Using cross-sectional panel data over eleven years (2009–2019), or 1001 firm-year observations, this study examines the relationship between capital structure and firm performance of service sector firms from Australian stock market. Unlike other studies, in this study directional causalities of all performance measures were used to identify the cause of firm performance. The study finds that long-term debt dominates debt choices of Australian service sector companies. Although the finding is to some extent similar to trends in debt financed operations observed in companies in developed and developing countries, the finding is unexpected because the sectoral and institutional borrowing rules and regulations in Australia are different from those in other parts of the world.

Consumption-based CO₂ emission (CBE) accounting shows the possibility of global carbon leakage. Very little attention has been paid to the amount of emissions related to the consumption of products and services and their impact on sustainable development goals (SDGs), especially in the SAARC region. This study used a CBE accounting method to measure the CO₂ emissions of five major SAARC member countries. Additionally, a Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) and a causality model were used to investigate the long-term effects of the CBE and SDG variables between 1972 and 2015. The results showed that household consumption contributed more than 62.39% of CO₂ emissions overall in the SAARC region. India had the highest household emissions, up to 37.27%, and Nepal contributed the lowest, up to 0.61%. The total imported emissions were the greatest in India (16.88 Gt CO₂) and Bangladesh (15.90 Gt CO₂). At the same time, the results for the long-term relationships between the CBEs and SDGs of the SAARC region showed that only the combustible renewables and waste (CRW) variable is significant for most of these countries. The sharing of the responsibility for emissions between suppliers and customers could encourage governments and policymakers to make global climate policy and sustainable development decisions, which are currently stalled by questions over geographical and past emission inequities.

This paper investigates the impact of the LEGO® Serious Play simulation technique on accounting students’ learning outcomes. Data is from a stratified random sample of undergraduate accounting students at a leading higher education institution in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) emerging market. This paper uses parametric statistical analysis techniques to test the study hypothesis. The empirical findings indicate significant differences between LEGO® Serious Play simulation and traditional learning techniques on students’ learning outcomes. More specifically, the use of LEGO® Serious Play simulation significantly improves accounting students’ higher-level learning outcomes, such as Analysis skills. In comparison, the traditional teaching technique attains a significant positive impact on accounting students’ lower-level learning outcomes such as Knowledge and Application skills. The Comprehension learning skills showed no significant difference between the two teaching methods. This paper highlights the importance of alternative instructional approaches to enhance accounting students’ learning outcomes and support accounting educators teaching activities.

Aim – This empirical study explores the association between competition, business strategy, and the uses of a multiple performance measurement system in Bangladesh manufacturing firms. Design/methodology – The study uses a questionnaire survey of 50 manufacturing companies. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis and other descriptive statistics. Findings – The results suggest that greater emphasis on multiple measures for performance evaluation is associated with businesses that are facing high competition. The practices of multiple performance measures are also significantly related to the types of business strategy being followed. Specifically, firms pursuing a prospector strategy have relied more on multiple performance measures to rate business performance than the firms pursuing a defender strategy. Practical implications – The article notes that the designers of performance measurement systems need to consider contingent factors that affect an organizations’ control system. Originality/value – Substantiating the connection between contingent variables and the use of multiple performance measures in manufacturing firms facilitate a better acceptance of firms’ tendency toward new measurement tools. The study contributes to the performance measurement and contingency literature since it presents empirical evidence of the state of multiple performance measures with organizational contingent variables using a developing country's manufacturing sector data.32 page(s

This paper critically assesses the current state of the literature and sets an agenda for future research on Corporate Reporting Transparency Quality (CRTQ) in formal corporate reporting. Employing a systematic literature review approach that follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) model and analysing a total of 70 papers, 65 from top‐ranked journals and five from peer‐reviewed journals published between May 2002 and May 2025, the analysis reveals the absence of a clear and universally accepted definition of CRTQ. This highlights the need to broaden the conceptual scope to encompass financial, governance, operational, social, environmental and risk dimensions. The findings further emphasise the importance of adopting multiple theoretical perspectives to capture the multifaceted nature of CRTQ. Existing studies predominantly rely on disclosure indices that measure the quantity over its quality of information, exposing a critical gap in the literature and demonstrating the need for a multidimensional framework for comprehensive CRTQ assessment. Through a systematic synthesis of existing knowledge and the identification of key theoretical, methodological and empirical gaps on CRTQ, this review offers valuable insights and directions for academics, practitioners and regulators committed to enhancing CRTQ.