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Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum), a sugar crop commonly grown for sugar production all over the world, is susceptible to several insect pests attack in addition to bacterial, fungal and viral infections leading to substantial reductions in its yield. The complex genetic makeup and lack of resistant genes in genome of sugarcane have made the conventional breeding a difficult and challenging task for breeders. Using pesticides for control of the attacking insects can harm beneficial insects, human and other animals and the environment as well. As alternative and effective strategy for control of insect pests, genetic engineering has been applied for overexpression of cry proteins, vegetative insecticidal proteins (vip), lectins and proteinase inhibitors (PI). In addition, the latest biotechnological tools such as host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) and CRISPR/Cas9 can be employed for sustainable control of insect pests in sugarcane. In this review overexpression of the cry, vip, lectins and PI genes in transgenic sugarcane and their disease resistance potential is described.
Aneela Iqbal; Raham Sher Khan; Mubarak Ali Khan; Karim Gul; Fazal Jalil; Daud Ali Shah; Hazir Rahman; Talaat Ahmed. Genetic Engineering Approaches for Enhanced Insect Pest Resistance in Sugarcane. Molecular Biotechnology 2021, 63, 557 -568.
AMA StyleAneela Iqbal, Raham Sher Khan, Mubarak Ali Khan, Karim Gul, Fazal Jalil, Daud Ali Shah, Hazir Rahman, Talaat Ahmed. Genetic Engineering Approaches for Enhanced Insect Pest Resistance in Sugarcane. Molecular Biotechnology. 2021; 63 (7):557-568.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAneela Iqbal; Raham Sher Khan; Mubarak Ali Khan; Karim Gul; Fazal Jalil; Daud Ali Shah; Hazir Rahman; Talaat Ahmed. 2021. "Genetic Engineering Approaches for Enhanced Insect Pest Resistance in Sugarcane." Molecular Biotechnology 63, no. 7: 557-568.
The current pandemic has caused chaos throughout the world. While there are few vaccines available now, there is the need for better treatment alternatives in line with preventive measures against COVID-19. Along with synthetic chemical compounds, phytochemicals cannot be overlooked as candidates for drugs against severe respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The important role of secondary metabolites or phytochemical compounds against coronaviruses has been confirmed by studies that reported the anti-coronavirus role of glycyrrhizin from the roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra. The study demonstrated that glycyrrhizin is a very promising phytochemical against SARS-CoV, which caused an outbreak in 2002–2003. Similarly, many phytochemical compounds (apigenin, betulonic acid, reserpine, emodin, etc.) were isolated from different plants such as Isatis indigotica, Lindera aggregate, and Artemisia annua and were employed against SARS-CoV. However, owing to the geographical and seasonal variation, the quality of standard medicinal compounds isolated from plants varies. Furthermore, many of the important medicinal plants are either threatened or on the verge of endangerment because of overharvesting for medicinal purposes. Therefore, plant biotechnology provides a better alternative in the form of in vitro culture technology, including plant cell cultures, adventitious roots cultures, and organ and tissue cultures. In vitro cultures can serve as factories of secondary metabolites/phytochemicals that can be produced in bulk and of uniform quality in the fight against COVID-19, once tested. Similarly, environmental and molecular manipulation of these in vitro cultures could provide engineered drug candidates for testing against COVID-19. The in vitro culture-based phytochemicals have an additional benefit of consistency in terms of yield as well as quality. Nonetheless, as the traditional plant-based compounds might prove toxic in some cases, engineered production of promising phytochemicals can bypass this barrier. Our article focuses on reviewing the potential of the different in vitro plant cultures to produce medicinally important secondary metabolites that could ultimately be helpful in the fight against COVID-19.
Tariq Khan; Mubarak Ali Khan; Kashmala Karam; Nazif Ullah; Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani; Akhtar Nadhman. Plant in vitro Culture Technologies; A Promise Into Factories of Secondary Metabolites Against COVID-19. Frontiers in Plant Science 2021, 12, 610194 .
AMA StyleTariq Khan, Mubarak Ali Khan, Kashmala Karam, Nazif Ullah, Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani, Akhtar Nadhman. Plant in vitro Culture Technologies; A Promise Into Factories of Secondary Metabolites Against COVID-19. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2021; 12 ():610194.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTariq Khan; Mubarak Ali Khan; Kashmala Karam; Nazif Ullah; Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani; Akhtar Nadhman. 2021. "Plant in vitro Culture Technologies; A Promise Into Factories of Secondary Metabolites Against COVID-19." Frontiers in Plant Science 12, no. : 610194.
Silybum marianum L. commonly known as milk thistle is a medicinally potent plant with a multitude of pharmacological applications. The present investigations demonstrated the effects of Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on callus growth and biosynthesis of silymarin in milk thistle under various light conditions. The callus cultures developed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal media containing ZnO NPs (0.15 mg/L), under the dark condition maintained for two weeks, followed by transference into normal light produced the maximum callus fresh weight (2294 mg/L FW). Further, the metabolite profiling revealed that ZnO NPs significantly augmented the production of silymarin and upregulated the antioxidant system in the callus cultures. Maximum TPC (total phenolic content: 37 ± 0.20 mg/g DW), TFC (total flavonoid content: 8.9 ± 0.023), DPPH antioxidant activity (91.5 ± 1.75%), Superoxide dismutase activity (SOD: 4.1 ± 0.045 nM/min/mg FW) and the highest silymarin content (14.6 ± 0.023 mg/g DW) were recorded in the callus cultures developed on MS media supplemented with solitary ZnO NPs (0.15 mg/L). While the callus culture evolved in presence of only PGRs (2,4 D and BA: 2 mg/L, each) accumulated the lesser fresh weight (562 mg/L FW). A higher concentration of ZnO NPs (0.15 mg/L) enhanced the secondary metabolite accumulation and silymarin content in the callus of Silybum marianum. This is the first standardized protocol to be applied on the industrial level for the production of silymarin.
