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Due to the effect of curing temperature and heat absorption on the performance of cement-treated bases (CTB), thermal shrinkage cracks can happen in CTB during the early-age curing period. However, there have been non-existent studies on the relationship between temperature distribution in CTB versus various curing methods. In this paper, a field experiment was conducted to monitor temperature at different depths and to investigate fundamental mechanical properties of CTB. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model was also developed to estimate temperature distribution in CTB segments exposed to three different curing methods (wet burlap, wet geotextile, and asphalt emulsion). The results indicated that wet burlap and wet geotextile curing methods exhibited better quality cures than asphalt emulsion, expressed by higher 14-day compressive and splitting tensile strengths, due to less temperature absorbed into CTB structure. Shrinkage cracks were also observed on CTB surface cured with asphalt emulsion due to more heat absorption. The ANN-based model proposed using four input parameters: air temperature, measurement depths, curing methods, and times of day showed a high accuracy with R-value ≥0.96 and average MSE ≈ 0.0038. A sensitivity analysis using Connection Weight Approach has proven the importance of curing methods which contributed to the highest dominance of 30.1%, whereas air temperature, times of day, and measurement depths accounted for 26.4%, 26.6%, and 16.9%, respectively. Thus, the ANN-based model has accurately estimated temperature distribution in CTB while curing.
Thao T.T. Tran; Teron Nguyen; Phuong N. Pham; Hai H. Nguyen; Phuc Q. Nguyen. Thermal distribution in cement-treated base: Effect of curing methods and temperature estimation using Artificial Neural Networks. Construction and Building Materials 2021, 279, 122528 .
AMA StyleThao T.T. Tran, Teron Nguyen, Phuong N. Pham, Hai H. Nguyen, Phuc Q. Nguyen. Thermal distribution in cement-treated base: Effect of curing methods and temperature estimation using Artificial Neural Networks. Construction and Building Materials. 2021; 279 ():122528.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThao T.T. Tran; Teron Nguyen; Phuong N. Pham; Hai H. Nguyen; Phuc Q. Nguyen. 2021. "Thermal distribution in cement-treated base: Effect of curing methods and temperature estimation using Artificial Neural Networks." Construction and Building Materials 279, no. : 122528.
Mathematical models have been used widely to investigate the vehicle-passenger-infrastructure dynamical interaction; however, the responses of various heavy-duty city bus models to estimate ride comfort induced by road roughness are still unknown. In this study, the comparison of dynamical response of buses used in city transport is investigated based on multi-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) bus models developed in MATLAB/Simulink and correlated against passenger ride comfort criteria. The results showed that 9-DOF full bus model is the best option to estimate passenger ride comfort within an error of 2%, as compared to 5-DOF half and 3-DOF quarter bus models with 7% and 20% errors using one wheel-track, and 24% and 36% errors using two wheel-tracks, respectively. The error was calculated as the difference between simulated results from three bus models and the measured data. These mathematical bus models can be customized for estimating passenger ride comfort and surface roughness of dedicated bus/bus-rapid-transit lanes.
Teron Nguyen; Patrick Swolana; Bernhard Lechner; Wong Y.D.. An experimental comparison of mathematical heavy-duty city bus models to evaluate passenger ride comfort induced by road roughness. Mathematical and Computer Modelling of Dynamical Systems 2021, 27, 203 -221.
AMA StyleTeron Nguyen, Patrick Swolana, Bernhard Lechner, Wong Y.D.. An experimental comparison of mathematical heavy-duty city bus models to evaluate passenger ride comfort induced by road roughness. Mathematical and Computer Modelling of Dynamical Systems. 2021; 27 (1):203-221.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTeron Nguyen; Patrick Swolana; Bernhard Lechner; Wong Y.D.. 2021. "An experimental comparison of mathematical heavy-duty city bus models to evaluate passenger ride comfort induced by road roughness." Mathematical and Computer Modelling of Dynamical Systems 27, no. 1: 203-221.
