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Prof. Yoshihiro Sakoda
Hokkaido University, Japan

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0 Influenza
0 Microbiology
0 Veterinary Medicine
0 Virology
0 Pestivirus

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Journal article
Published: 23 August 2021 in Viruses
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The GPE strain is a live attenuated vaccine for classical swine fever (CSF) developed in Japan. In the context of increasing attention for the differentiating infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA) concept, the achievement of CSF eradication with the GPE proposes it as a preferable backbone for a recombinant CSF marker vaccine. While its infectious cDNA clone, vGPE, is well characterized, 10 amino acid substitutions were recognized in the genome, compared to the original GPE vaccine seed. To clarify the GPE seed availability, this study aimed to generate and characterize a clone possessing the identical amino acid sequence to the GPE seed. The attempt resulted in the loss of the infectious GPE seed clone production due to the impaired replication by an amino acid substitution in the viral polymerase NS5B. Accordingly, replication-competent GPE seed variant clones were produced. Although they were mostly restricted to propagate in the tonsils of pigs, similarly to vGPE, their type I interferon-inducing capacity was significantly lower than that of vGPE. Taken together, vGPE mainly retains ideal properties for the CSF vaccine, compared with the seed variants, and is probably useful in the development of a CSF marker vaccine.

ACS Style

Taksoo Kim; Loc Tan Huynh; Shizuka Hirose; Manabu Igarashi; Takahiro Hiono; Norikazu Isoda; Yoshihiro Sakoda. Characteristics of Classical Swine Fever Virus Variants Derived from Live Attenuated GPE Vaccine Seed. Viruses 2021, 13, 1672 .

AMA Style

Taksoo Kim, Loc Tan Huynh, Shizuka Hirose, Manabu Igarashi, Takahiro Hiono, Norikazu Isoda, Yoshihiro Sakoda. Characteristics of Classical Swine Fever Virus Variants Derived from Live Attenuated GPE Vaccine Seed. Viruses. 2021; 13 (8):1672.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Taksoo Kim; Loc Tan Huynh; Shizuka Hirose; Manabu Igarashi; Takahiro Hiono; Norikazu Isoda; Yoshihiro Sakoda. 2021. "Characteristics of Classical Swine Fever Virus Variants Derived from Live Attenuated GPE Vaccine Seed." Viruses 13, no. 8: 1672.

Journal article
Published: 21 July 2021 in Pathogens
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Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) caused by BVD virus (BVDV) leads to economic loss worldwide. Cattle that are persistently infected (PI) with BVDV are known to play an important role in viral transmission in association with the animal movement, as they shed the virus during their lifetime. In this research, the “hot spot” for BVD transmission was estimated by combining phylogenetic and epidemiological analyses for PI cattle and cattle that lived together on BVDV affected farms in Tokachi district, Hokkaido prefecture, Japan. Viral isolates were genetically categorized into BVDV-1a, 1b, and 2a, based on the nucleotide sequence of the entire E2 region. In BVDV genotype 1, subgenotype b (BVDV-1b), cluster I was identified as the majority in Tokachi district. Network analysis indicated that 12 of the 15 affected farms had cattle movements from other facilities (PI-network) and farms affected with BVDV-1b cluster I consisted of a large network. It was implied that the number of cattle movements themselves would be a risk of BVD transmission, using the PageRank algorithm. Therefore, these results demonstrate that cattle movements would contribute to disease spread and the combination of virological and epidemiological analysis methods would be beneficial in determining possible virus transmission routes.

ACS Style

Shizuka Hirose; Kosuke Notsu; Satoshi Ito; Yoshihiro Sakoda; Norikazu Isoda. Transmission Dynamics of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Hokkaido, Japan by Phylogenetic and Epidemiological Network Approaches. Pathogens 2021, 10, 922 .

AMA Style

Shizuka Hirose, Kosuke Notsu, Satoshi Ito, Yoshihiro Sakoda, Norikazu Isoda. Transmission Dynamics of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Hokkaido, Japan by Phylogenetic and Epidemiological Network Approaches. Pathogens. 2021; 10 (8):922.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shizuka Hirose; Kosuke Notsu; Satoshi Ito; Yoshihiro Sakoda; Norikazu Isoda. 2021. "Transmission Dynamics of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Hokkaido, Japan by Phylogenetic and Epidemiological Network Approaches." Pathogens 10, no. 8: 922.

Journal article
Published: 11 May 2021 in Nature Communications
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Most anti-influenza drugs currently used, such as oseltamivir and zanamivir, inhibit the enzymatic activity of neuraminidase. However, neuraminidase inhibitor-resistant viruses have already been identified from various influenza virus isolates. Here, we report the development of a class of macrocyclic peptides that bind the influenza viral envelope protein hemagglutinin, named iHA. Of 28 iHAs examined, iHA-24 and iHA-100 have inhibitory effects on the in vitro replication of a wide range of Group 1 influenza viruses. In particular, iHA-100 bifunctionally inhibits hemagglutinin-mediated adsorption and membrane fusion through binding to the stalk domain of hemagglutinin. Moreover, iHA-100 shows powerful efficacy in inhibiting the growth of highly pathogenic influenza viruses and preventing severe pneumonia at later stages of infection in mouse and non-human primate cynomolgus macaque models. This study shows the potential for developing cyclic peptides that can be produced more efficiently than antibodies and have multiple functions as next-generation, mid-sized biomolecules.

ACS Style

Makoto Saito; Yasushi Itoh; Fumihiko Yasui; Tsubasa Munakata; Daisuke Yamane; Makoto Ozawa; Risa Ito; Takayuki Katoh; Hirohito Ishigaki; Misako Nakayama; Shintaro Shichinohe; Kenzaburo Yamaji; Naoki Yamamoto; Ai Ikejiri; Tomoko Honda; Takahiro Sanada; Yoshihiro Sakoda; Hiroshi Kida; Thi Quynh Mai Le; Yoshihiro Kawaoka; Kazumasa Ogasawara; Kyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara; Hiroaki Suga; Michinori Kohara. Macrocyclic peptides exhibit antiviral effects against influenza virus HA and prevent pneumonia in animal models. Nature Communications 2021, 12, 1 -11.