Muhammad Aamir Shehzad; Mubarak Ali Khan; Amir Ali; Sher Mohammad; Ahmed Noureldeen; Hadeer Darwish; Asif Ali; Ayaz Ahmad; Tariq Khan; Raham Sher Khan. Interactive effects of zinc oxide nano particles and different light regimes on growth and silymarin biosynthesis in callus cultures of Silybum marianum L. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology 2021, 49, 523 -535.
AMA StyleMuhammad Aamir Shehzad, Mubarak Ali Khan, Amir Ali, Sher Mohammad, Ahmed Noureldeen, Hadeer Darwish, Asif Ali, Ayaz Ahmad, Tariq Khan, Raham Sher Khan. Interactive effects of zinc oxide nano particles and different light regimes on growth and silymarin biosynthesis in callus cultures of Silybum marianum L. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology. 2021; 49 (1):523-535.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Aamir Shehzad; Mubarak Ali Khan; Amir Ali; Sher Mohammad; Ahmed Noureldeen; Hadeer Darwish; Asif Ali; Ayaz Ahmad; Tariq Khan; Raham Sher Khan. 2021. "Interactive effects of zinc oxide nano particles and different light regimes on growth and silymarin biosynthesis in callus cultures of Silybum marianum L." Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology 49, no. 1: 523-535.
There are numerous trials underway to find treatment for the COVID-19 through testing vaccines as well as existing drugs. Apart from the many synthetic chemical compounds, plant-based compounds could provide an array of \suitable candidates for testing against the virus. Studies have confirmed the role of many plants against respiratory viruses when employed either as crude extracts or their active ingredients in pure form. The purpose of this review article is to highlight the importance of phytomedicine against COVID-19. The main aim is to review the mechanistic aspects of most important phytochemical compounds that have showed potential against coronaviruses. Glycyrrhizin from the roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra has shown promising potential against the previously epidemic coronavirus, SARS-CoV. Other important plants such as Artemisia annua, Isatis indigotica, Lindera aggregate, Pelargonium sidoides, and Glychirrhiza spp. have been employed against SARS-CoV. Active ingredients (e.g. emodin, reserpine, aescin, myricetin, scutellarin, apigenin, luteolin, and betulonic acid) have shown promising results against the coronaviruses. Phytochemicals have demonstrated activity against the coronaviruses through mechanisms such as viral entry inhibition, inhibition of replication enzymes and virus release blockage. However, compared to synthetic drugs, phytomedicine are mechanistically less understood and should be properly evaluated before application. Nonetheless, phytochemicals reduce the tedious job of drug discovery and provide a less time-consuming alternative for drug testing. Therefore, along with other drugs currently tested against COVID-19, plant-based drugs should be included for speedy development of COVID-19 treatment.
Tariq Khan; Mubarak Ali Khan; Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani; Nazif Ullah; Akhtar Nadhman. Therapeutic potential of medicinal plants against COVID-19: The role of antiviral medicinal metabolites. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 2020, 31, 101890 -101890.
AMA StyleTariq Khan, Mubarak Ali Khan, Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani, Nazif Ullah, Akhtar Nadhman. Therapeutic potential of medicinal plants against COVID-19: The role of antiviral medicinal metabolites. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology. 2020; 31 ():101890-101890.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTariq Khan; Mubarak Ali Khan; Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani; Nazif Ullah; Akhtar Nadhman. 2020. "Therapeutic potential of medicinal plants against COVID-19: The role of antiviral medicinal metabolites." Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 31, no. : 101890-101890.
Application of nanomaterials is becoming the most effective strategy of elicitation to produce a desirable level of plant biomass with complex medicinal compounds. This study was, designed to check the influence of commercial iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) on physical growth characteristics, antioxidant status and production of steviol glycosides of in vitro grown Stevia rebaudiana. Results indicated that lower concentrations of FeNPs (45 µg/L) had a positive influence on morphological growth parameters. At a higher dose (90, and 135 µg/L) FeNPs in culture media were found detrimental to growth characteristics and development. Furthermore, the stress caused by FeNPs at 135 µg/L in cultures produced higher levels of total phenolic content (3.2 ± 0.042 mg/g dry weight: DW), total flavonoid content (1.6 ± 0.022 mg/g DW and antioxidant activity (73 ± 4.6%). In addition, plants grown in the presence of FeNPs at 90 µg/L resulted in higher enzymatic antioxidant activities (SOD = 3.2 ± 0.042 U/mg; POD = 2.1 ± 0.026 U/mg; CAT = 2.6 ± 0.034 U/mg and APx = 3.3 ± 0.043 U/mg), respectively. Furthermore, exposure to a low dose of FeNPs (45 µg/L) exhibited the maximum amount of stevioside (stevioside: 4.2 ± 0.058 mg/g (DW) and rebaudioside A: 4.9 ± 0.068 mg/g DW) as compared to high doses. The current investigation confirms the effectiveness of FeNPs in growth media and offers a suitable prospect for commercially desirable production of S. rebaudiana biomass with higher sweet glycosides profiles in vitro.