Teron Nguyen; Duy Q. Nguyen-Phuoc; Y. D. Wong. Developing artificial neural networks to estimate real-time onboard bus ride comfort. Neural Computing and Applications 2020, 33, 5287 -5299.
AMA StyleTeron Nguyen, Duy Q. Nguyen-Phuoc, Y. D. Wong. Developing artificial neural networks to estimate real-time onboard bus ride comfort. Neural Computing and Applications. 2020; 33 (10):5287-5299.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTeron Nguyen; Duy Q. Nguyen-Phuoc; Y. D. Wong. 2020. "Developing artificial neural networks to estimate real-time onboard bus ride comfort." Neural Computing and Applications 33, no. 10: 5287-5299.
The present study investigated the personal exposure (PE) of commuters to fine particles (PM2.5) and black carbon (BC) in two cities: Singapore and Danang (Vietnam) with different socio-economic conditions. The PE measurement was conducted during a multimodal round trip from Singapore to Danang and back with various on-road transport modes in urban micro-environments within each city by using portable devices. Real-time assessment of PE revealed that more than 60% of the integrated inhaled dose of PM2.5 by commuters to occurred at airport concourses and transit micro-environments to/from the aeroplane by apron bus. Whereas for BC, the transit by apron bus made a major contribution (> 50%) to the total integrated exposure. The PE to PM2.5 and BC in transport micro-environments was an order of magnitude higher in Danang compared to Singapore while using various on-road modes of transport in each city. Elevated concentrations of airborne particles in Singapore and Danang were significantly contributed by heavy-duty diesel vehicles and motorcycles, respectively. Moreover, a reduction in years of life expectancy is likely to occur among urban commuters while using motorized transport compared to active mobility (cycling).
Phuong T.M. Tran; Teron Nguyen; Rajasekhar Balasubramanian. Personal exposure to airborne particles in transport micro-environments and potential health impacts: A tale of two cities. Sustainable Cities and Society 2020, 63, 102470 .
AMA StylePhuong T.M. Tran, Teron Nguyen, Rajasekhar Balasubramanian. Personal exposure to airborne particles in transport micro-environments and potential health impacts: A tale of two cities. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2020; 63 ():102470.
Chicago/Turabian StylePhuong T.M. Tran; Teron Nguyen; Rajasekhar Balasubramanian. 2020. "Personal exposure to airborne particles in transport micro-environments and potential health impacts: A tale of two cities." Sustainable Cities and Society 63, no. : 102470.
Mobile phone use while driving presents significant risks, potentially leading to injury or death through distracted driving. Using a case study of Vietnam, this research aimed to understand the effect of problematic mobile phone use (also known as mobile phone addiction or compulsive mobile phone use), attitudes and beliefs, and perceived risk on the frequency of mobile phone use among motorcyclists and car drivers. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to motorcyclists (n1= 529) and car drivers (n2= 328) using an online survey and face-to-face survey. The survey took around 20-min to complete and participants were entered into a lottery for supermarket vouchers. Of the motorcyclists, 42% of the sample (the highest proportion) was in the 18-25 age group while the 36-45 age group accounted for the highest proportion among car drivers (34.8%). Using structural equation modelling (SEM), key findings showed that each construct influenced mobile phone use, but in different ways for motorcycle riders and car drivers. Attitudes and beliefs had the largest effect on mobile phone use while riding among motorcyclists, with problematic mobile phone use having the smallest influence. In contrast, problematic mobile phone use had the largest effect on mobile phone use while driving a car, with attitudes and beliefs having the smallest effect. The findings of this study point to the need for tailored interventions involving a range of actors (policymakers, police enforcement, mental health professionals, advocacy groups and the wider community) to raise awareness, modify attitudes and increase risk perception associated with mobile phone use while driving/riding. This can be achieved thorough educational tools and road safety campaigns which are focused on reducing this risky driving behaviour. This includes customising road safety programs for individuals and groups affected by problematic mobile phone use such as targeted advertising.
