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Jianbo Qiu
Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Safety and Detection of Food Quality, Zhongling street 50#, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China, 210014

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Research article
Published: 04 January 2021 in Plant Disease
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Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC) strains are generally considered moderately virulent to many agricultural crops and produce a variety of mycotoxins, which represent a serious threat to food safety and public health. The occurrence of the FIESC in agricultural crops has been reported in various climatic regions, but detailed information on the species composition and toxigenic ability is rare in China. In this study, phylogenetic analyses were performed with combined sequences of EF-1a and RPB2 of 186 Fusarium isolates obtained from rice and soybean. Twelve species were identified and 156 of the isolates were resolved within the Incarnatum clade of the FIESC. Host influenced the population composition; rice isolates belonged to 12 species, among which FIESC 16, 18, and 24 were predominant; while five species were found among soybean isolates and FIESC 1, 16, and 18 dominated. Forty-three isolates were arbitrarily selected and analyzed for their Tri gene sequences and mycotoxigenic potential. Phylogenetic results based on the combined Tri5, Tri7 and Tri13 sequences were coincident with those from housekeeping markers. Type A and B trichothecenes were the main metabolites. Diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) was detected in all strains at varying concentrations. Nivalenol (NIV), 4-acetyl nivalenol (4ANIV), 3-acetyel deoxynivalenol (3ADON), and neosolaniol (NEO) were produced in members of FIESC 1, 3, 7, 8, 15, 16, 17, and 18. Our findings contribute valuable phylogenetic and toxigenic information necessary for the risk evaluation of mycotoxins in agricultural products.

ACS Style

Yunan Lu; Jianbo Qiu; Ms. Shufang Wang; Jianhong Xu; Guizhen Ma; Jianrong Shi; Zenghai Bao. Species diversity and toxigenic potential of Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex isolates from rice and soybean in China. Plant Disease 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Yunan Lu, Jianbo Qiu, Ms. Shufang Wang, Jianhong Xu, Guizhen Ma, Jianrong Shi, Zenghai Bao. Species diversity and toxigenic potential of Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex isolates from rice and soybean in China. Plant Disease. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yunan Lu; Jianbo Qiu; Ms. Shufang Wang; Jianhong Xu; Guizhen Ma; Jianrong Shi; Zenghai Bao. 2021. "Species diversity and toxigenic potential of Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex isolates from rice and soybean in China." Plant Disease , no. : 1.

Research article
Published: 01 August 2020 in Plant Disease
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Species belonging to the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC) are of vital importance and are a major concern for food quantity and quality worldwide, as they not only cause serious diseases in crops but also produce various mycotoxins. To characterize the population structure and evaluate the risk of poisonous secondary metabolites, a total of 237 candidate strains were isolated from rice, maize, and soybean samples in Jiangsu Province, China. Species identification of the individual strain was accomplished by sequencing the translation elongation factor 1α gene (TEF-1α) and the fumonisin (FB) synthetic gene (FUM1). The distribution of Fusarium species among the different crops was observed. The maize seeds were dominated by F. proliferatum (teleomorph, Gibberella intermedia) and F. verticillioides (teleomorph, G. moniliformis), whereas F. fujikuroi (teleomorph, G. fujikuroi) was the most frequently isolated species from rice and soybean samples. In addition, phylogenetic analyses of these strains were performed, and the results suggested clear groups showing no obvious relationship with the origin source. FFSC species pathogenicity and toxigenicity were studied. All of the species reduced the rice seed germination rate, with no significant differences. F. fujikuroi showed two distinct patterns of influencing the length of rice seedlings, which were correlated with FBs and gibberellic acid synthesis. FBs were mainly produced by F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum. F. proliferatum and F. fujikuroi also produced moniliformin and beauvericin. The toxigenicity of F. andiyazi (teleomorph, G. andiyazi) was extremely low. Further analysis indicated that the sequence variations in TEF-1α and the differences in the expression levels of the toxin synthesis genes were associated with the diversity of secondary metabolites in F. fujikuroi strains. These findings provide insight into the population-level characterization of the FFSC and might be helpful in the development of strategies for the management of diseases and mycotoxins.