Mubarak Ali Khan; Amir Ali; Sher Mohammad; Huma Ali; Tariq Khan; Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani; Asif Jan; Pervaiz Ahmad. Iron nano modulated growth and biosynthesis of steviol glycosides in Stevia rebaudiana. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) 2020, 143, 121 -130.
AMA StyleMubarak Ali Khan, Amir Ali, Sher Mohammad, Huma Ali, Tariq Khan, Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani, Asif Jan, Pervaiz Ahmad. Iron nano modulated growth and biosynthesis of steviol glycosides in Stevia rebaudiana. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC). 2020; 143 (1):121-130.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMubarak Ali Khan; Amir Ali; Sher Mohammad; Huma Ali; Tariq Khan; Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani; Asif Jan; Pervaiz Ahmad. 2020. "Iron nano modulated growth and biosynthesis of steviol glycosides in Stevia rebaudiana." Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) 143, no. 1: 121-130.
Linum usitatissimum commonly known as flax or linseed is an important medicinal plant, produces medicinally potent lignans, used in the treatment of several human diseases. Lignans limited production in the natural plants does not meet the increasing market demand. This study was conducted to establish an easy and rapid method for the in vitro micropropagation and production of potent lignans and antioxidant secondary metabolites in linseed. The results indicated that hypocotyl explants under the effects of thidiazuron (TDZ: 0.5 mg/L) + kinetin (Kn: 0.5 mg/L) in the basal growth media, resulted in the optimal shoot organogenesis parameters (shoot induction frequency: 86.87%, number of shoots: 6.3 ± 0.36 and shoots length: 6.5 ± 0.54 cm), in 4 weeks. Further, TDZ supplementation in the culture media efficiently activated the antioxidant system in the in vitro raised shoots, wherein maximum production of total phenolic content, TPC (34.33 ± 0.20 mg of GAE/g DW); total flavonoid content, TFC (8.99 ± 0.02 mg of QE/g DW); DPPH free radical scavenging activity (92.7 ± 1.32%); phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity, PAL (8.99 ± 0.02 U/g FW); and superoxide dismutase expression, SOD (3.62 ± 0.01 nM/min/mg FW) were observed in the shoot cultures raised in presence of TDZ: 0.5 mg/L + Kn: 0.5 mg/L. Nonetheless, considerable levels of pharmacologically active lignans such as secoisolariciresinol (SECO: 23.13–37.10 mg/g DW), secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG: 3.32–3.86 mg/g DW) and anhydrosecoisolariciresinol diglucoside (ANHSECO: 5.15–7.94 mg/g DW) were accumulated in the regenerated shoots. This protocol can be scaled up for the commercial production of linseed to meet the market demands for lignans.
Irfan Khan; Mubarak Ali Khan; Muhammad Amir Shehzad; Amir Ali; Sher Mohammad; Huma Ali; Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni; Parvaiz Ahmad. Micropropagation and Production of Health Promoting Lignans in Linum usitatissimum. Plants 2020, 9, 728 .
AMA StyleIrfan Khan, Mubarak Ali Khan, Muhammad Amir Shehzad, Amir Ali, Sher Mohammad, Huma Ali, Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni, Parvaiz Ahmad. Micropropagation and Production of Health Promoting Lignans in Linum usitatissimum. Plants. 2020; 9 (6):728.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIrfan Khan; Mubarak Ali Khan; Muhammad Amir Shehzad; Amir Ali; Sher Mohammad; Huma Ali; Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni; Parvaiz Ahmad. 2020. "Micropropagation and Production of Health Promoting Lignans in Linum usitatissimum." Plants 9, no. 6: 728.
Diabetes and cancer are common diseases worldwide with terrific effect on human health. In the present study, a high valued medicinal plant Artemisia carvifolia Buch was subjected for evaluation of anticancer and antidiabetic potential. Previously produced rolB and rolC gene transgenic plants of A. carvifolia were also compared with the wild type plant for a differential count of cytotoxicity and antidiabetic activity. Lowest IC50 values were shown by rolB transgenic line TB4 for alpha-glucosidase (838.6 μg/ml), alpha-amylase (742.8 μg/ml) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (1300 μg/ml) in contrast to the wild type plant which showed IC50 values of 1608.4 μg/ml for alpha-glucosidase, 1973.8 μg/ml for alpha-amylase and 1800 μg/ml for dipeptidyl peptidase-4. Among rolC transgenic plants, TC1 showed lowest IC50 value i.e. 873 μg/ml for alpha-glucosidase, 747.7 μg/ml for alpha-amylase and 1400 μ/ml for dipeptidyl peptidase-4. Viability of the cancer cells including HeLA, HePG2 and MCF7 decreased to 80% when treated with methanolic extract of the plant and it decreased to 70% when treated with n-hexane extract. Cytotoxic effect was found more enhanced when cells were treated with both the extracts combined, showing synergism between flavonoids and artemisinin. RolB transformants showed slightly better activity than the rolC transformants which were found superior in activity than the wild type plant. Metabolite profiling by ESI/MS-TOF showed the involvement of significant plant secondary compounds in antidiabetic and anticancer potential in the extracts of transgenic lines. Vital amino acids, substantial phenylpropanoids and important phytochemicals were detected at a higher level in rolB and rolC transgenic plants than wild type plants.