Duy Q. Nguyen-Phuoc; Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios; Diep Ngoc Su; Chris De Gruyter; Teron Nguyen. Mobile phone use among car drivers and motorcycle riders: The effect of problematic mobile phone use, attitudes, beliefs and perceived risk. Accident Analysis & Prevention 2020, 143, 105592 .
AMA StyleDuy Q. Nguyen-Phuoc, Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios, Diep Ngoc Su, Chris De Gruyter, Teron Nguyen. Mobile phone use among car drivers and motorcycle riders: The effect of problematic mobile phone use, attitudes, beliefs and perceived risk. Accident Analysis & Prevention. 2020; 143 ():105592.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDuy Q. Nguyen-Phuoc; Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios; Diep Ngoc Su; Chris De Gruyter; Teron Nguyen. 2020. "Mobile phone use among car drivers and motorcycle riders: The effect of problematic mobile phone use, attitudes, beliefs and perceived risk." Accident Analysis & Prevention 143, no. : 105592.
Duy Quy Nguyen-Phuoc; Chris De Gruyter; Ha Anh Nguyen; Teron Nguyen; Diep Ngoc Su. Risky behaviours associated with traffic crashes among app-based motorcycle taxi drivers in Vietnam. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 2020, 70, 249 -259.
AMA StyleDuy Quy Nguyen-Phuoc, Chris De Gruyter, Ha Anh Nguyen, Teron Nguyen, Diep Ngoc Su. Risky behaviours associated with traffic crashes among app-based motorcycle taxi drivers in Vietnam. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour. 2020; 70 ():249-259.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDuy Quy Nguyen-Phuoc; Chris De Gruyter; Ha Anh Nguyen; Teron Nguyen; Diep Ngoc Su. 2020. "Risky behaviours associated with traffic crashes among app-based motorcycle taxi drivers in Vietnam." Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 70, no. : 249-259.
Improving ride comfort for bus passengers experiencing vibrations under the excitation of road roughness is a meaningful solution to attract more public transport ridership. While many research studies have been conducted to simulate car and truck dynamics, few studies have studied bus dynamics. This study developed multi-degrees-of-freedom (3-DOF quarter, 5-DOF half and 9-DOF full) mathematical bus models in Matlab/Simulink and compared these models in calculating passenger ride comfort on buses operating along urban bus lanes. The comparison results have shown that the 9-DOF full bus model is the best alternative to measure passenger ride comfort within the error of 2%, as compared to 5-DOF half and 3-DOF quarter bus model with 7% and 20% error, respectively. However, the modelling complexity is much higher in cases of half and full bus models. The widely used quarter vehicle model for designing vehicle suspension and for evaluating road roughness are reasonable and pragmatic to minimise the complexity.
Teron Nguyen; Patrick Swolana; Bernhard Lechner; Yiik Diew Wong. A Comparison of Different Mathematical Bus Dynamics Models to Evaluate Road Roughness and Ride Comfort. Recent Advances in Computational Mechanics and Simulations 2020, 1683 -1690.
AMA StyleTeron Nguyen, Patrick Swolana, Bernhard Lechner, Yiik Diew Wong. A Comparison of Different Mathematical Bus Dynamics Models to Evaluate Road Roughness and Ride Comfort. Recent Advances in Computational Mechanics and Simulations. 2020; ():1683-1690.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTeron Nguyen; Patrick Swolana; Bernhard Lechner; Yiik Diew Wong. 2020. "A Comparison of Different Mathematical Bus Dynamics Models to Evaluate Road Roughness and Ride Comfort." Recent Advances in Computational Mechanics and Simulations , no. : 1683-1690.
