have been reported in various regions around the world, and recently, this has become a constant threat in increasing global maize yields. Plants respond to abiotic stresses by utilizing the activities of transcription factors (TFs), which are families of genes coding for specific TF proteins. TF target genes form a regulon that is involved in the repression/activation of genes associated with abiotic stress responses. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to have a systematic study on each TF family, the downstream target genes they regulate, and the specific TF genes involved in multiple abiotic stress responses in maize and other staple crops. In this review, the main TF families, the specific TF genes and their regulons that are involved in abiotic stress regulation will be briefly discussed. Great emphasis will be given on maize abiotic stress improvement throughout this review, although other examples from different plants like rice, Arabidopsis, wheat, and barley will be used. We have described in detail the main TF families in maize that take part in abiotic stress responses together with their regulons. Furthermore, we have also briefly described the utilization of high-efficiency technologies in the study and characterization of TFs involved in the abiotic stress regulatory networks in plants with an emphasis on increasing maize production. Examples of these technologies include next-generation sequencing, microarray analysis, machine learning, and RNA-Seq. In conclusion, it is expected that all the information provided in this review will in time contribute to the use of TF genes in the research, breeding, and development of new abiotic stress tolerant maize cultivars.
Roy Njoroge Kimotho; Elamin Baillo; Zhengbin Zhang. Transcription factors involved in abiotic stress responses in Maize (Zea mays L.) and their roles in enhanced productivity in the post genomics era. PeerJ 2019, 7, e7211 .
AMA StyleRoy Njoroge Kimotho, Elamin Baillo, Zhengbin Zhang. Transcription factors involved in abiotic stress responses in Maize (Zea mays L.) and their roles in enhanced productivity in the post genomics era. PeerJ. 2019; 7 ():e7211.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoy Njoroge Kimotho; Elamin Baillo; Zhengbin Zhang. 2019. "Transcription factors involved in abiotic stress responses in Maize (Zea mays L.) and their roles in enhanced productivity in the post genomics era." PeerJ 7, no. : e7211.
Background: Maize (Zea mays L.) is a principal cereal crop cultivated worldwide for human food, animal feed, and more recently as a source of biofuel. However, as a direct consequence of water insufficiency and climate change, frequent occurrences of both biotic and abiotic stresses have been reported in different regions around the world, and recently, this has become a major threat in increasing global maize yields. Plants respond to abiotic stresses by utilizing the activity of transcription factors, which are families of genes coding for specific transcription factor proteins whose target genes form a regulon which is involved in the repression/ activation of genes associated with abiotic stress responses. Therefore, it is of uttermost importance to have a systematic study on each family of the transcription factors, the downstream target genes they regulate, and the specific transcription factor genes which are involved in multiple abiotic stress responses in maize and other main crops. Method: In this review, the main transcription factor families, the specific transcription factor genes and their regulons which are involved in abiotic stress regulation will be momentarily discussed. Great emphasis will be given on maize abiotic stress improvement throughout this review, although other examples from other plants like rice, Arabidopsis, wheat, and barley will be used. Results: We have described in detail the main transcription factor families in maize which take part in abiotic stress responses together with their regulons. Furthermore, we have also briefly described the utilization of high-efficiency technologies in the study and characterization of TFs involved in the abiotic stress regulatory networks in plants with an emphasis on increasing maize production. Examples of these technologies include next-generation sequencing, microarray analysis, machine learning and RNA-Seq technology. Conclusion: In conclusion, it is hoped that all the information provided in this review may in time contribute to the use of TF genes in the research, breeding, and development of new abiotic stress tolerant maize cultivars.
Roy Njoroge Kimotho; Elamin Hafiz Baillo; Zhengbin Zhang. Transcription factors involved in abiotic stress responses in maize (Zea mays L.) and their roles in enhanced productivity in the post genomics era. 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleRoy Njoroge Kimotho, Elamin Hafiz Baillo, Zhengbin Zhang. Transcription factors involved in abiotic stress responses in maize (Zea mays L.) and their roles in enhanced productivity in the post genomics era. . 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoy Njoroge Kimotho; Elamin Hafiz Baillo; Zhengbin Zhang. 2019. "Transcription factors involved in abiotic stress responses in maize (Zea mays L.) and their roles in enhanced productivity in the post genomics era." , no. : 1.
Bio-water saving can be defined as the reduction of crop water consumption employing biological measures. This is the focus of efforts to save water in agriculture. Different levels of water-use efficiency (WUE) have been developed. The genetic diversity of WUE has been confirmed in several crops. WUE is the basis of bio-watering and physiological WUE is the key. The degree to develop physiological WUE potential decides the performance of bio-watering in the field. During this process, fine management is important. Thus bio-watering is closely related to WUE. Crop WUE has improved and evolved as a result of breeding programs. Many WUE genes have been located in different genomic and aneuploid materials and have been mapped by various molecular markers in a number of crops. Two genes, (Erecta and alx8), which control water use efficiency; have been cloned in Arabidopsis thaliana. Eleven WUE genes have been identified by microarray analysis. Six genes associated with drought resistance and photosynthesis have been transfered into crops which have resulted in improving WUE and drought resistance. WUE is important on the basis of functional identification of more drought resistant gene resources. The popularity on the industrial-scale of transgenic plants is still in its infancy and one of the reasons for this is the lack of knowledge regarding molecular mechanisms and it is a very immature technology. Enhanced agricultural practices and the theoretical aspects of improving crop WUE have been developed and are discussed in this review paper. Rapid progress will be made in bio-water savings and that crop WUE can be substantially improved under both favorable and unfavorable water-limited environments. This will be achieved by a combination of traditional breeding techniques and the introduction of modern biotechnology
Zhang Zhengbin; Xu Ping; Shao Hongbo; Liu Mengjun; Fu Zhenyan; Chu Liye. Advances and prospects: Biotechnologically improving crop water use efficiency. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology 2010, 31, 281 -293.