Erum Dilshad; Hammad Ismail; Mubarak Ali Khan; Rosa Maria Cusido; Bushra Mirza. Metabolite profiling of Artemisia carvifolia Buch transgenic plants and estimation of their anticancer and antidiabetic potential. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 2020, 24, 101539 .
AMA StyleErum Dilshad, Hammad Ismail, Mubarak Ali Khan, Rosa Maria Cusido, Bushra Mirza. Metabolite profiling of Artemisia carvifolia Buch transgenic plants and estimation of their anticancer and antidiabetic potential. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology. 2020; 24 ():101539.
Chicago/Turabian StyleErum Dilshad; Hammad Ismail; Mubarak Ali Khan; Rosa Maria Cusido; Bushra Mirza. 2020. "Metabolite profiling of Artemisia carvifolia Buch transgenic plants and estimation of their anticancer and antidiabetic potential." Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 24, no. : 101539.
Stevia rebaudiana is a vital medicinal plant of the genus Stevia and family Asteraceae. It is commonly used as a natural sweetener plant and its products are 300 times sweeter than the commonly used sugarcane. The sweetening potential is due to the presence of calorie-free steviol glycosides (SGs). The plant species has been extensively profiled to identify steviol glycosides (SGs) with intensity sweetening properties. However, the limited production of plant material is not fulfilling the higher market demand worldwide. Researchers are working worldwide to enhance the production of important SGs through the intervention of different biotechnological approaches in S. rebaudiana. In this review, the research work conducted in the last twenty years, on the different aspects of biotechnology to enhance the production of SGs has been precisely reviewed. Biotechnological methods such as micropropagation, callus and cell cultures, elicitation and the metabolomics and transcriptomic elucidation of the biosynthetic metabolic pathways for the production of steviol glycosides have been concisely reviewed and discussed.
Abeer Kazmi; Mubarak Ali Khan; Sher Mohammad; Amir Ali; Huma Ali. Biotechnological Production of Natural Calorie Free Steviol Glycosides in Stevia rebaudiana: An Update on Current Scenario. Current Biotechnology 2020, 8, 70 -84.
AMA StyleAbeer Kazmi, Mubarak Ali Khan, Sher Mohammad, Amir Ali, Huma Ali. Biotechnological Production of Natural Calorie Free Steviol Glycosides in Stevia rebaudiana: An Update on Current Scenario. Current Biotechnology. 2020; 8 (2):70-84.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbeer Kazmi; Mubarak Ali Khan; Sher Mohammad; Amir Ali; Huma Ali. 2020. "Biotechnological Production of Natural Calorie Free Steviol Glycosides in Stevia rebaudiana: An Update on Current Scenario." Current Biotechnology 8, no. 2: 70-84.
The escalating economic growth, urbanization and globalization over the last three decades have resulted in the huge production and consumption of electronic devices and appliances all over the world. This has caused an alarming situation of the disposition of electronic waste (e-waste) from the used and discarded electronic products to the environment, which can adversely affect the ecosystem and health of the humans. Management, treatment and recycling of e-waste become crucial to prevent the serious environmental complications and diseases. Among the several methods for treatment of e-waste, phytoremediation is of vital importance, which involves the application of plants and vegetation for the remediation of e-waste contaminants. Phytoremediation technology is a cost-effective green technology known for its optimal results on-site and is considered as environment-friendly and generally socially acceptable. The success of phytoremediation technology is by virtue of some unique plants which possess selective capabilities such as uptake of the metals by roots, translocation through stem and bioaccumulation in the leaves. In this chapter, we have described in detail the process of phytoremediation as a suitable and sustainable method for remediation of e-waste contaminants including heavy metals and other hazardous substances. Further, a mechanistic overview of the process of phytoremediation technology for treatment of e-waste has been elucidated to highlight the functional role of phytochemicals of plants in contaminants removal through phytoremediation.
Mubarak Ali Khan; Nazif Ullah; Tariq Khan; Muhsin Jamal; Naseer Ali Shah; Huma Ali. Phytoremediation of Electronic Waste: A Mechanistic Overview and Role of Plant Secondary Metabolites. Soil Biology 2019, 233 -252.
AMA StyleMubarak Ali Khan, Nazif Ullah, Tariq Khan, Muhsin Jamal, Naseer Ali Shah, Huma Ali. Phytoremediation of Electronic Waste: A Mechanistic Overview and Role of Plant Secondary Metabolites. Soil Biology. 2019; ():233-252.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMubarak Ali Khan; Nazif Ullah; Tariq Khan; Muhsin Jamal; Naseer Ali Shah; Huma Ali. 2019. "Phytoremediation of Electronic Waste: A Mechanistic Overview and Role of Plant Secondary Metabolites." Soil Biology , no. : 233-252.
Abeer Kazmi; Mubarak Ali Khan; Sher Mohammad; Amir Ali; Atif Kamil; Mohammad Arif; Huma Ali. Elicitation directed growth and production of steviol glycosides in the adventitious roots of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Industrial Crops and Products 2019, 139, 1 .