In developing countries, traditional motorcycle taxis are operated as a type of public transport mode. Recently, the development of mobile technology has enabled this transport mode to become an app-based motorcycle taxi service, leading to a rapid increase in travel demand. However, the emergence of app-based motorcycle taxi riders is considered to contribute directly and indirectly to the high proportion of road traffic crashes through their risky riding behaviours. The associations between unhealthy habits such as smoking, drink riding and other risky behaviours among motorcyclists have received less attention. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the effect of unhealthy lifestyle behaviours on risky riding behaviours among app-based motorcycle taxi riders. This study also explores the prevalence of risky riding behaviours and their associations. An online survey and field surveys were carried out to obtain information about app-based motorcycle taxi riders’ demographics, work patterns and risky riding behaviours. More than 600 riders (mean age = 25.74 years, SD = 7.3), who were working in the three largest cities in Vietnam, completed a structured questionnaire. Binary logistic regression modelling showed that riders who regularly smoked and drunk alcohol were more likely to engage in the risky behaviours of smoking while riding and drink riding (Adj. OR = 18.61, 95%CI, p < 0.001 and Adj. OR = 9.02, 95%CI, p < 0.01 respectively). The results also indicated that those who sometimes smoked cigarettes were more likely not to wear helmets when riding (Adj. OR = 2.55, p < 0.01). While smoking habits were associated with smoking while riding and not wearing a helmet, most surveyed risky riding behaviours were associated with drinking habits. Significant associations between smoke/drink riding and all other risky riding behaviours were also found in this study. A better understanding of these relationships will help authorities and ride-hailing firms to improve safe riding behaviours among app-based motorcycle taxi riders.
Duy Quy Nguyen-Phuoc; Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios; Teron Nguyen; Diep Ngoc Su. The effects of unhealthy lifestyle behaviours on risky riding behaviours – A study on app-based motorcycle taxi riders in Vietnam. Journal of Transport & Health 2020, 16, 100666 .
AMA StyleDuy Quy Nguyen-Phuoc, Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios, Teron Nguyen, Diep Ngoc Su. The effects of unhealthy lifestyle behaviours on risky riding behaviours – A study on app-based motorcycle taxi riders in Vietnam. Journal of Transport & Health. 2020; 16 ():100666.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDuy Quy Nguyen-Phuoc; Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios; Teron Nguyen; Diep Ngoc Su. 2020. "The effects of unhealthy lifestyle behaviours on risky riding behaviours – A study on app-based motorcycle taxi riders in Vietnam." Journal of Transport & Health 16, no. : 100666.
Purpose With the development of smart technologies, Internet of Things and inexpensive onboard sensors, many response-based methods to evaluate road surface conditions have emerged in the recent decade. Various techniques and systems have been developed to measure road profiles and detect road anomalies for multiple purposes such as expedient maintenance of pavements and adaptive control of vehicle dynamics to improve ride comfort and ride handling. A holistic review of studies into modern response-based techniques for road pavement applications is found to be lacking. Herein, the focus of this article is threefold: to provide an overview of the state-of-the-art response-based methods, to highlight key differences between methods and thereby to propose key focus areas for future research. Methods Available articles regarding response-based methods to measure road surface condition were collected mainly from “Scopus” database and partially from “Google Scholar”. The search period is limited to the recent 15 years. Among the 130 reviewed documents, 37% are for road profile reconstruction, 39% for pothole detection and the remaining 24% for roughness index estimation. Results The results show that machine-learning techniques/data-driven methods have been used intensively with promising results but the disadvantages on data dependence have limited its application in some instances as compared to analytical/data processing methods. Recent algorithms to reconstruct/estimate road profiles are based mainly on passive suspension and quarter-vehicle-model, utilise fewer key parameters, being independent on speed variation and less computation for real-time/online applications. On the other hand, algorithms for pothole detection and road roughness index estimation are increasingly focusing on GPS accuracy, data aggregation and crowdsourcing platform for large-scale application. However, a novel and comprehensive system that is comparable to existing International Roughness Index and conventional Pavement Management System is still lacking.