AMA Style

Makoto Saito, Yasushi Itoh, Fumihiko Yasui, Tsubasa Munakata, Daisuke Yamane, Makoto Ozawa, Risa Ito, Takayuki Katoh, Hirohito Ishigaki, Misako Nakayama, Shintaro Shichinohe, Kenzaburo Yamaji, Naoki Yamamoto, Ai Ikejiri, Tomoko Honda, Takahiro Sanada, Yoshihiro Sakoda, Hiroshi Kida, Thi Quynh Mai Le, Yoshihiro Kawaoka, Kazumasa Ogasawara, Kyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara, Hiroaki Suga, Michinori Kohara. Macrocyclic peptides exhibit antiviral effects against influenza virus HA and prevent pneumonia in animal models. Nature Communications. 2021; 12 (1):1-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Makoto Saito; Yasushi Itoh; Fumihiko Yasui; Tsubasa Munakata; Daisuke Yamane; Makoto Ozawa; Risa Ito; Takayuki Katoh; Hirohito Ishigaki; Misako Nakayama; Shintaro Shichinohe; Kenzaburo Yamaji; Naoki Yamamoto; Ai Ikejiri; Tomoko Honda; Takahiro Sanada; Yoshihiro Sakoda; Hiroshi Kida; Thi Quynh Mai Le; Yoshihiro Kawaoka; Kazumasa Ogasawara; Kyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara; Hiroaki Suga; Michinori Kohara. 2021. "Macrocyclic peptides exhibit antiviral effects against influenza virus HA and prevent pneumonia in animal models." Nature Communications 12, no. 1: 1-11.

Journal article
Published: 20 February 2021 in Viruses
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Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) in the wild boar population has been spreading in Japan, alongside outbreaks on pigs, since classical swine fever (CSF) reemerged in September 2018. The vaccination using oral bait vaccine was initially implemented in Gifu prefecture in March 2019. In the present study, antibodies against CSFV in wild boar were assessed in 1443 captured and dead wild boars in Gifu prefecture. After the implementation of oral vaccination, the increase of the proportion of seropositive animals and their titer in wild boars were confirmed. Quantitative analysis of antigen and antibodies against CSFV in wild boar implies potential disease diversity in the wild boar population. Animals with status in high virus replication (Ct < 30) and non- or low-immune response were confirmed and were sustained at a certain level after initial oral vaccination. Through continuous vaccination periods, the increase of seroprevalence among wild boar and the decrease of CSFV-positive animals were observed. The epidemiological analysis based on the quantitative virological outcomes could provide more information on the efficacy of oral vaccination and dynamics of CSF in the wild boar population, which will help to improve the implementation of control measures for CSF in countries such as Japan and neighboring countries.

ACS Style

Enkhbold Bazarragchaa; Norikazu Isoda; Taksoo Kim; Madoka Tetsuo; Satoshi Ito; Keita Matsuno; Yoshihiro Sakoda. Efficacy of Oral Vaccine against Classical Swine Fever in Wild Boar and Estimation of the Disease Dynamics in the Quantitative Approach. Viruses 2021, 13, 319 .

AMA Style

Enkhbold Bazarragchaa, Norikazu Isoda, Taksoo Kim, Madoka Tetsuo, Satoshi Ito, Keita Matsuno, Yoshihiro Sakoda. Efficacy of Oral Vaccine against Classical Swine Fever in Wild Boar and Estimation of the Disease Dynamics in the Quantitative Approach. Viruses. 2021; 13 (2):319.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Enkhbold Bazarragchaa; Norikazu Isoda; Taksoo Kim; Madoka Tetsuo; Satoshi Ito; Keita Matsuno; Yoshihiro Sakoda. 2021. "Efficacy of Oral Vaccine against Classical Swine Fever in Wild Boar and Estimation of the Disease Dynamics in the Quantitative Approach." Viruses 13, no. 2: 319.

Journal article
Published: 20 January 2021 in Viruses
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Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly transmissible and devastating disease that affects poultry and wild birds worldwide. Comprehensive knowledge regarding the characteristics and epidemiological factors of the ND virus (NDV) is critical for the control and prevention of ND. Effective vaccinations can prevent and control the spread of the NDV in poultry populations. For decades, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has reported the impacts of ND on commercial and traditional poultry farming systems. The reports were preliminary clinical observations, and few cases were confirmed in the laboratory. However, data on the phylogenetic, genetic, and virological characteristics of NDVs circulating in the DRC are not available. In this study, the whole-genome sequences of three NDV isolates obtained using the next-generation sequencing method revealed two isolates that were a new variant of NDV, and one isolate that was clustered in the subgenotype VII.2. All DRC isolates were velogenic and were antigenically closely related to the vaccine strains. Our findings reveal that despite the circulation of the new variant, ND can be controlled in the DRC using the current vaccine. However, epidemiological studies should be conducted to elucidate the endemicity of the disease so that better control strategies can be implemented.

ACS Style

Augustin Twabela; Lam Nguyen; Justin Masumu; Patrick Mpoyo; Serge Mpiana; Julienne Sumbu; Masatoshi Okamatsu; Keita Matsuno; Norikazu Isoda; Bianca Zecchin; Isabella Monne; Yoshihiro Sakoda. A New Variant Among Newcastle Disease Viruses Isolated in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2018 and 2019. Viruses 2021, 13, 151 .

AMA Style

Augustin Twabela, Lam Nguyen, Justin Masumu, Patrick Mpoyo, Serge Mpiana, Julienne Sumbu, Masatoshi Okamatsu, Keita Matsuno, Norikazu Isoda, Bianca Zecchin, Isabella Monne, Yoshihiro Sakoda. A New Variant Among Newcastle Disease Viruses Isolated in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2018 and 2019. Viruses. 2021; 13 (2):151.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Augustin Twabela; Lam Nguyen; Justin Masumu; Patrick Mpoyo; Serge Mpiana; Julienne Sumbu; Masatoshi Okamatsu; Keita Matsuno; Norikazu Isoda; Bianca Zecchin; Isabella Monne; Yoshihiro Sakoda. 2021. "A New Variant Among Newcastle Disease Viruses Isolated in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2018 and 2019." Viruses 13, no. 2: 151.

