The aim of the present research was to uncover the opinions of future teachers about whether the formative knowledge of education for sustainability received in seminars during their practicums improved their competencies in sustainability and their values in educational teaching for their future classroom practice. The study entailed qualitative research with a thematic analysis. Semi-structured interviews comprising 14 questions, which were validated by 15 experts, were used to solicit the opinions of 52 future teachers with respect to the importance of sustainability and the development of intercultural competencies among their students. The information from the interviews was analyzed using thematic analysis on the basis of education for sustainable development (ESD). We conclude that the teachers’ practicum placements and training experiences were very positive because a lecturing pedagogical approach, taught via practical application in a school environment by an expert of recognized prestige, can be a useful resource to develop awareness of both sustainable development and its education, as well as to learn didactic strategies to apply ESD, which addresses aspects that are relevant in multicultural contexts, such as tolerance and empathy.

SCHOOL ACHIEVEMENT AND SELF-CONCEPT IN PRIMARY EDUCATION. RELATIONSHIP AND ANALYSIS BY GENDERThis paper aims, on the one hand, to analyze the relationship between self-concept and school achievement. On the other hand, to establish if there are differences in both constructs according to the gender of the students. The study included 422 primary school students, of whom 198 were boys and 224 girls. 48.3% were in fifth grade and 51.7% in sixth grade. The children studied in eight of the twelve public schools of childhood and primary education of the autonomous city of Melilla. The instruments used for data collection were two. Firstly, a register of the ratings obtained in the subjects of Environmental Knowledge, Spanish Language and Mathematics of each student, facilitated by the students’ tutors. Secondly, the Test of Self-Concept Form 5 (AF-5). The results showed positive correlations between the ratings of the three subjects evaluated and three of the five dimensions of the self-concept: academic, social and family. Regarding gender analysis, they were found in the ratings for the Spanish Language subject, so that the girls scored higher than the boys. In addition, gender differences were also found in the dimensions of academic, emotional and family self-concept. Thus, girls outperformed boys on academic and family self-concept, whereas in the self-esteem the boys scored higher.Keywords: Self-Concept, School Achievement, Primary Education, GenderResumen.Este trabajo pretende, por una parte, analizar la relación entre autoconcepto y rendimiento escolar. Por otra, establecer si existen diferencias en ambos constructos en función del género de los estudiantes. En el estudio participaron 422 estudiantes de Educación Primaria, de los cuales 198 eran niños y 224 niñas. El 48.3% se encontraba en quinto curso y el 51.7% en sexto curso. Los niños estudiaban en ocho de los doce centros públicos de educación infantil y primaria de la ciudad autónoma de Melilla. Como instrumentos de recogida de información se emplearon dos. En primer lugar, un registro de las calificaciones finales en las asignaturas de Conocimiento del Medio, Lengua Castellana y Matemáticas de cada estudiante, facilitado por los tutores de los alumnos. En segundo lugar, el Cuestionario de Autoconcepto Forma 5 (AF-5). Los resultados pusieron de manifiesto correlaciones positivas entre las calificaciones de las tres asignaturas evaluadas y tres de las cinco dimensiones del autoconcepto: académico, social y familiar. En lo relativo al análisis en función del género, se encontraron en las calificaciones para la asignatura de Lengua Castellana, de modo que las niñas puntuaron más alto que los niños. Además, también se encontraron diferencias por género en las dimensiones del autoconcepto académico, emocional y familiar. Así, las niñas presentaban un autoconcepto académico y familiar superior a los niños, mientras que en el autoconcepto emocional fueron los niños los que puntuaron más alto.Palabras clave: autoconcepto, rendimiento escolar, educación primaria, género

(1) Background: Prosocial behavior aligns with the current societal model, where human values hold greater importance considering cultural, social, and personal variables that may influence the opportunity to benefit others. Hence, the objective of this research was established: to understand how diverse factors influence the values of young people, aiming to promote education and enhance prosocial behavior. (2) Methods: This study is quantitative research employing an empirical–analytical, cross-sectional social research method. A validated instrument was used with a sample of 1702 individuals from the city of Melilla, noteworthy for its multicultural context due to its location in North Africa. (3) Results: Inferential analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression to predict future behaviors, focusing on the factors influencing values. Various models were employed, incorporating twelve variables and four scales: sociability, transcendence, culture, and effects. (4) Conclusions: The results and conclusions suggest the need to enhance affect and sociability, primarily among the most prominent factors.

The objective of this study was to analyze individual differences of reification in an intercultural-community-based society while considering the variables of religion and sex in a sample of 1120 Spanish individuals: 810 women (72.5%) and 310 men (27.5%). Of these, 66.10% were Christian and 25% were Muslim, with reported ages ranging between 17 and 26 years old (mean age 19.84 years old). Once the quality parameters of the instrument (reification in community-based intercultural questionnaire) were determined, we confirmed the reliability and through confirmatory factor analysis using structural equation modeling methodology, data collection was initiated. The general results indicate that 87.50% of the respondents had been whistled at while walking along the street on at least one occasion. The ANOVA results indicate significant differences in sex and religion; women in the sample suffered greater feelings of reification in an intercultural-community-based society than men, with Muslim women specifically reporting the strongest results. The results demonstrate that women suffer more reification issues in their daily lives, with this sometimes due to their partners. Addressing this barrier to achieving equality between men and women is obligatory, so public and private institutions still have considerable work to do to achieve this goal.

Este trabajo pretende analizar la personalidad y el autoconcepto de estudiantes de Educación Primaria en función de su origen cultural. Para ello, participaron 422 estudiantes de Educación Primaria (46.9% niños y 53.1% niñas), los cuales cursaban quinto (n = 204) y sexto curso (n = 218). El 67.3% era de origen cultural amazight y el 32.7% europeo. Todos ellos residían en la ciudad autónoma de Melilla. Los instrumentos empleados fueron el Cuestionario de Autoconcepto Forma 5 (AF-5) y el Cuestionario de los Cinco Factores para Niños, versión corta (S-BFQ-C). Los resultados mostraron diferencias en el AF-5 en función del origen cultural. Así, los niños de origen cultural amazight puntuaron más alto en el autoconcepto físico que los de origen cultural europeo. No se hallaron diferencias en los diferentes factores de personalidad en función de dicha variable.