Teron Nguyen; Bernhard Lechner; Yiik Diew Wong. Response-based methods to measure road surface irregularity: a state-of-the-art review. European Transport Research Review 2019, 11, 1 -18.
AMA StyleTeron Nguyen, Bernhard Lechner, Yiik Diew Wong. Response-based methods to measure road surface irregularity: a state-of-the-art review. European Transport Research Review. 2019; 11 (1):1-18.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTeron Nguyen; Bernhard Lechner; Yiik Diew Wong. 2019. "Response-based methods to measure road surface irregularity: a state-of-the-art review." European Transport Research Review 11, no. 1: 1-18.
The development of advanced technologies has led to the emergence of autonomous vehicles. Herein, autonomous public transport (APT) systems equipped with prioritization measures are being designed to operate at ever faster speeds compared to conventional buses. Innovative APT systems are configured to accommodate prevailing passenger demand for peak as well as non-peak periods, by electronic coupling and decoupling of platooned units along travel corridors, such as the dynamic autonomous road transit (DART) system being researched in Singapore. However, there is always the trade-off between high vehicle speed versus passenger ride comfort, especially lateral ride comfort. This study analyses a new APT system within the urban context and evaluates its performance using microscopic traffic simulation. The platooning protocol of autonomous vehicles was first developed for simulating the coupling/decoupling process. Platooning performance was then simulated on VISSIM platform for various scenarios to compare the performance of DART platooning under several ride comfort levels: three bus comfort and two railway criteria. The study revealed that it is feasible to operate the DART system following the bus standing comfort criterion (ay = 1.5 m/s2) without any significant impact on system travel time. For the DART system operating to maintain a ride comfort of the high-speed train (HST) and light rail transit (LRT), the delay can constitute up to ≈ 10% and ≈ 5% of travel time, respectively. This investigation is crucial for the system delay management towards precisely designed service frequency and improved passenger ride comfort.
Teron Nguyen; Meng Xie; Xiaodong Liu; Nimal Arunachalam; Andreas Rau; Bernhard Lechner; Fritz Busch; Y. D. Wong. Platooning of Autonomous Public Transport Vehicles: The Influence of Ride Comfort on Travel Delay. Sustainability 2019, 11, 5237 .
AMA StyleTeron Nguyen, Meng Xie, Xiaodong Liu, Nimal Arunachalam, Andreas Rau, Bernhard Lechner, Fritz Busch, Y. D. Wong. Platooning of Autonomous Public Transport Vehicles: The Influence of Ride Comfort on Travel Delay. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (19):5237.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTeron Nguyen; Meng Xie; Xiaodong Liu; Nimal Arunachalam; Andreas Rau; Bernhard Lechner; Fritz Busch; Y. D. Wong. 2019. "Platooning of Autonomous Public Transport Vehicles: The Influence of Ride Comfort on Travel Delay." Sustainability 11, no. 19: 5237.
Ride comfort is an important serviceability attribute for bus passengers, of which bus operating under the influence of road layout in urban roads is a prominent contributory factor. Passenger posture is another influencing factor that has not yet been investigated comprehensively. In this case study, ride comfort from road-induced lateral acceleration and lateral jerk was assessed by correlating subjective evaluation with bus operation performance parameters as well as road layout in Singapore. In the first bus run, a sample of 26 participants classified in three groups: sitting, leaning and standing postures, rode on the same bus along a 45-minute route. Ride comfort was worst-off for standing passengers and least uncomfortable for sitting passengers. A strong statistical correlation was found between participants’ subjective ratings with lateral acceleration and duration of turning movement. A second bus run was followed with a sample of 11 participants to collect additional passengers’ ratings. Lateral ride discomfort thresholds were thus established for bus negotiating roundabouts, intersections and along links. The three levels of ride discomfort are Uncomfortable, Very Uncomfortable and Extremely Uncomfortable with average lateral accelerations of ay = 1.5, 1.75 and 2.0m/s2, respectively. The lateral ride discomfort thresholds would be useful for several value-add applications which include better vehicle design including its interiors, and better vehicle handling about the road layout. With the advent of autonomous public transport (APT), the ride discomfort thresholds must also be considered as valuable input for APT vehicle operation.