Journal article
Published: 16 December 2020 in Vaccines
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H4 influenza viruses have been isolated from birds across the world. In recent years, an H4 influenza virus infection has been confirmed in pigs. Pigs play an important role in the transmission of influenza viruses to human hosts. Therefore, it is important to develop a new vaccine in the case of an H4 influenza virus infection in humans, considering that this virus has a different antigenicity from seasonal human influenza viruses. In this study, after selecting vaccine candidate strains based on their antigenic relation to one of the pig isolates, A/swine/Missouri/A01727926/2015 (H4N6) (MO/15), an inactivated whole-particle vaccine was prepared from A/swan/Hokkaido/481102/2017 (H4N6). This vaccine showed high immunogenicity in mice, and the antibody induced by the vaccine showed high cross-reactivity to the MO/15 virus. This vaccine induced sufficient neutralizing antibodies and mitigated the effects of an MO/15 infection in a mouse model. This study is the first to suggest that an inactivated whole-particle vaccine prepared from an influenza virus isolated from wild birds is an effective countermeasure in case of a future influenza pandemic caused by the H4 influenza virus.

ACS Style

Hirotaka Hayashi; Norikazu Isoda; Enkhbold Bazarragchaa; Naoki Nomura; Keita Matsuno; Masatoshi Okamatsu; Hiroshi Kida; Yoshihiro Sakoda. Potency of an Inactivated Influenza Vaccine against a Challenge with A/Swine/Missouri/A01727926/2015 (H4N6) in Mice for Pandemic Preparedness. Vaccines 2020, 8, 768 .

AMA Style

Hirotaka Hayashi, Norikazu Isoda, Enkhbold Bazarragchaa, Naoki Nomura, Keita Matsuno, Masatoshi Okamatsu, Hiroshi Kida, Yoshihiro Sakoda. Potency of an Inactivated Influenza Vaccine against a Challenge with A/Swine/Missouri/A01727926/2015 (H4N6) in Mice for Pandemic Preparedness. Vaccines. 2020; 8 (4):768.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hirotaka Hayashi; Norikazu Isoda; Enkhbold Bazarragchaa; Naoki Nomura; Keita Matsuno; Masatoshi Okamatsu; Hiroshi Kida; Yoshihiro Sakoda. 2020. "Potency of an Inactivated Influenza Vaccine against a Challenge with A/Swine/Missouri/A01727926/2015 (H4N6) in Mice for Pandemic Preparedness." Vaccines 8, no. 4: 768.

Communication
Published: 14 December 2020 in Viruses
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Global dispersion of high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI), especially that caused by H5 clade 2.3.4.4, has threatened poultry industries and, potentially, human health. An HPAI virus, A/northern pintail/Hokkaido/M13/2020 (H5N8) (NP/Hok/20) belonging to clade 2.3.4.4b, was isolated from a fecal sample collected at a lake in Hokkaido, Japan where migratory birds rested, October 2020. In the phylogenetic trees of all eight gene segments, NP/Hok/20 fell into in the cluster of European isolates in 2020, but was distinct from the isolates in eastern Asia and Europe during the winter season of 2017–2018. The antigenic cartography indicates that the antigenicity of NP/Hok/20 was almost the same as that of previous isolates of H5 clade 2.3.4.4b, whereas the antigenic distances from NP/Hok/20 to the representative strains in clade 2.3.4.4e and to a strain in 2.3.4 were apparently distant. These data imply that HPAI virus clade 2.3.4.4b should have been delivered by bird migration despite the intercontinental distance, although it was not defined whether NP/Hok/20 was transported from Europe via Siberia where migratory birds nest in the summer season. Given the probability of perpetuation of transmission in the northern territory, periodic updates of intensive surveys on avian influenza at the global level are essential to prepare for future outbreaks of the HPAI virus.

ACS Style

Norikazu Isoda; Augustin T. Twabela; Enkhbold Bazarragchaa; Kohei Ogasawara; Hirotaka Hayashi; Zu-Jyun Wang; Daiki Kobayashi; Yukiko Watanabe; Keisuke Saito; Hiroshi Kida; Yoshihiro Sakoda. Re-Invasion of H5N8 High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus Clade 2.3.4.4b in Hokkaido, Japan, 2020. Viruses 2020, 12, 1439 .

AMA Style

Norikazu Isoda, Augustin T. Twabela, Enkhbold Bazarragchaa, Kohei Ogasawara, Hirotaka Hayashi, Zu-Jyun Wang, Daiki Kobayashi, Yukiko Watanabe, Keisuke Saito, Hiroshi Kida, Yoshihiro Sakoda. Re-Invasion of H5N8 High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus Clade 2.3.4.4b in Hokkaido, Japan, 2020. Viruses. 2020; 12 (12):1439.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Norikazu Isoda; Augustin T. Twabela; Enkhbold Bazarragchaa; Kohei Ogasawara; Hirotaka Hayashi; Zu-Jyun Wang; Daiki Kobayashi; Yukiko Watanabe; Keisuke Saito; Hiroshi Kida; Yoshihiro Sakoda. 2020. "Re-Invasion of H5N8 High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus Clade 2.3.4.4b in Hokkaido, Japan, 2020." Viruses 12, no. 12: 1439.

Journal article
Published: 08 December 2020 in Viruses
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Control measures in the case of high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks in poultry include culling, surveillance, and biosecurity; wild birds in captivity may also be culled, although some rare bird species should be rescued for conservation. In this study, two anti-influenza drugs, baloxavir marboxil (BXM) and peramivir (PR), used in humans, were examined in treating HPAI in birds, using chickens as a model. Chickens were infected with H5N6 HPAI virus and were treated immediately or 24 h from challenge with 20 mg/kg BXM or PR twice a day for five days. As per our findings, BXM significantly reduced virus replication in organs and provided full protection to chickens compared with that induced by PR. In the 24-h-delayed treatment, neither drug completely inhibited virus replication nor ensured the survival of infected chickens. A single administration of 2.5 mg/kg of BXM was determined as the minimum dose required to fully protect chickens from HPAI virus; the concentration of baloxavir acid, the active form of BXM, in chicken blood at this dose was sufficient for a 48 h antiviral effect post-administration. Thus, these data can be a starting point for the use of BXM and PR in treating captive wild birds infected with HPAI virus.