ACS Style

Jianbo Qiu; Yunan Lu; Dan He; Yin-Won Lee; Fang Ji; Jianhong Xu; Jianrong Shi. Fusarium fujikuroi Species Complex Associated With Rice, Maize, and Soybean From Jiangsu Province, China: Phylogenetic, Pathogenic, and Toxigenic Analysis. Plant Disease 2020, 104, 2193 -2201.

AMA Style

Jianbo Qiu, Yunan Lu, Dan He, Yin-Won Lee, Fang Ji, Jianhong Xu, Jianrong Shi. Fusarium fujikuroi Species Complex Associated With Rice, Maize, and Soybean From Jiangsu Province, China: Phylogenetic, Pathogenic, and Toxigenic Analysis. Plant Disease. 2020; 104 (8):2193-2201.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jianbo Qiu; Yunan Lu; Dan He; Yin-Won Lee; Fang Ji; Jianhong Xu; Jianrong Shi. 2020. "Fusarium fujikuroi Species Complex Associated With Rice, Maize, and Soybean From Jiangsu Province, China: Phylogenetic, Pathogenic, and Toxigenic Analysis." Plant Disease 104, no. 8: 2193-2201.

Review
Published: 30 April 2019 in Toxins
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Wheat Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium species, is a widespread and destructive fungal disease. In addition to the substantial yield and revenue losses, diseased grains are often contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins, making them unsuitable for human consumption or use as animal feed. As a vital food and feed ingredient in China, the quality and safety of wheat and its products have gained growing attention from consumers, producers, scientists, and policymakers. This review supplies detailed data about the occurrence of Fusarium toxins and related intoxications from the 1980s to the present. Despite the serious situation of toxin contamination in wheat, the concentration of toxins in flour is usually lower than that in raw materials, and food-poisoning incidents have been considerably reduced. Much work has been conducted on every phase of toxin production and wheat circulation by scientific researchers. Regulations for maximum contamination limits have been established in recent years and play a substantial role in ensuring the stability of the national economy and people's livelihoods.

ACS Style

Jianbo Qiu; Jianhong Xu; Jianrong Shi; Qiu; Xu; Shi. Fusarium Toxins in Chinese Wheat since the 1980s. Toxins 2019, 11, 248 .

AMA Style

Jianbo Qiu, Jianhong Xu, Jianrong Shi, Qiu, Xu, Shi. Fusarium Toxins in Chinese Wheat since the 1980s. Toxins. 2019; 11 (5):248.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jianbo Qiu; Jianhong Xu; Jianrong Shi; Qiu; Xu; Shi. 2019. "Fusarium Toxins in Chinese Wheat since the 1980s." Toxins 11, no. 5: 248.

Research article
Published: 01 September 2018 in Plant Disease
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Fludioxonil is used in seedborne disease management of various fungal pathogens, including Fusarium asiaticum, the predominant causal agent of Fusarium head blight in China. In this study, we screened resistant strains from a large number of F. asiaticum strains collected from 2012 to 2016 and found that 4 of 1,000 field strains were highly resistant to fludioxonil. The 50% effective concentration values of the resistant strains and induced mutants ranged from 80 to >400 μg/ml. Compared with field-sensitive strains, all field-collected and laboratory-induced resistant strains exhibited fitness defects in traits including mycelial growth, conidial production, pathogenicity, and sensitivity to osmotic conditions. In the presence of fludioxonil, significantly higher glycerol accumulation was found in sensitive strains but not in resistant individuals. The fludioxonil-resistant strains produced lower amounts of glycerol in liquid culture and lower amounts of trichothecene mycotoxins in rice culture and inoculated wheat spikelets than the fludioxonil-sensitive strains. Sequence analyses of the key genes of the two-component histidine kinase signaling pathway showed various amino acid substitutions in the Os1, Os4, and Os5 genes between field-sensitive and resistant strains or mutants. The results of this study suggest a potential risk of fludioxonil resistance development and a possible influence of resistance mutations on fitness parameters and toxin production in F. asiaticum.

