Sailfin catfish indigenous to South America are very popular ornamental fish, having previously been introduced to many regions outside their native range. Two species, namely Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus and P. pardalis, are illegal but widespread in Indonesia. They have formed self-sustaining populations, exploited for feeding of domestic animals and locally for human consumption. Also possible hybrids of the two mentioned species were recorded. The surveyed populations were considered established which perfectly fits with the climate matching analysis. Further monitoring and inspection of regions highlighted to be suitable for sailfin catfish is recommended.

A study of nutrients, underwater light dynamics, and their correlation with phytoplankton biomass was conducted in the tropical estuary of Jakarta Bay, Indonesia, in the dry season during the period from 2001 to 2019. This study analyzed the spatial and temporal dynamics of phytoplankton biomass and its correlation with phytoplankton biomass. There was significant increase in nutrient concentration in Jakarta Bay, with annual means of 27.97 µM dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and 11.31 µM phosphates in 2001, increasing to 88.99 µM DIN and 25.92 µM phosphates in 2019. Increased mean nutrient concentrations were accompanied by increased mean phytoplankton biomass, from 15.81 µg Chl-a L⁻¹ in 2001 to 21.31 µg Chl-a L⁻¹ in 2019. The eutrophication status of Jakarta Bay waters was calculated using the Tropical Index for Marine Systems eutrophication index, which showed increased areas of hyper-eutrophic and eutrophic zones, while the mesotrophic area decreased. The hyper-eutrophic zone dominated the areas around river mouths and the inner part of the bay, while eutrophic status was observed in the middle part of the bay and mesotrophic status was found in the outer part of the bay. The area of hyper-eutrophic water increased 1.5-fold, from 75.1 km² in 2001 to 114.0 km² in 2019. Increasing eutrophication of the bay has had negative ecological consequences including algal blooms, hypoxic conditions, and mass mortality of marine biota, and it urgently requires remediation.

Cherax quadricarinatus is a parastacid crayfish native to parts of north-eastern Australia and southern New Guinea. It is a relatively large and highly fecund species in comparison with other crayfish of this genus. Since C. quadricarinatus was previously assessed as an invasive species in Indonesia, further monitoring of this species in this region was recommended. Detailed understanding of its spatial behaviour can be the basis for further research aimed at improved management. Field sampling was performed outside its native range in Java, Indonesia from 2019–2020, resulting in data useful for modelling the species' spatial distribution. The occurrence of the species was confirmed in 66 of 70 surveyed localities with 51 new records for Indonesia. Future investigations focused on the relationship between the spatial distribution and dispersal pattern of C. quadricarinatus and its interactions with native biota and entire ecosystems were recommended.