ACS Style

Augustin Twabela; Masatoshi Okamatsu; Keita Matsuno; Norikazu Isoda; Yoshihiro Sakoda. Evaluation of Baloxavir Marboxil and Peramivir for the Treatment of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza in Chickens. Viruses 2020, 12, 1407 .

AMA Style

Augustin Twabela, Masatoshi Okamatsu, Keita Matsuno, Norikazu Isoda, Yoshihiro Sakoda. Evaluation of Baloxavir Marboxil and Peramivir for the Treatment of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza in Chickens. Viruses. 2020; 12 (12):1407.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Augustin Twabela; Masatoshi Okamatsu; Keita Matsuno; Norikazu Isoda; Yoshihiro Sakoda. 2020. "Evaluation of Baloxavir Marboxil and Peramivir for the Treatment of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza in Chickens." Viruses 12, no. 12: 1407.

Journal article
Published: 05 July 2020 in Nutrients
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Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that is metabolized by the liver into 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and then by the kidney into 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D], which activates the vitamin D receptor expressed in various cells, including immune cells, for an overall immunostimulatory effect. Here, to investigate whether oral supplementation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3], a major form of vitamin D metabolite 25(OH)D, has a prophylactic effect on influenza A virus infection, mice were fed a diet containing a high dose of 25(OH)D3 and were challenged with the influenza virus. In the lungs of 25(OH)D3-fed mice, the viral titers were significantly lower than in the lungs of standardly fed mice. Additionally, the proinflammatory cytokines IL-5 and IFN-γ were significantly downregulated after viral infection in 25(OH)D3-fed mice, while anti-inflammatory cytokines were not significantly upregulated. These results indicate that 25(OH)D3 suppresses the production of inflammatory cytokines and reduces virus replication and clinical manifestations of influenza virus infection in a mouse model.

ACS Style

Hirotaka Hayashi; Masatoshi Okamatsu; Honami Ogasawara; Naoko Tsugawa; Norikazu Isoda; Keita Matsuno; Yoshihiro Sakoda. Oral Supplementation of the Vitamin D Metabolite 25(OH)D3 Against Influenza Virus Infection in Mice. Nutrients 2020, 12, 2000 .

AMA Style

Hirotaka Hayashi, Masatoshi Okamatsu, Honami Ogasawara, Naoko Tsugawa, Norikazu Isoda, Keita Matsuno, Yoshihiro Sakoda. Oral Supplementation of the Vitamin D Metabolite 25(OH)D3 Against Influenza Virus Infection in Mice. Nutrients. 2020; 12 (7):2000.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hirotaka Hayashi; Masatoshi Okamatsu; Honami Ogasawara; Naoko Tsugawa; Norikazu Isoda; Keita Matsuno; Yoshihiro Sakoda. 2020. "Oral Supplementation of the Vitamin D Metabolite 25(OH)D3 Against Influenza Virus Infection in Mice." Nutrients 12, no. 7: 2000.

Journal article
Published: 21 May 2020 in Scientific Reports
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Avian influenza viruses (AIV) are negative sense RNA viruses posing a major threat to the poultry industry worldwide, with the potential to spread to mammals, including humans; hence, an accurate and rapid AIV diagnosis is essential. To date AIV detection relies on molecular methods, mainly RT-qPCR directed against AIV M gene segment. The evolution of AIV represents a relevant issue in diagnostic RT-qPCR due to possible mispriming and/or probe-binding failures resulting in false negative results. Consequently, RT-qPCR for AIV detection should be periodically re-assessed both in silico and in vitro. To this end, a specific workflow was developed to evaluate in silico the complementarity of primers and probes of four published RT-qPCR protocols to their target regions. The four assays and one commercially available kit for AIV detection were evaluated both for their analytical sensitivity using eight different viral dilution panels and for their diagnostic performances against clinical specimens of known infectious status. Differences were observed among the tests under evaluation, both in terms of analytical sensitivity and of diagnostic performances. This finding confirms the importance of continuously monitoring the primers and probes complementarity to their binding regions.

ACS Style

Andrea Laconi; Andrea Fortin; Giulia Bedendo; Akihiro Shibata; Yoshihiro Sakoda; Joseph Adongo Awuni; Emilie Go-Maro; Abdelsatar Arafa; Ali Safar Maken Ali; Calogero Terregino; Isabella Monne. Detection of avian influenza virus: a comparative study of the in silico and in vitro performances of current RT-qPCR assays. Scientific Reports 2020, 10, 8441 .

AMA Style

Andrea Laconi, Andrea Fortin, Giulia Bedendo, Akihiro Shibata, Yoshihiro Sakoda, Joseph Adongo Awuni, Emilie Go-Maro, Abdelsatar Arafa, Ali Safar Maken Ali, Calogero Terregino, Isabella Monne. Detection of avian influenza virus: a comparative study of the in silico and in vitro performances of current RT-qPCR assays. Scientific Reports. 2020; 10 (1):8441.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrea Laconi; Andrea Fortin; Giulia Bedendo; Akihiro Shibata; Yoshihiro Sakoda; Joseph Adongo Awuni; Emilie Go-Maro; Abdelsatar Arafa; Ali Safar Maken Ali; Calogero Terregino; Isabella Monne. 2020. "Detection of avian influenza virus: a comparative study of the in silico and in vitro performances of current RT-qPCR assays." Scientific Reports 10, no. 1: 8441.

Original paper
Published: 19 May 2020 in Virus Genes
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The circulation of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) of various subtypes (e.g., H5N1, H5N6, H5N8, and H7N9) in poultry remains a global concern for animal and public health. Migratory waterfowls play important roles in the transmission of these viruses across countries. To monitor virus spread by wild birds, active surveillance for avian influenza in migratory waterfowl was conducted in Mongolia from 2015 to 2019. In total, 5000 fecal samples were collected from lakesides in central Mongolia, and 167 influenza A viruses were isolated. Two H5N3, four H7N3, and two H7N7 viruses were characterized in this study. The amino acid sequence at hemagglutinin (HA) cleavage site of those isolates suggested low pathogenicity in chickens. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all H5 and H7 viruses were closely related to recent H5 and H7 low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs) isolated from wild birds in Asia and Europe. Antigenicity of H7Nx was similar to those of typical non-pathogenic avian influenza viruses (AIVs). While HPAIVs or A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9)-related LPAIVs were not detected in migratory waterfowl in Mongolia, sporadic introductions of AIVs including H5 and H7 viruses into Mongolia through the wild bird migration were identified. Thus, continued monitoring of H5 and H7 AIVs in both domestic and wild birds is needed for the early detection of HPAIVs spread into the country.