ACS Style

J. B. Qiu; M. Z. Yu; Q. Yin; J. H. Xu; J. R. Shi. Molecular Characterization, Fitness, and Mycotoxin Production of Fusarium asiaticum Strains Resistant to Fludioxonil. Plant Disease 2018, 102, 1759 -1765.

AMA Style

J. B. Qiu, M. Z. Yu, Q. Yin, J. H. Xu, J. R. Shi. Molecular Characterization, Fitness, and Mycotoxin Production of Fusarium asiaticum Strains Resistant to Fludioxonil. Plant Disease. 2018; 102 (9):1759-1765.

Chicago/Turabian Style

J. B. Qiu; M. Z. Yu; Q. Yin; J. H. Xu; J. R. Shi. 2018. "Molecular Characterization, Fitness, and Mycotoxin Production of Fusarium asiaticum Strains Resistant to Fludioxonil." Plant Disease 102, no. 9: 1759-1765.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2016 in International Journal of Food Microbiology
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The present study was performed to identify prevailing Fusarium species and the environmental factors affecting their frequencies and the contamination of grain with major mycotoxins in Jiangsu province. The precipitation levels were 184.2 mm, 156.4 mm, and 245.8 mm in the years 2013–2015, respectively, and the temperature fluctuated by an average of 10.6 ± 7.2 °C in 2013, 10.9 ± 7.2 °C in 2014, and 10.6 ± 6.3 °C in 2015. Co-occurrence of deoxynivalenol (DON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3ADON), and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15ADON) were observed in wheat. The average concentrations of DON were 879.3 ± 1127.8, 627.8 ± 640.5, and 1628.6 ± 2,168.0 μg/kg in 2013–2015, respectively. The average concentrations of 3ADON were 43.5 ± 59.0, 71.2 ± 102.5, and 33.5 ± 111.9 μg/kg in 2013–2015, respectively. We found that the average concentration of DON in wheat was positively correlated with precipitation (r = 0.998, p < 0.01), and 3ADON was negatively correlated with precipitation (r = − 0.887, p < 0.05). However, there was no correlation between precipitation and 15ADON or nivalenol (NIV). The differences in temperature were not as significant as the differences in rainfall amount over a short time period. Therefore, there were no correlations between temperature and the concentrations of trichothecenes, excluding 3ADON (r = 0.996, p < 0.01). Our data indicated that Fusarium asiaticum is the primary pathogenic fungus prevalent in the Fusarium head blight disease nursery. The trichothecene chemotype composition differed between Fusarium graminearum sensu stricto (s. str.) and F. asiaticum isolates. The 3ADON chemotype was found only among strains of F. asiaticum. The NIV chemotype was not observed among strains of F. graminearum, while the 15ADON chemotype represented 100% of the F. graminearum strains collected. The results of this study indicated no correlations between environmental conditions and the species or genetic chemotype composition of pathogens in Jiangsu province in 2013–2015.

ACS Style

Fei Dong; Jianbo Qiu; Jianhong Xu; Mingzheng Yu; Shufang Wang; Yue Sun; Gufeng Zhang; Jianrong Shi. Effect of environmental factors on Fusarium population and associated trichothecenes in wheat grain grown in Jiangsu province, China. International Journal of Food Microbiology 2016, 230, 58 -63.

AMA Style

Fei Dong, Jianbo Qiu, Jianhong Xu, Mingzheng Yu, Shufang Wang, Yue Sun, Gufeng Zhang, Jianrong Shi. Effect of environmental factors on Fusarium population and associated trichothecenes in wheat grain grown in Jiangsu province, China. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 2016; 230 ():58-63.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fei Dong; Jianbo Qiu; Jianhong Xu; Mingzheng Yu; Shufang Wang; Yue Sun; Gufeng Zhang; Jianrong Shi. 2016. "Effect of environmental factors on Fusarium population and associated trichothecenes in wheat grain grown in Jiangsu province, China." International Journal of Food Microbiology 230, no. : 58-63.

