PERANAN ORANG-TUA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEPATUHAN SISWI MINUM TABLET ZAT BESI FOLAT DI KOTA-DEPOK

Health promotion is one of the methods to improve public health status, extend life span and improve quality of life. The health promotion declared in Ottawa or known as the Ottawa Charter is not o...

Abstrak: Program suplementasi zat besi-folat kepada remaja putri untuk mencegah dan menanggulangi anemia pada remaja putri terhambat sejak pandemi covid 19 melanda. Keterlibatan multi pihak seperti karang taruna dan kader posyandu merupakan terobosan yang dapat dilakukan untuk perbaikan masalah anemia pada remaja putri. Untuk mendukung upaya yang melibatkan karang taruna dan kader posyandu maka perlu ada pembekalan kepada karang taruna dan kader. Oleh sebab itu kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas para anggota karang taruna dan kader posyandu sebagai motivator dalam perbaikan status anemia gizi pada remaja putri . Mitra pembekalan adalah 6 orang anggota karang taruna dan 8 orang kader posyandu desa Sirnagalih Bogor Jawa Barat. Pembekalan diberikan dengan metode ceramah, diskusi dan praktik bermain peran selama 2 hari berturut-turut di balai desa. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan mengukur perubahan tingkat pengetahuan, sikap dan efikasi diri anggota karang taruna dan kader melalui pre-test dan post-test. Terdapat peningkatan proporsi karang taruna dan kader yang berpengetahuan baik sebesar 37,5%. Terdapat peningkatan skor sikap positif dan efikasi diri anggota karang taruna sebesar 18,7% masing-masingnya . The iron-folate supplementation program to prevent and treat anemia in young women has been hampered since the COVID-19 pandemic hit.The involvement of multi-stakeholders such as Karang taruna and posyandu cadres is a breakthrough that can be done to solve those problems. To support efforts involving Karang taruna and posyandu cadres, it is necessary to provide training for them. This community service activity aims to increase the capacity of 6 Karang taruna members and 8 posyandu cadres of Sirnagalih Village, West Java as motivators in improving the female adolescent’s anemia status. The training was given through lectures, discussions and role-playing for 2 consecutive days. The evaluation was carried out by measuring changes in the level of knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy of Karang taruna and cadres members through pretest and post-test. There was an increase in the proportion of Karang taruna and cadres with good knowledge of 37.5%. There is an increase in the score of positive attitude and self-efficacy of Karang taruna and cadres members by 18.7%, respectively.

Background: The achievement towards 100% exclusive breastfeeding still a challenge in many countries despite adverse impacts due to the absence of exclusive breastfeeding. One consequence from the low practice of exclusive breastfeeding is malnutrition, including stunting that can be prevented by providing optimal food to infants, starting with providing exclusive breastfeeding from birth to 6 months of age. However, the practice of exclusive breastfeeding still low and it is suspected that this practice also decreased during the COVID- 19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze the determinants of exclusive breastfeeding in sub-urban areas during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This study using cross sectional design conducted from interviewing 206 mothers in 2022 who meet the inclusion criteria, consisted of breastfeeding their babies in the last 1 year and live in Sub-urban area in Depok City, West Java. Multiple binary logistic regression used to measure the association and strength between independent variables with the outcome variable. Independent variables with a p-value < 0.25 during the Chi-square test were included in the logistic regression model. Results: Prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding and early initiation of breastfeeding (EIB) was 58.3% and 57.8% respectively. Factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding practices are education, employment status, knowledge and attitude about exclusive breastfeeding, self-efficacy in providing exclusive breastfeeding, EIB practice, and eating pattern. From multivariate analysis, it was found that the dominant factors to exclusive breastfeeding are EIB. Conclusions: The study highlights the importance of improving exclusive breastfeeding practice through early initiation of breastfeeding, mother’s knowledge, education and self-efficacy. Therefore, health promotion and education should emphasize the importance of those factors, supported by the health policy and massive campaign as a key success in exclusive breastfeeding.

Latar belakang: Penyakit diabetes melitus masih menjadi beban penyakit tidak menular yang tinggi di Indonesia. Perlunya pengendalian faktor risiko diabetes melitus terutama pada gaya hidup masyarakat dalam menanggulangi penyakit diabetes melitus dan gangguan metabolik melalui program kesehatan yang dibentuk oleh Pemerintah.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode analisis studi kasus pada dua instansi kesehatan, yaitu Kementerian Kesehatan RI Direktorat P2PTM dan Dinas Kesehatan Kota Depok. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam (indepth interview) bersama dengan total 3 informan kunci. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan konsep triangulasi sumber, metode maupun teori.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program PDMGM yang berfokus pada deteksi dini telah berjalan dengan baik, dilihat dari data tahunan hasil laporan di setiap pelayanan kesehatan di Indonesia.Simpulan: Dalam pelaksanaan program masih terdapat hambatan yang dihadapi baik internal maupun eksternal. Untuk mengatasi hambatan tersebut perlu dilakukannya monitoring dan evaluasi secara rutin. Diharapkan seluruh masyarakat dapat berpartisipasi secara aktif dalam program-program yang ada.Kata kunci: diabetes melitus; gangguan metabolik; pencegahan dan pengendalian penyakit. ABSTRACT Title: Program for Prevention and Control of Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome in Indonesia: Qualitative StudyBackground: Diabetes mellitus is still a high burden of non-communicable diseases in Indonesia. There is a need to control risk factors for diabetes mellitus, especially in people's lifestyles, in dealing with diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome through health programs established by the government.Method: This research uses a qualitative approach with a case analysis study method in two health agencies, namely the Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, Direktorat Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Penyakit Tidak Menular (P2PTM) and Dinas Kesehatan Kota Depok. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews with a total of 3 key informants. Data analysis was carried out using the concept of triangulation of sources, methods and theories.Result: The research results show that the program which focuses on early detection has been running well, seen from the data from annual reports in every health service in Indonesia.Conclusion: In implementing program there are still obstacles faced both internally and externally. To overcome these obstacles, regular monitoring and evaluation needs to be carried out. It is hoped that the entire community can participate actively in existing programKeywords: diabetes mellitus; metabolic syndrome; disease prevention and control

Angka prevalensi anemia pada remaja di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan dan dimasa mendatang berdampak terhadap kesehatan ibu hamil, dan kejadian stunting. Program pencegahan dan pengendalian anemia berbasis sekolah/ madrasah membutuhkan peran aktif berbagai pihak termasuk guru dan orang tua siswi. Oleh sebab itu perlu dilakukan edukasi kepada orang tua dan guru agar mereka dapat menjadi faktor pendorong perubahan perilaku siswi dalam mencegah dan mengendalikan anemia. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang berupa edukasi kesehatan secara virtual kepada orang tua dan guru madrasah Mumtaza Islamic School bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap dan efikasi diri orang tua dan guru dalam program pencegahan dan pengendalian anemia pada remaja putri di lingkungan madrasah. Harapannya program ini dapat turut andil dalam mempromosikan program penurunan kasus anemia remaja putri dan meningkatkan status gizi siswi madrasah.Setelah diadakan edukasi kesehatan terdapat perbedaan tingkat pengetahuan, sikap dan efikasi diri orang tua dan guru terhadap program pencegahan dan pengendalian anemia pada remaja putri (p<0.005).Kata Kunci: Anemia,Edukasi Kesehatan,Guru, Orang Tua, Remaja Putri.