ACS Style

Ankhanbaatar Ulaankhuu; Enkhbold Bazarragchaa; Masatoshi Okamatsu; Takahiro Hiono; Khishgee Bodisaikhan; Tsolmon Amartuvshin; Jargalsaikhan Tserenjav; Tsogtbaatar Urangoo; Khanui Buyantogtokh; Keita Matsuno; Takanari Hattori; Tatsunari Kondoh; Masahiro Sato; Yoshihiro Takadate; Shiho Torii; Mao Isono; Kosuke Okuya; Takeshi Saito; Nodoka Kasajima; Yurie Kida; Junki Maruyama; Manabu Igarashi; Ayato Takada; Hiroshi Kida; Damdinjav Batchuluun; Yoshihiro Sakoda. Genetic and antigenic characterization of H5 and H7 avian influenza viruses isolated from migratory waterfowl in Mongolia from 2017 to 2019. Virus Genes 2020, 56, 472 -479.

AMA Style

Ankhanbaatar Ulaankhuu, Enkhbold Bazarragchaa, Masatoshi Okamatsu, Takahiro Hiono, Khishgee Bodisaikhan, Tsolmon Amartuvshin, Jargalsaikhan Tserenjav, Tsogtbaatar Urangoo, Khanui Buyantogtokh, Keita Matsuno, Takanari Hattori, Tatsunari Kondoh, Masahiro Sato, Yoshihiro Takadate, Shiho Torii, Mao Isono, Kosuke Okuya, Takeshi Saito, Nodoka Kasajima, Yurie Kida, Junki Maruyama, Manabu Igarashi, Ayato Takada, Hiroshi Kida, Damdinjav Batchuluun, Yoshihiro Sakoda. Genetic and antigenic characterization of H5 and H7 avian influenza viruses isolated from migratory waterfowl in Mongolia from 2017 to 2019. Virus Genes. 2020; 56 (4):472-479.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ankhanbaatar Ulaankhuu; Enkhbold Bazarragchaa; Masatoshi Okamatsu; Takahiro Hiono; Khishgee Bodisaikhan; Tsolmon Amartuvshin; Jargalsaikhan Tserenjav; Tsogtbaatar Urangoo; Khanui Buyantogtokh; Keita Matsuno; Takanari Hattori; Tatsunari Kondoh; Masahiro Sato; Yoshihiro Takadate; Shiho Torii; Mao Isono; Kosuke Okuya; Takeshi Saito; Nodoka Kasajima; Yurie Kida; Junki Maruyama; Manabu Igarashi; Ayato Takada; Hiroshi Kida; Damdinjav Batchuluun; Yoshihiro Sakoda. 2020. "Genetic and antigenic characterization of H5 and H7 avian influenza viruses isolated from migratory waterfowl in Mongolia from 2017 to 2019." Virus Genes 56, no. 4: 472-479.

Journal article
Published: 04 March 2020 in Pathogens
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A serum neutralization test (SNT) is an essential method for the serological diagnosis of pestivirus infections, including classical swine fever, because of the cross reactivity of antibodies against pestiviruses and the non-quantitative properties of antibodies in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In conventional SNTs, an immunoperoxidase assay or observation of cytopathic effect after incubation for 3 to 7 days is needed to determine the SNT titer, which requires labor-intensive or time-consuming procedures. Therefore, a new SNT, based on the luciferase system and using classical swine fever virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, and border disease virus possessing the 11-amino-acid subunit derived from NanoLuc luciferase was developed and evaluated; this approach enabled the rapid and easy determination of the SNT titer using a luminometer. In the new method, SNT titers can be determined tentatively at 2 days post-infection (dpi) and are comparable to those obtained by conventional SNTs at 3 or 4 dpi. In conclusion, the luciferase-based SNT can replace conventional SNTs as a high-throughput antibody test for pestivirus infections.

ACS Style

Madoka Tetsuo; Keita Matsuno; Tomokazu Tamura; Takasuke Fukuhara; Taksoo Kim; Masatoshi Okamatsu; Norbert Tautz; Yoshiharu Matsuura; Yoshihiro Sakoda. Development of a High-Throughput Serum Neutralization Test Using Recombinant Pestiviruses Possessing a Small Reporter Tag. Pathogens 2020, 9, 188 .

AMA Style

Madoka Tetsuo, Keita Matsuno, Tomokazu Tamura, Takasuke Fukuhara, Taksoo Kim, Masatoshi Okamatsu, Norbert Tautz, Yoshiharu Matsuura, Yoshihiro Sakoda. Development of a High-Throughput Serum Neutralization Test Using Recombinant Pestiviruses Possessing a Small Reporter Tag. Pathogens. 2020; 9 (3):188.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Madoka Tetsuo; Keita Matsuno; Tomokazu Tamura; Takasuke Fukuhara; Taksoo Kim; Masatoshi Okamatsu; Norbert Tautz; Yoshiharu Matsuura; Yoshihiro Sakoda. 2020. "Development of a High-Throughput Serum Neutralization Test Using Recombinant Pestiviruses Possessing a Small Reporter Tag." Pathogens 9, no. 3: 188.

Journal article
Published: 13 February 2020 in Pathogens
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The prolongation of the classic swine fever (CSF) outbreak in Japan in 2018 was highly associated with the persistence and widespread of the CSF virus (CSFV) in the wild boar population. To investigate the dynamics of the CSF outbreak in wild boar, spatiotemporal analyses were performed. The positive rate of CSFV in wild boar fluctuated dramatically from March to June 2019, but finally stabilized at approximately 10%. The Euclidean distance from the initial CSF notified farm to the farthest infected wild boar of the day constantly increased over time since the initial outbreak except in the cases reported from Gunma and Saitama prefectures. The two-month-period prevalence, estimated using integrated nested Laplace approximation, reached >80% in half of the infected areas in March–April 2019. The area affected continued to expand despite the period prevalence decreasing up to October 2019. A large difference in the shapes of standard deviational ellipses and in the location of their centroids when including or excluding cases in Gunma and Saitama prefectures indicates that infections there were unlikely to have been caused simply by wild boar activities, and anthropogenic factors were likely involved. The emergence of concurrent space–time clusters in these areas after July 2019 indicated that CSF outbreaks were scattered by this point in time. The results of this epidemiological analysis help explain the dynamics of the spread of CSF and will aid in the implementation of control measures, including bait vaccination.