AMA StyleAbeer Kazmi, Mubarak Ali Khan, Sher Mohammad, Amir Ali, Atif Kamil, Mohammad Arif, Huma Ali. Elicitation directed growth and production of steviol glycosides in the adventitious roots of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Industrial Crops and Products. 2019; 139 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbeer Kazmi; Mubarak Ali Khan; Sher Mohammad; Amir Ali; Atif Kamil; Mohammad Arif; Huma Ali. 2019. "Elicitation directed growth and production of steviol glycosides in the adventitious roots of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni." Industrial Crops and Products 139, no. : 1.
The limited production of bioactive essential oils in natural plants does not meet the increasing worldwide market demand. Plant cell culture technology can be used for the higher production of industrially important essential oils. In the present study, a suitable method for production of essential oils was developed through establishment and elicitation of adventitious roots (AR) in a medicinally important plant Artemisia amygdalina D. The results indicated that leaf explants cultured on solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with 1.0 mg/L α- naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 4% sucrose instigated the higher AR induction frequency (90 ± 4.25) and maximum AR biomass (fresh biomass: 17.7 g/L). Furthermore, in the AR when transiently elicited with different elicitors for different time periods, methyl jasmonate (Me-J: 0.5 mg/L) resulted in the higher production of total phenolic content (TPC: 3.6 mg), total flavonoid content (TFC: 2.3 mg) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL: 4.8 U/g×FW) activity, respectively. Nonetheless, considerable levels of the major bioactive compounds such as α-thujene (6.8%), α-pinene (8.3%), 1,8-cineole (16.2%), camphor (8.4%) and verbenole (10.2%) were recorded in the Me-J treated AR. Thus, a feasible protocol for production of essential oils through AR in A. amygdalina was established, which can be exploited for commercial production of the industrially important terpenes.
Faqeer Taj; Mubarak Ali Khan; Huma Ali; Raham Sher Khan. Improved Production of Industrially Important Essential Oils Through Elicitation in the Adventitious Roots of Artemisia amygdalina. Plants 2019, 8, 430 .
AMA StyleFaqeer Taj, Mubarak Ali Khan, Huma Ali, Raham Sher Khan. Improved Production of Industrially Important Essential Oils Through Elicitation in the Adventitious Roots of Artemisia amygdalina. Plants. 2019; 8 (10):430.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFaqeer Taj; Mubarak Ali Khan; Huma Ali; Raham Sher Khan. 2019. "Improved Production of Industrially Important Essential Oils Through Elicitation in the Adventitious Roots of Artemisia amygdalina." Plants 8, no. 10: 430.
The worldwide focus on research in the field of green nanotechnology has resulted in the environmentally and biologically safe applications of a diversity of nanomaterials. Nanotechnology, in general, implies the production of nanoparticles having different but regular shapes, sizes, and properties. A lot of studies have been conducted on the synthesis of metal nanoparticles through biological, chemical, and physical methods. Owing to its safety, both environmental and in vivo, as well as the ease of synthesis, biogenic routes especially the plant-based synthesis of metal nanoparticles has been preferred as the best strategy. Among the metal nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles are recognized as the most potent, biocompatible and environment-friendly. A decade of research work has attempted the production of gold nanoparticles mediated by different parts of various plants. Further, these nanoparticles have been engineered through modification in the sizes and shapes for attaining enhanced activity and optimal performance in many different applications including biomedical, antimicrobial, diagnostics and environmental applications. This article reviews the fabrication strategies for gold nanoparticles via plant-based routes and highlights the diversity of the applications of these materials in bio-nanotechnology. The review article also highlights the recent developments in the synthesis and optical properties of gold nanoparticles.
Tariq Khan; Nazif Ullah; Mubarak Ali Khan; Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani; Akhtar Nadhman. Plant-based gold nanoparticles; a comprehensive review of the decade-long research on synthesis, mechanistic aspects and diverse applications. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 2019, 272, 102017 .
AMA StyleTariq Khan, Nazif Ullah, Mubarak Ali Khan, Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani, Akhtar Nadhman. Plant-based gold nanoparticles; a comprehensive review of the decade-long research on synthesis, mechanistic aspects and diverse applications. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science. 2019; 272 ():102017.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTariq Khan; Nazif Ullah; Mubarak Ali Khan; Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani; Akhtar Nadhman. 2019. "Plant-based gold nanoparticles; a comprehensive review of the decade-long research on synthesis, mechanistic aspects and diverse applications." Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 272, no. : 102017.