Teron Nguyen; Nen NguyenDinh; Bernhard Lechner; Yiik Diew Wong. Insight into the lateral ride discomfort thresholds of young-adult bus passengers at multiple postures: Case of Singapore. Case Studies on Transport Policy 2019, 7, 617 -627.
AMA StyleTeron Nguyen, Nen NguyenDinh, Bernhard Lechner, Yiik Diew Wong. Insight into the lateral ride discomfort thresholds of young-adult bus passengers at multiple postures: Case of Singapore. Case Studies on Transport Policy. 2019; 7 (3):617-627.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTeron Nguyen; Nen NguyenDinh; Bernhard Lechner; Yiik Diew Wong. 2019. "Insight into the lateral ride discomfort thresholds of young-adult bus passengers at multiple postures: Case of Singapore." Case Studies on Transport Policy 7, no. 3: 617-627.
The road surface quality can be assessed with ride comfort indices because of their strong correlation. Many studies on ride comfort have focused on cars and trucks, but their results are not applicable to buses, which are characterised by inherently different vehicle dynamics. In this study, a quarter-vehicle simulation concept was used to develop a Bus Ride Index (BRI) for evaluating the effect of road irregularities on bus ride comfort. A BRI model was developed to optimise ride comfort depending on seat configuration and air suspension and validated according to technical data. The results show a good regression relationship between BRI and the International Roughness Index (IRI). New IRI thresholds with regard to ride comfort and bus operating speeds were established to serve as a benchmark to develop better pavement maintenance strategies for bus lanes and to estimate road quality based on acceleration data.
Teron Nguyen; Bernhard Lechner; Yiik Diew Wong; Jun Yew Tan. Bus Ride Index – a refined approach to evaluating road surface irregularities. Road Materials and Pavement Design 2019, 22, 423 -443.
AMA StyleTeron Nguyen, Bernhard Lechner, Yiik Diew Wong, Jun Yew Tan. Bus Ride Index – a refined approach to evaluating road surface irregularities. Road Materials and Pavement Design. 2019; 22 (2):423-443.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTeron Nguyen; Bernhard Lechner; Yiik Diew Wong; Jun Yew Tan. 2019. "Bus Ride Index – a refined approach to evaluating road surface irregularities." Road Materials and Pavement Design 22, no. 2: 423-443.
This contribution evaluates and improves the open-source “DFROUTER” tool that is contained in the SUMO traffic simulation suite. DFROUTER uses vehicle counts (e.g. from inductive loops) to calculate routes of vehicles through road networks. This approach is designed for highway corridors that are covered with measurement facilities at all entry and exit points. The study analyzes DFROUTER’s current functionality and compares it with other approaches that have a similar purpose. Tests performed using different networks and sensor coverage amounts are presented. Additionally, an extension to the software is presented that completes missing flows, increasing the correctness of the tool’s results.
TeRon V. Nguyen; Daniel Krajzewicz; Matthew Fullerton; Eric Nicolay. DFROUTER—Estimation of Vehicle Routes from Cross-Section Measurements. Sustainable Rail Transport 2015, 3 -23.
AMA StyleTeRon V. Nguyen, Daniel Krajzewicz, Matthew Fullerton, Eric Nicolay. DFROUTER—Estimation of Vehicle Routes from Cross-Section Measurements. Sustainable Rail Transport. 2015; ():3-23.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTeRon V. Nguyen; Daniel Krajzewicz; Matthew Fullerton; Eric Nicolay. 2015. "DFROUTER—Estimation of Vehicle Routes from Cross-Section Measurements." Sustainable Rail Transport , no. : 3-23.