Comparative study
Published: 31 March 2016 in Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
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Rice-wheat rotation favours DON accumulation, while more ZEN contamination may occur in maize-wheat rotation models. Appropriate crop rotation may help to reduce toxin levels in wheat grains. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

ACS Style

Jianbo Qiu; Fei Dong; Mingzheng Yu; Jianhong Xu; Jianrong Shi. Effect of preceding crop onFusariumspecies and mycotoxin contamination of wheat grains. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2016, 96, 4536 -4541.

AMA Style

Jianbo Qiu, Fei Dong, Mingzheng Yu, Jianhong Xu, Jianrong Shi. Effect of preceding crop onFusariumspecies and mycotoxin contamination of wheat grains. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2016; 96 (13):4536-4541.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jianbo Qiu; Fei Dong; Mingzheng Yu; Jianhong Xu; Jianrong Shi. 2016. "Effect of preceding crop onFusariumspecies and mycotoxin contamination of wheat grains." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 96, no. 13: 4536-4541.

Journal article
Published: 04 August 2014 in Toxins
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Members of the Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC) are important pathogens on wheat, maize, barley, and rice in China. Harvested grains are often contaminated by mycotoxins, such as the trichothecene nivalenol (NIV) and deoxynivalenol (DON) and the estrogenic mycotoxin zearalenone (ZEN), which is a big threat to humans and animals. In this study, 97 isolates were collected from maize, wheat, and rice in Jiangsu and Anhui provinces in 2013 and characterized by species- and chemotype-specific PCR. F. graminearum sensu stricto (s. str.) was predominant on maize, while most of the isolates collected from rice and wheat were identified as F. asiaticum. Fusarium isolates from three hosts varied in trichothecene chemotypes. The 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3ADON) chemotype predominated on wheat and rice population, while 15ADON was prevailing in the remaining isolates. Sequence analysis of the translation elongation factor 1α and trichodiene synthase indicated the accuracy of the above conclusion. Additionally, phylogenetic analysis suggested four groups with strong correlation with species, chemotype, and host. These isolates were also evaluated for their sensitivity to carbendazim and mycotoxins production. The maize population was less sensitive than the other two. The DON levels were similar in three populations, while those isolates on maize produced more ZEN. More DON was produced in carbendazim resistant strains than sensitive ones, but it seemed that carbendazim resistance had no effect on ZEN production in wheat culture.

ACS Style

Jianbo Qiu; Jianrong Shi. Genetic Relationships, Carbendazim Sensitivity and Mycotoxin Production of the Fusarium Graminearum Populations from Maize, Wheat and Rice in Eastern China. Toxins 2014, 6, 2291 -2309.

AMA Style

Jianbo Qiu, Jianrong Shi. Genetic Relationships, Carbendazim Sensitivity and Mycotoxin Production of the Fusarium Graminearum Populations from Maize, Wheat and Rice in Eastern China. Toxins. 2014; 6 (8):2291-2309.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jianbo Qiu; Jianrong Shi. 2014. "Genetic Relationships, Carbendazim Sensitivity and Mycotoxin Production of the Fusarium Graminearum Populations from Maize, Wheat and Rice in Eastern China." Toxins 6, no. 8: 2291-2309.

English abstract
Published: 01 February 2006 in China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica
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ACS Style

Jian-Bo Qiu; Qi-Cai Long; Mei-Cun Yao. [Effects of slenderstyle Acanthopanax root-bark on cyclooxygenase]. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2006, 31, 316 -9.

AMA Style

Jian-Bo Qiu, Qi-Cai Long, Mei-Cun Yao. [Effects of slenderstyle Acanthopanax root-bark on cyclooxygenase]. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica. 2006; 31 (4):316-9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jian-Bo Qiu; Qi-Cai Long; Mei-Cun Yao. 2006. "[Effects of slenderstyle Acanthopanax root-bark on cyclooxygenase]." China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 31, no. 4: 316-9.