In the present study, four different natural compounds including quercetin, gallic acid, rutin, and lupeol were studied for their anti-leishmanial potentials with anticipated mechanism of action through in vitro and in silico approaches. Results showed that rutin was exceedingly active (IC50; 91.2 µg/ml) against the promastigote form of Leishmania tropica compared to quercetin (IC50; 182.3 µg/ml), gallic acid (IC50; 198.00 µg/ml) and lupeol (IC50; 200.77 µg/ml). Similarly, rutin was highly active against the amastigote form as well, followed by quercetin, gallic acid and lupeol with IC50 values of 101.3 µg/ml, 137.4 µg/ml, 277.2 µg/ml, and 298.9 µg/ml, respectively. These compounds were found to be nontoxic to human blood erythrocytes even at the highest concentration (1000 µg/ml) tested. Rutin and lupeol showed promising DNA degradation/fragmentation activity against the DNA of treated promastigotes which increased with the increase in concentration of the compounds. The in silico investigation revealed that these ligands have high affinity with the important catalytic residues of trypanothione reductase (Try-R) where, rutin showed the lowest docking score (i.e., − 6.191) followed by lupeol (− 5.799), gallic acid and quercetin. In case of ligands’ interaction with trypanothione synthetase (Try-S), rutin again showed highest interaction with docking score of − 6.601 followed by quercetin (− 4.996), lupeol and gallic acid. The ADMET prediction of these compounds showed that all the parameters were within the acceptable range as defined for human use while molecular dynamics simulation supported the good interaction of quercetin and rutin against both enzymes. These findings suggest that the studied compounds may control leishmanial growth via DNA damage and inhibiting Try-R and Try-S, the two unique but critical enzymes for leishmania growth.
Shaila Mehwish; Huma Khan; Ashfaq Ur Rehman; Asif Ullah Khan; Mubarak Ali Khan; Obaid Hayat; Mansoor Ahmad; Abdul Wadood; Nazif Ullah. Natural compounds from plants controlling leishmanial growth via DNA damage and inhibiting trypanothione reductase and trypanothione synthetase: an in vitro and in silico approach. 3 Biotech 2019, 9, 1 -14.
AMA StyleShaila Mehwish, Huma Khan, Ashfaq Ur Rehman, Asif Ullah Khan, Mubarak Ali Khan, Obaid Hayat, Mansoor Ahmad, Abdul Wadood, Nazif Ullah. Natural compounds from plants controlling leishmanial growth via DNA damage and inhibiting trypanothione reductase and trypanothione synthetase: an in vitro and in silico approach. 3 Biotech. 2019; 9 (8):1-14.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShaila Mehwish; Huma Khan; Ashfaq Ur Rehman; Asif Ullah Khan; Mubarak Ali Khan; Obaid Hayat; Mansoor Ahmad; Abdul Wadood; Nazif Ullah. 2019. "Natural compounds from plants controlling leishmanial growth via DNA damage and inhibiting trypanothione reductase and trypanothione synthetase: an in vitro and in silico approach." 3 Biotech 9, no. 8: 1-14.
Abeer Kazmi; Mubarak Ali Khan; Huma Ali. Biotechnological approaches for production of bioactive secondary metabolites in Nigella sativa:¬ an up-to-date review. International Journal of Secondary Metabolite 2019, 6, 172 -195.
AMA StyleAbeer Kazmi, Mubarak Ali Khan, Huma Ali. Biotechnological approaches for production of bioactive secondary metabolites in Nigella sativa:¬ an up-to-date review. International Journal of Secondary Metabolite. 2019; 6 (2):172-195.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbeer Kazmi; Mubarak Ali Khan; Huma Ali. 2019. "Biotechnological approaches for production of bioactive secondary metabolites in Nigella sativa:¬ an up-to-date review." International Journal of Secondary Metabolite 6, no. 2: 172-195.
Nanotechnology is a multipurpose field that has diverse applications in almost every field of science. Nanotechnology provides substantial opportunities for the scientists working in Plant sciences and Agricultural biotechnology to develop and adopt new methods and tools for improvement of commercially important plants and crops. Nanotechnology might improve the existing functions of plants and can also add some novel features and traits. It contributes further, new ideas that may lead us to understand the suitable mode of action of nanoparticles in plants. It is important to elucidate appropriately the physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanism of interaction of nanoparticles with plant cell, for better plant growth and development. In this chapter, we have described and discussed the recent research work carried out by different research laboratories worldwide, on the impact of nanomaterials on plant cell growth, physiology, secondary metabolism, antioxidant system and biosynthesis of important compounds in plants/crops.
Mubarak Ali Khan; Tariq Khan; Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani; Muhammad Suleman Riaz; Nazif Ullah; Huma Ali; Akhtar Nadhman. Plant cell nanomaterials interaction: Growth, physiology and secondary metabolism. Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs): Analytical Techniques, Environmental Fate and Biological Effects 2019, 23 -54.
AMA StyleMubarak Ali Khan, Tariq Khan, Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani, Muhammad Suleman Riaz, Nazif Ullah, Huma Ali, Akhtar Nadhman. Plant cell nanomaterials interaction: Growth, physiology and secondary metabolism. Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs): Analytical Techniques, Environmental Fate and Biological Effects. 2019; ():23-54.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMubarak Ali Khan; Tariq Khan; Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani; Muhammad Suleman Riaz; Nazif Ullah; Huma Ali; Akhtar Nadhman. 2019. "Plant cell nanomaterials interaction: Growth, physiology and secondary metabolism." Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs): Analytical Techniques, Environmental Fate and Biological Effects , no. : 23-54.
Shaila Mehwish; Arshad Islam; Ikram Ullah; Abdul Wakeel; Muhammad Qasim; Mubarak Ali Khan; Ayaz Ahmad; Nazif Ullah. In vitro antileishmanial and antioxidant potential, cytotoxicity evaluation and phytochemical analysis of extracts from selected medicinally important plants. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 2019, 19, 1 .
