Background/Objectives: Emergency Medical Response Systems (EMRSs) play a vital role in delivering medical aid during natural and man-made disasters. This quantitative research delves into the analysis of risk and effectiveness within Serbia’s Emergency Medical Services (EMS), with a special emphasis on how work organization, resource distribution, and preparedness for mass casualty events contribute to overall disaster preparedness. Methods: The study was conducted using a questionnaire consisting of 7 sections and a total of 88 variables, distributed to and collected from 172 healthcare institutions (Public Health Centers and Hospitals). Statistical methods, including Pearson’s correlation, multivariate regression analysis, and chi-square tests, were rigorously applied to analyze and interpret the data. Results: The results from the multivariate regression analysis revealed that the organization of working hours (β = 0.035) and shift work (β = 0.042) were significant predictors of EMS organization, explaining 1.9% of the variance (R² = 0.019). Furthermore, shift work (β = −0.045) and working hours (β = −0.037) accounted for 2.0% of the variance in the number of EMS points performed (R² = 0.020). Also, the availability of ambulance vehicles (β = 0.075) and financial resources (β = 0.033) explained 4.1% of the variance in mass casualty preparedness (R² = 0.041). When it comes to service area coverage, the regression results suggest that none of the predictors were statistically significant. Based on Pearson’s correlation results, there is a statistically significant correlation between the EMS organization and several key variables such as the number of EMS doctors (p = 0.000), emergency medicine specialists (p = 0.000), etc. Moreover, the Chi-square test results reveal statistically significant correlations between EMS organization and how EMS activities are conducted (p = 0.001), the number of activity locations (p = 0.005), and the structure of working hours (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Additionally, the results underscore the necessity for increased financial support, standardized protocols, and enhanced intersectoral collaboration to strengthen Serbia’s EMRS and improve overall disaster response effectiveness. Based on these findings, a clear roadmap is provided for policymakers, healthcare administrators, and EMS personnel to prioritize strategic interventions and build a robust emergency medical response system.

This study examines the integration of disaster risk reduction (DRR) into security and defense studies curricula at Serbian universities, focusing on public and private institutions. As climate change accelerates and natural disasters become more frequent, addressing these risks is critical for national security and sustainable development. This research evaluates the extent of DRR incorporation in curricula and the use of emerging technologies in DRR education. A qualitative analysis of programs at institutions such as the Faculty of Security Studies at the University of Belgrade, the Military Academy, the University of Criminal Investigation and Police Studies, and private universities like Singidunum and Educons University reveals that public institutions have made significant progress. However, private universities still need comprehensive DRR-focused courses and technological integration. This study recommends fostering collaboration between public and private universities, expanding access to the National Simulation Center, and incorporating modern technologies and active learning strategies across curricula to bridge existing gaps. These steps equip future security professionals with the practical skills and interdisciplinary knowledge necessary for effective disaster management in an increasingly complex risk environment.

This article focuses on the democratization of civil–military relations and the implementation of democratic control of the armed forces in the Republic of Serbia. By analyzing the basic parameters of democratic civil–military relations, we attempt to evaluate whether civil–military relations in the Republic of Serbia can be classified into a type of relations that occur in consolidated democracies. Based on an examination of legal documents and other data, this article concludes that democratic changes since October 2000 have greatly influenced the course of relations between military and political elites and that civil–military relation in Serbia meet most of the defined parameters. However, due to the difficulties in the implementation of this control in practice, civil–military relations in Serbia can only partially be classified as a type of relations that occur in consolidated democracies.

The purpose of this review paper is to point out the problem of conflict related sexual violence, which is often misrepresented as a "women issue". Namely, most surveys, official reports and academic publications deal exclusively with sexual violence committed against women and girls, while violence against men and boys is largely excluded from the discourse on sexual and gender-based violence. The reasons for this are many, starting from the already existing gender inequality and marginalization of women in society and the fact that conflicts and violence disproportionately affect women and girls, to the fact that men because of stigma and fear being accused for homosexual activity, do not report violence. Therefore, the largest numbers of international legal instruments deal with the protection of women and girls from sexual and gender-based violence, providing adequate assistance and reparation, while the protection of men and boys, as well as the response of transitional justice institutions to this violence, are often omitted. Without intent to criticize the existing discourse on gender equality, or sexual and gender-based violence, as well as to re-examine the efforts of the international community in tackling this problem, this paper aims to show that victims of sexual violence in armed conflicts can not be viewed in the context belonging to a particular gender. Victims of sexual violence in armed conflicts may be all, regardless of gender, therefore protection of victims, assistance and reparations should be available for all.

Drawing on the research findings of the survey and a review of the scientific‎ and professional literature, this paper seeks to indicate a correlation between ‎vaccine hesitancy and national security. On the one hand, the paper argues that ‎health is of particular concern to the modern sovereign state and its security,‎ and that the vaccine as a civilizational achievement is one of the most vital‎ mechanisms for safeguarding public health and, by extension, national security.‎ On the other hand, the paper contends that vaccine hesitancy should also‎ be considered a threat to national security. What vaccine hesitancy means and ‎what factors contribute to it is something of a blind spot in Serbia’s public and‎ academic discourse. The survey findings have shown that vaccine hesitancy ‎is influenced by various factors and conclude that Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy ‎in Serbia can be considered a threat to national security.‎