ACS Style

Norikazu Isoda; Kairi Baba; Satoshi Ito; Mitsugi Ito; Yoshihiro Sakoda; Kohei Makita. Dynamics of Classical Swine Fever Spread in Wild Boar in 2018–2019, Japan. Pathogens 2020, 9, 119 .

AMA Style

Norikazu Isoda, Kairi Baba, Satoshi Ito, Mitsugi Ito, Yoshihiro Sakoda, Kohei Makita. Dynamics of Classical Swine Fever Spread in Wild Boar in 2018–2019, Japan. Pathogens. 2020; 9 (2):119.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Norikazu Isoda; Kairi Baba; Satoshi Ito; Mitsugi Ito; Yoshihiro Sakoda; Kohei Makita. 2020. "Dynamics of Classical Swine Fever Spread in Wild Boar in 2018–2019, Japan." Pathogens 9, no. 2: 119.

Original article
Published: 14 January 2020 in Microbiology and Immunology
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Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) recognize sialic acid linked α2,3 to galactose (SAα2,3Gal) glycans as receptors. In this study, the interactions between hemagglutinins (HAs) of AIVs and sulfated SAα2,3Gal glycans were analyzed in order to clarify the molecular basis of interspecies transmission of AIVs from ducks to chickens. It was revealed that E190V and N192D substitutions of the HA increased the recovery of viruses derived from an H6 duck virus isolate, A/duck/Hong Kong/960/1980 (H6N2), in chickens. Recombinant HAs from an H6 chicken virus, A/chicken/Tainan/V156/1999 (H6N1), bound to sulfated SAα2,3Gal glycans, whereas the HAs from an H6 duck virus did not. Binding preference of mutant HAs revealed that an E190V substitution is critical for the recognition of sulfated SAα2,3Gal glycans. These results suggest that the binding of the HA from H6 AIVs to sulfated SAα2,3Gal glycans explains a part of mechanisms of interspecies transmission of AIVs from ducks to chickens. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

ACS Style

Yuto Kikutani; Masatoshi Okamatsu; Shoko Nishihara; Sayaka Takase‐Yoden; Takahiro Hiono; Robert de Vries; Ryan McBride; Keita Matsuno; Hiroshi Kida; Yoshihiro Sakoda. E190V substitution of H6 hemagglutinin is one of key factors for binding to sulfated sialylated glycan receptor and infection to chickens. Microbiology and Immunology 2020, 64, 304 -312.

AMA Style

Yuto Kikutani, Masatoshi Okamatsu, Shoko Nishihara, Sayaka Takase‐Yoden, Takahiro Hiono, Robert de Vries, Ryan McBride, Keita Matsuno, Hiroshi Kida, Yoshihiro Sakoda. E190V substitution of H6 hemagglutinin is one of key factors for binding to sulfated sialylated glycan receptor and infection to chickens. Microbiology and Immunology. 2020; 64 (4):304-312.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yuto Kikutani; Masatoshi Okamatsu; Shoko Nishihara; Sayaka Takase‐Yoden; Takahiro Hiono; Robert de Vries; Ryan McBride; Keita Matsuno; Hiroshi Kida; Yoshihiro Sakoda. 2020. "E190V substitution of H6 hemagglutinin is one of key factors for binding to sulfated sialylated glycan receptor and infection to chickens." Microbiology and Immunology 64, no. 4: 304-312.

Journal article
Published: 21 November 2019 in Infection, Genetics and Evolution
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During the annual surveillance of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in Vietnam in 2018, three H7N7 AIV isolates were identified in domestic ducks in a single flock in Vinh Long province. The present study is the first documented report of H7N7 virus isolates in Vietnam and aimed to characterize these viruses, both genetically and antigenically. Deduced amino acid sequences for the hemagglutinins (HAs) indicated a low pathogenicity of these viruses in chickens. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the H7 HA genes of these isolates were closely related to each other and belonged to the European–Asian sublineage, together with those of H7N3 viruses isolated from ducks in Cambodia during 2017. They were not genetically related to those of Chinese H7N9 or H7N1 viruses that were previously detected in Vietnam during 2012. Interestingly, the M genes of the two H7N7 virus isolates were phylogenetically classified into distinct groups, suggesting an ongoing reassortment event in domestic ducks because they were isolated from the same flock. These H7N7 viruses exhibited somewhat different antigenic characteristics compared with other representative H7 low pathogenic AIVs. Surprisingly, the antigenicity of Vietnamese H7N7 viruses is similar to Chinese H7N9 highly pathogenic AIV. The findings of this study suggest that H7N7 viruses may be undergoing reassortment and antigenic diversification in poultry flocks in Vietnam. The silent spread of Vietnamese H7N7 viruses in chickens may lead to acquire high pathogenicity in chickens although the zoonotic potential of the viruses seems to be low since these viruses retain typical avian-specific motifs in the receptor-binding site in the HA and there is no mutation related to mammalian adaptation in PB2 gene. Thus, these results highlight the need for continuous and intensive surveillance of avian influenza in Vietnam, targeting not only highly pathogenic AIVs but also low pathogenic viruses.

ACS Style

Kien Trung Le; Masatoshi Okamatsu; Lam Thanh Nguyen; Keita Matsuno; Duc-Huy Chu; Tien Ngoc Tien; Tung Thanh Le; Hiroshi Kida; Yoshihiro Sakoda. Genetic and antigenic characterization of the first H7N7 low pathogenic avian influenza viruses isolated in Vietnam. Infection, Genetics and Evolution 2019, 78, 104117 .