AMA StyleShaila Mehwish, Arshad Islam, Ikram Ullah, Abdul Wakeel, Muhammad Qasim, Mubarak Ali Khan, Ayaz Ahmad, Nazif Ullah. In vitro antileishmanial and antioxidant potential, cytotoxicity evaluation and phytochemical analysis of extracts from selected medicinally important plants. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology. 2019; 19 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShaila Mehwish; Arshad Islam; Ikram Ullah; Abdul Wakeel; Muhammad Qasim; Mubarak Ali Khan; Ayaz Ahmad; Nazif Ullah. 2019. "In vitro antileishmanial and antioxidant potential, cytotoxicity evaluation and phytochemical analysis of extracts from selected medicinally important plants." Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 19, no. : 1.
Natural antimicrobial peptides have been shown as one of the important tools to combat certain pathogens and play important role as a part of innate immune system in plants and, also adaptive immunity in animals. Defensin is one of the antimicrobial peptides with a diverse nature of mechanism against different pathogens like viruses, bacteria and fungi. They have a broad function in humans, vertebrates, invertebrates, insects, and plants. Plant defensins primarily interact with membrane lipids for their biological activity. Several antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been overexpressed in plants for enhanced disease protection. The plants defensin peptides have been efficiently employed as an effective strategy for control of diseases in plants. They can be successfully integrated in plants genome along with some other peptide genes in order to produce transgenic crops for enhanced disease resistance. This review summarizes plant defensins, their expression in plants and enhanced disease resistance potential against phytopathogens.
Raham Sher Khan; Aneela Iqbal; Radia Malak; Kashmala Shehryar; Syeda Attia; Talaat Ahmed; Mubarak Ali Khan; Muhammad Arif; Masahiro Mii. Plant defensins: types, mechanism of action and prospects of genetic engineering for enhanced disease resistance in plants. 3 Biotech 2019, 9, 1 -12.
AMA StyleRaham Sher Khan, Aneela Iqbal, Radia Malak, Kashmala Shehryar, Syeda Attia, Talaat Ahmed, Mubarak Ali Khan, Muhammad Arif, Masahiro Mii. Plant defensins: types, mechanism of action and prospects of genetic engineering for enhanced disease resistance in plants. 3 Biotech. 2019; 9 (5):1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRaham Sher Khan; Aneela Iqbal; Radia Malak; Kashmala Shehryar; Syeda Attia; Talaat Ahmed; Mubarak Ali Khan; Muhammad Arif; Masahiro Mii. 2019. "Plant defensins: types, mechanism of action and prospects of genetic engineering for enhanced disease resistance in plants." 3 Biotech 9, no. 5: 1-12.
Clinically, available synthetic chemotherapeutics in the treatment for leishmaniasis are associated with serious complications, such as toxicity and emergence of resistance. Natural products from plants can provide better remedies against the Leishmania parasite and can possibly minimize the associated side effects. In this study, various extracts of the callus cultures of Artimisia scoparia established in response to different plant growth regulators (PGRs) were evaluated for their anti-leishmanial effects against Leishmania tropica promastigotes, followed by an investigation of the possible mechanism of action through reactive apoptosis assay using fluorescent microscopy. Amongst the different callus extracts, higher anti-leishmanial activity (IC50:19.13 µg/mL) was observed in the callus raised in-vitro in the presence of 6-Benzylaminopurine (BA) plus 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) at the concentration of 1.5 mg/L, each. Further, the results of apoptosis assay showed a large number of early-stage apoptotic (EA) and late-stage apoptotic (LA) cells in the Leishmania under the effect of callus extract grown in-vitro at BA plus 2,4-D. For the determination of the potent natural products in the callus extracts responsible for the anti-leishmanial activity, extracts were subjected to Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the metabolite analysis. Nonetheless, higher levels of the metabolites, such as nerolidol (22%), pelletierine (18%), aspidin (15%) and ascaridole (11%) were detected in the callus grown in vitro at BA plus 2,4-D (1.5 mg/L, each). This protocol determines a novel method of production of anti-leishmanial natural products through callus cultures of A. scoparia, a medicinal plant.
Reema Yousaf; Mubarak Ali Khan; Nazif Ullah; Imdad Khan; Obaid Hayat; Muhammad Aamir Shehzad; Irfan Khan; Faqeer Taj; Nizam Ud Din; Asghar Khan; Ijaz Naeem; Huma Ali. Biosynthesis of anti-leishmanial natural products in callus cultures of Artemisia scoparia. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology 2019, 47, 1122 -1131.
AMA StyleReema Yousaf, Mubarak Ali Khan, Nazif Ullah, Imdad Khan, Obaid Hayat, Muhammad Aamir Shehzad, Irfan Khan, Faqeer Taj, Nizam Ud Din, Asghar Khan, Ijaz Naeem, Huma Ali. Biosynthesis of anti-leishmanial natural products in callus cultures of Artemisia scoparia. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology. 2019; 47 (1):1122-1131.
Chicago/Turabian StyleReema Yousaf; Mubarak Ali Khan; Nazif Ullah; Imdad Khan; Obaid Hayat; Muhammad Aamir Shehzad; Irfan Khan; Faqeer Taj; Nizam Ud Din; Asghar Khan; Ijaz Naeem; Huma Ali. 2019. "Biosynthesis of anti-leishmanial natural products in callus cultures of Artemisia scoparia." Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology 47, no. 1: 1122-1131.