AMA StyleZhang Zhengbin, Xu Ping, Shao Hongbo, Liu Mengjun, Fu Zhenyan, Chu Liye. Advances and prospects: Biotechnologically improving crop water use efficiency. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology. 2010; 31 (3):281-293.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang Zhengbin; Xu Ping; Shao Hongbo; Liu Mengjun; Fu Zhenyan; Chu Liye. 2010. "Advances and prospects: Biotechnologically improving crop water use efficiency." Critical Reviews in Biotechnology 31, no. 3: 281-293.
Unfavourable environment brings many kinds of stresses to plants. To survive such stresses, efficient resistance is required for the plants. Multifunctional genes enable the cross-talk among the various abiotic stress resistance systems. This paper reviews the action mechanisms of multifunctional genes. These genes can be classified into three groups: genes encoding diverse proteins through mRNA splicing (e.g. AOX in rice); genes like BADH, P5CS and HAV that control drought, salinity, osmotic and heat stress resistance; and a gene family, for example AQP, controlling transport of many compounds including water and nutrients. These genes participate in signal sensing and transduction, transcriptional regulation and functional gene activation during stress resistance induction. Furthermore, it should be noted that, under abiotic stresses, the regulation cascades are mutually interdependent and there also exists a close correlation between those cascades and normal plant growth and development.
X. J. Hu; Z. B. Zhang; P. Xu; Z. Y. Fu; S. B. Hu; W. Y. Song. Multifunctional genes: the cross-talk among the regulation networks of abiotic stress responses. Biologia plantarum 2010, 54, 213 -223.
AMA StyleX. J. Hu, Z. B. Zhang, P. Xu, Z. Y. Fu, S. B. Hu, W. Y. Song. Multifunctional genes: the cross-talk among the regulation networks of abiotic stress responses. Biologia plantarum. 2010; 54 (2):213-223.
Chicago/Turabian StyleX. J. Hu; Z. B. Zhang; P. Xu; Z. Y. Fu; S. B. Hu; W. Y. Song. 2010. "Multifunctional genes: the cross-talk among the regulation networks of abiotic stress responses." Biologia plantarum 54, no. 2: 213-223.
The objective of this study was to locate chromosomes for improving water and phosphorus-deficiency tolerance of wheat at the seedling stage. A set of Chinese Spring- Egyptian Red wheat substitution lines and their parent Chinese Spring (recipient) and Egyptian Red (donor) cultivars were measured to determine the chromosomal locations of genes controlling water use efficiency (WUE) and phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) under different water and phosphorus conditions. The results underlined that chromosomes 1A, 7A, 7B, and 3A showed higher leaf water use efficiency (WUEl = Pn/Tr; Pn = photosynthetic rate; Tr = transpiration rate) under W-P (Hoagland solution with1/2P), -W-P (Hoagland solution with 1/2P and 10% PEG). Chromosomes 7A, 3D, 2B, 3B, and 4B may carry genes for positive effects on individual plant water use efficiency (WUEp = biomass/TWC; TWC = total water consumption) under WP (Hoagland solution), W-P and -W-P treatment. Chromosomes 7A and 7D carry genes for PUE enhancement under WP, -WP (Hoagland solution with 10% PEG) and W-P treatment. Chromosome 7A possibly has genes for controlling WUE and PUE simultaneously, which indicates that WUE and PUE may share the same genetic background. Phenotypic and genetic analysis of the investigated traits showed that photosynthetic rate (Pn) and transpiration rate (Tr), Tr and WUEl showed significant positive and negative correlations under WP, W-P, -WP and -W-P, W-P, -WP treatments, respectively. Dry mass (DM), WUEP, PUT (phosphorus uptake) all showed significant positive correlation under WP, W-P and -WP treatment. PUE and phosphorus uptake (PUT = P uptake per plant) showed significant negative correlation under the four treatments. The results might provide useful information for improving WUE and PUE in wheat genetics.
Hong-Xing Cao; Zheng-Bin Zhang; Cheng-Xu Sun; Hong-Bo Shao; Wei-Yi Song; Ping Xu. Chromosomal Location of Traits Associated with Wheat Seedling Water and Phosphorus Use Efficiency under Different Water and Phosphorus Stresses. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2009, 10, 4116 -4136.
AMA StyleHong-Xing Cao, Zheng-Bin Zhang, Cheng-Xu Sun, Hong-Bo Shao, Wei-Yi Song, Ping Xu. Chromosomal Location of Traits Associated with Wheat Seedling Water and Phosphorus Use Efficiency under Different Water and Phosphorus Stresses. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2009; 10 (9):4116-4136.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHong-Xing Cao; Zheng-Bin Zhang; Cheng-Xu Sun; Hong-Bo Shao; Wei-Yi Song; Ping Xu. 2009. "Chromosomal Location of Traits Associated with Wheat Seedling Water and Phosphorus Use Efficiency under Different Water and Phosphorus Stresses." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 10, no. 9: 4116-4136.