AMA Style

Kien Trung Le, Masatoshi Okamatsu, Lam Thanh Nguyen, Keita Matsuno, Duc-Huy Chu, Tien Ngoc Tien, Tung Thanh Le, Hiroshi Kida, Yoshihiro Sakoda. Genetic and antigenic characterization of the first H7N7 low pathogenic avian influenza viruses isolated in Vietnam. Infection, Genetics and Evolution. 2019; 78 ():104117.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kien Trung Le; Masatoshi Okamatsu; Lam Thanh Nguyen; Keita Matsuno; Duc-Huy Chu; Tien Ngoc Tien; Tung Thanh Le; Hiroshi Kida; Yoshihiro Sakoda. 2019. "Genetic and antigenic characterization of the first H7N7 low pathogenic avian influenza viruses isolated in Vietnam." Infection, Genetics and Evolution 78, no. : 104117.

Journal article
Published: 09 November 2019 in Virus Research
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Classical swine fever viruses (CSFVs) do typically not show cytopathic effect (CPE) in cell culture, while some strains such as vaccine strain the GPE− induce CPE in the swine kidney-derived CPK-NS cell line cultured in serum-free medium. These latter strains commonly lack Npro-mediated inhibition of type-I interferon (IFN) induction. In order to explore the molecular mechanisms of GPE−-induced CPE, we analyzed the cellular pathways involved. In CPK-NS cells infected with the attenuated-vaccine-derived vGPE− strain, both, apoptosis and necroptosis were induced. Necroptosis was type-I IFN-dependent and critical for visible CPE. In contrast, the parental virulent vALD-A76 strain did not induce any of these pathways nor CPE. We used reverse genetics to investigate which viral factors regulate these cell-death pathways. Interestingly, a mutant vGPE− in which the Npro function was restored to inhibit type-I IFN induction did not induce necroptosis nor CPE but still induced apoptosis, while an Npro-mutant vALD-A76 incapable of inhibiting type-I IFN production induced necroptosis and CPE. Although Erns of CSFV is reportedly involved in controlling apoptosis, apoptosis induction by vGPE− or apoptosis inhibition by vALD-A76 were independent of the unique amino acid difference found in Erns of these two strains. Altogether, these results demonstrate that type-I IFN-dependent necroptosis related to non-functional Npro is the main mechanism for CPE induction by vGPE−, and that viral factor(s) other than Erns may induce or inhibit apoptosis in vGPE− or vALD-A76 infected CPK-NS cells, respectively.

ACS Style

Yukari Itakura; Keita Matsuno; Asako Ito; Markus Gerber; Matthias Liniger; Yuri Fujimoto; Tomokazu Tamura; Ken-Ichiro Kameyama; Masatoshi Okamatsu; Nicolas Ruggli; Hiroshi Kida; Yoshihiro Sakoda. A cloned classical swine fever virus derived from the vaccine strain GPE− causes cytopathic effect in CPK-NS cells via type-I interferon-dependent necroptosis. Virus Research 2019, 276, 197809 .

AMA Style

Yukari Itakura, Keita Matsuno, Asako Ito, Markus Gerber, Matthias Liniger, Yuri Fujimoto, Tomokazu Tamura, Ken-Ichiro Kameyama, Masatoshi Okamatsu, Nicolas Ruggli, Hiroshi Kida, Yoshihiro Sakoda. A cloned classical swine fever virus derived from the vaccine strain GPE− causes cytopathic effect in CPK-NS cells via type-I interferon-dependent necroptosis. Virus Research. 2019; 276 ():197809.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yukari Itakura; Keita Matsuno; Asako Ito; Markus Gerber; Matthias Liniger; Yuri Fujimoto; Tomokazu Tamura; Ken-Ichiro Kameyama; Masatoshi Okamatsu; Nicolas Ruggli; Hiroshi Kida; Yoshihiro Sakoda. 2019. "A cloned classical swine fever virus derived from the vaccine strain GPE− causes cytopathic effect in CPK-NS cells via type-I interferon-dependent necroptosis." Virus Research 276, no. : 197809.

Original article
Published: 09 November 2019 in Archives of Virology
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In May 2017, high mortality of chickens and Muscovy ducks due to the H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) was reported in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DR Congo). In this study, we assessed the molecular, antigenic, and pathogenic features in poultry of the H5N8 HPAIV from the 2017 Congolese outbreaks. Phylogenetic analysis of the eight viral gene segments revealed that all 12 DR Congo isolates clustered in clade 2.3.4.4B together with other H5N8 HPAIVs isolated in Africa and Eurasia, suggesting a possible common origin of these viruses. Antigenically, a slight difference was observed between the Congolese isolates and a representative virus from group C in the same clade. After intranasal inoculation with a representative DR Congo virus, high pathogenicity was observed in chickens and Muscovy ducks but not in Pekin ducks. Viral replication was higher in chickens than in Muscovy duck and Pekin duck organs; however, neurotropism was pronounced in Muscovy ducks. Our data confirmed the high pathogenicity of the DR Congo virus in chickens and Muscovy ducks, as observed in the field. National awareness and strengthening surveillance in the region are needed to better control HPAIVs.

ACS Style

Augustin T. Twabela; Masatoshi Okamatsu; Georges Mbuyi Tshilenge; Serge Mpiana; Justin Masumu; Lam Thanh Nguyen; Keita Matsuno; Isabella Monne; Bianca Zecchin; Yoshihiro Sakoda. Molecular, antigenic, and pathogenic characterization of H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses isolated in the Democratic Republic of Congo in 2017. Archives of Virology 2019, 165, 87 -96.

AMA Style

Augustin T. Twabela, Masatoshi Okamatsu, Georges Mbuyi Tshilenge, Serge Mpiana, Justin Masumu, Lam Thanh Nguyen, Keita Matsuno, Isabella Monne, Bianca Zecchin, Yoshihiro Sakoda. Molecular, antigenic, and pathogenic characterization of H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses isolated in the Democratic Republic of Congo in 2017. Archives of Virology. 2019; 165 (1):87-96.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Augustin T. Twabela; Masatoshi Okamatsu; Georges Mbuyi Tshilenge; Serge Mpiana; Justin Masumu; Lam Thanh Nguyen; Keita Matsuno; Isabella Monne; Bianca Zecchin; Yoshihiro Sakoda. 2019. "Molecular, antigenic, and pathogenic characterization of H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses isolated in the Democratic Republic of Congo in 2017." Archives of Virology 165, no. 1: 87-96.