Clinically available synthetic chemotherapeutics to treat the vector-borne protozoan infection, leishmaniasis, are associated with serious complications such as toxicity and emergence of resistance. Natural products from plants consist of interesting biomolecules that may interfere with DNA or membrane integrity of the parasite and can possibly minimise the associated side effects. In the present study, various fractions of Euphorbia wallichii (EW) root extracts including n-hexane (EWNX), ethyl acetate (EWEA), chloroform (EWCH) and aqueous (EWAQ), were evaluated for their antileishmanial potential against Leishmania tropica followed by investigation of the possible mechanism of action via reactive oxygen species (ROS) quantification, membrane permeability (via sytox green dye) and apoptotic assay (via AO/EB method) using fluorescent microscopy. Two of the fractions i.e. EWEA and EWAQ inhibited the growth of promastigotes (IC50 7.8 and 10.2 μg/mL, respectively) and amastigotes (IC50 9.9 and 13.3 μg/mL, respectively) forms almost at similar concentrations as found for the standard antileishmanial drugs, tartar emetic (TA) and Glucantime (IC50 9.4 and 21.5 μg/mL, respectively). Both the active fractions remained non-toxic towards human blood erythrocytes and were able to cause membrane permeability and apoptotic induction (using Triton X-100 as a positive control) leading to death of Leishmania parasites. However, both the fractions could not triger significant and persistent ROS generation, compared to hydrogen peroxide used as a positive control. Antilesihmanial activity of the two active fractions might be attributed to the presence of high quantity of tannins and saponins.
Bilal Ahmad; Arshad Islam; Arif Khan; Mubarak Ali Khan; Ihsan Ul Haq; Laila Jafri; Mansoor Ahmad; Shaila Mehwish; Ajmal Khan; Nazif Ullah. Comprehensive investigations on anti-leishmanial potentials of Euphorbia wallichii root extract and its effects on membrane permeability and apoptosis. Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 2019, 64, 138 -145.
AMA StyleBilal Ahmad, Arshad Islam, Arif Khan, Mubarak Ali Khan, Ihsan Ul Haq, Laila Jafri, Mansoor Ahmad, Shaila Mehwish, Ajmal Khan, Nazif Ullah. Comprehensive investigations on anti-leishmanial potentials of Euphorbia wallichii root extract and its effects on membrane permeability and apoptosis. Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. 2019; 64 ():138-145.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBilal Ahmad; Arshad Islam; Arif Khan; Mubarak Ali Khan; Ihsan Ul Haq; Laila Jafri; Mansoor Ahmad; Shaila Mehwish; Ajmal Khan; Nazif Ullah. 2019. "Comprehensive investigations on anti-leishmanial potentials of Euphorbia wallichii root extract and its effects on membrane permeability and apoptosis." Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 64, no. : 138-145.
Elicited plant in vitro cultures are gaining more interest worldwide for their potential in the uniform production of industrially important secondary metabolites. In the present study, different ratios of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and plant growth regulators (PGRs) were supplemented to in vitro cultures for the sustainable production of biomass and antioxidant secondary metabolites through callus cultures of Caralluma tuberculata. Results indicated that various concentrations of AgNPs significantly affected the callus proliferation and substantially increased the callus biomass, when combined with PGRs in the MS (Murashige and Skoog) media. The highest fresh (0.78 g/l) and dry (0.051 g/l) biomass accumulation of callus was observed in the cultures raised in vitro at 60 µg/l AgNPs in combination with 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D plus 3.0 mg/l BA. Phytochemical analysis of the callus cultures showed higher production of phenolics (TPC:3.0 mg), flavonoids (TFC:1.8 mg), phenylalanine ammonialyase activity (PAL: 5.8 U/mg) and antioxidant activity (90%), respectively, in the callus cultures established on MS media in the presence of 90 ug/l AgNPs. Moreover, enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD: 4.8 U/mg), peroxidase (POD: 3.3 U/mg), catalase (CAT: 2.5 U/mg) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX: 1.9 U/mg) were detected at higher level (90 ug/l) of AgNPs tested alone for callus proliferation in the MS media. It may be concluded that the AgNPs can be effectively utilized for the enhancement of bioactive antioxidants in the callus cultures of C. tuberculata, a highly medicinal and threatened plant. This protocol can be scaled up for the industrial production of plant biomass and pharmacologically potent metabolites in C. tuberculata.
Amir Ali; Sher Mohammad; Mubarak Ali Khan; Naveed Iqbal Raja; Mohammad Arif; Atif Kamil; Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani. Silver nanoparticles elicited in vitro callus cultures for accumulation of biomass and secondary metabolites in Caralluma tuberculata. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology 2019, 47, 715 -724.
AMA StyleAmir Ali, Sher Mohammad, Mubarak Ali Khan, Naveed Iqbal Raja, Mohammad Arif, Atif Kamil, Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani. Silver nanoparticles elicited in vitro callus cultures for accumulation of biomass and secondary metabolites in Caralluma tuberculata. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology. 2019; 47 (1):715-724.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmir Ali; Sher Mohammad; Mubarak Ali Khan; Naveed Iqbal Raja; Mohammad Arif; Atif Kamil; Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani. 2019. "Silver nanoparticles elicited in vitro callus cultures for accumulation of biomass and secondary metabolites in Caralluma tuberculata." Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology 47, no. 1: 715-724.