Journal article
Published: 24 October 2019 in Pathogens
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Since September 2018, nearly 900 notifications of classical swine fever (CSF) have been reported in Gifu Prefecture (Japan) affecting domestic pig and wild boar by the end of August 2019. To determine the epidemiological characteristics of its spread, a spatio-temporal analysis was performed using actual field data on the current epidemic. The spatial study, based on standard deviational ellipses of official CSF notifications, showed that the disease likely spread to the northeast part of the prefecture. A maximum significant spatial association estimated between CSF notifications was 23 km by the multi-distance spatial cluster analysis. A space-time permutation analysis identified two significant clusters with an approximate radius of 12 and 20 km and 124 and 98 days of duration, respectively. When the area of the identified clusters was overlaid on a map of habitat quality, approximately 82% and 75% of CSF notifications, respectively, were found in areas with potential contact between pigs and wild boar. The obtained results provide information on the current CSF epidemic, which is mainly driven by wild boar cases with sporadic outbreaks on domestic pig farms. These findings will help implement control measures in Gifu Prefecture.

ACS Style

Satoshi Ito; Cristina Jurado; Jaime Bosch; José Manuel Sánchez-Vizcaíno; Norikazu Isoda; Yoshihiro Sakoda. Role of Wild Boar in the Spread of Classical Swine Fever in Japan. Pathogens 2019, 8, 206 .

AMA Style

Satoshi Ito, Cristina Jurado, Jaime Bosch, José Manuel Sánchez-Vizcaíno, Norikazu Isoda, Yoshihiro Sakoda. Role of Wild Boar in the Spread of Classical Swine Fever in Japan. Pathogens. 2019; 8 (4):206.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Satoshi Ito; Cristina Jurado; Jaime Bosch; José Manuel Sánchez-Vizcaíno; Norikazu Isoda; Yoshihiro Sakoda. 2019. "Role of Wild Boar in the Spread of Classical Swine Fever in Japan." Pathogens 8, no. 4: 206.

Chapter
Published: 13 September 2019 in Glycoscience: Basic Science to Applications
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Influenza virus, Hemagglutin, Neuraminidase, Sialidase, Sulfatide

ACS Style

Takashi Suzuki; Masatoshi Okamatsu; Yoshihiro Sakoda; Taroh Kinoshita; Takane Katayama; Hiroshi Kiyono; Yoshiyuki Goto; Kaoru Takegawa; Naoaki Yokoyama; Yukari Fujimoto; Takashi Angata; Katsuki Ohtani; Nobutaka Wakamiya; Hisashi Arase; Shoko Nishihara; Yasuo Suda. Glycans in Infection and Immunity. Glycoscience: Basic Science to Applications 2019, 227 -257.

AMA Style

Takashi Suzuki, Masatoshi Okamatsu, Yoshihiro Sakoda, Taroh Kinoshita, Takane Katayama, Hiroshi Kiyono, Yoshiyuki Goto, Kaoru Takegawa, Naoaki Yokoyama, Yukari Fujimoto, Takashi Angata, Katsuki Ohtani, Nobutaka Wakamiya, Hisashi Arase, Shoko Nishihara, Yasuo Suda. Glycans in Infection and Immunity. Glycoscience: Basic Science to Applications. 2019; ():227-257.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Takashi Suzuki; Masatoshi Okamatsu; Yoshihiro Sakoda; Taroh Kinoshita; Takane Katayama; Hiroshi Kiyono; Yoshiyuki Goto; Kaoru Takegawa; Naoaki Yokoyama; Yukari Fujimoto; Takashi Angata; Katsuki Ohtani; Nobutaka Wakamiya; Hisashi Arase; Shoko Nishihara; Yasuo Suda. 2019. "Glycans in Infection and Immunity." Glycoscience: Basic Science to Applications , no. : 227-257.

Journal article
Published: 12 August 2019 in Scientific Reports
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Pandemic influenza, triggered by the mutation of a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (IFV), has caused considerable damage to public health. In order to identify such pandemic IFVs, antibodies that specifically recognize viral surface proteins have been widely used. However, since the analysis of a newly discovered virus is time consuming, this delays the availability of suitable detection antibodies, making this approach unsuitable for the early identification of pandemic IFVs. Here we propose a label-free semiconductor-based biosensor functionalized with sialic-acid-containing glycans for the rapid identification of the pandemic IFVs present in biological fluids. Specific glycans are able to recognize wild-type human and avian IFVs, suggesting that they are useful in discovering pandemic IFVs at the early stages of an outbreak. We successfully demonstrated that a dual-channel integrated FET biosensing system, which were modified with 6′-sialyllactose and 3′-sialyllactose for each gate area, can directly and specifically detect human H1N1 and avian H5N1 IFV particles, respectively, present in nasal mucus. Furthermore, to examine the possibility of identifying pandemic IFVs, the signal attributed to the detection of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) particles, which was selected as a prime model of a pandemic IFV, was clearly observed from both sensing gates. Our findings suggest that the proposed glycan-immobilized sensing system could be useful in identifying new pandemic IFVs at the source of an outbreak.

ACS Style

Sho Hideshima; Hiroki Hayashi; Hiroshi Hinou; Shunsuke Nambuya; Shigeki Kuroiwa; Takuya Nakanishi; Toshiyuki Momma; Shin-Ichiro Nishimura; Yoshihiro Sakoda; Tetsuya Osaka. Glycan-immobilized dual-channel field effect transistor biosensor for the rapid identification of pandemic influenza viral particles. Scientific Reports 2019, 9, 11616 .

AMA Style

Sho Hideshima, Hiroki Hayashi, Hiroshi Hinou, Shunsuke Nambuya, Shigeki Kuroiwa, Takuya Nakanishi, Toshiyuki Momma, Shin-Ichiro Nishimura, Yoshihiro Sakoda, Tetsuya Osaka. Glycan-immobilized dual-channel field effect transistor biosensor for the rapid identification of pandemic influenza viral particles. Scientific Reports. 2019; 9 (1):11616.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sho Hideshima; Hiroki Hayashi; Hiroshi Hinou; Shunsuke Nambuya; Shigeki Kuroiwa; Takuya Nakanishi; Toshiyuki Momma; Shin-Ichiro Nishimura; Yoshihiro Sakoda; Tetsuya Osaka. 2019. "Glycan-immobilized dual-channel field effect transistor biosensor for the rapid identification of pandemic influenza viral particles." Scientific Reports 9, no. 1: 11616.