Shape and material optimization of building structures, including reducing the amount of concrete used, are very important aspects in sustainable construction. Numerical modelling is currently used very effectively to design optimized and sustainable structures, including their interaction with the surrounding rock environment. This paper is focused on the three selected factors of numerical modelling of fibre concrete slab and subsoil interaction: (1) the constitutive model of fibre concrete slab, (2) deformational and strength characteristics of subsoil, (3) effect of interface elements. The specialized geotechnical software Midas GTS NX, based on the finite element method, was used for the modelling of this task. Numerical results were compared with the experimental measurement of vertical displacements on the upper surface of slab. In the presented study, three constitutive models of slab recommended in MIDAS GTS NX code for modelling concrete behaviour (elastic, Mohr-Coulomb and Drucker-Prager) were applied. In addition, the sensitivity analysis with respect to the deformational and strength characteristics of subsoil was performed. The numerical study also presents the effect of the interface elements application on the slab behaviour. The numerical results of maximum vertical displacements based on the Drucker-Prager and elastic model underestimated both the experimental results and numerical results based on the Mohr-Coulomb model. From the qualitative point of view (shape of deflection curve), the numerical simulation showed the better agreement of the Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model with the experimental measurements in comparison with the other two investigated constitutive models. The performed parametric study documented that reduction of the strength and deformational characteristics of subsoil leads to the increase of maximum vertical displacements in the centre of slab, but the experimentally measured deflection curve, including uplift of slab and gapping occurrence between the slab and subsoil, was not achieved without the interface application.

The evaluation of support pressure ensuring tunnel's face stability during excavation using tunnel boring machines is one of the fundamental problems in tunnelling. This paper presents various approaches to this problem. The analytical models, based either on the principle of limit equilibrium or the limiting analysis (low boundary or upper boundary limiting methods), requires considerable simplification (circular tunnel, homogeneous rock mass etc.). But, on the other hand they are less time-consuming in comparison with the numerical models based on the finite element method. This paper describes the comparison of results of minimum face pressure obtained on the basis of different calculation methods with respect to the specific geometrical and material characteristics of the problem. Geotechnical software Midas GTS NX (based on finite element method) was used for presented numerical analysis. The paper also provides a comparison of modelling results with the results of the face pressure corresponding to the real excavation of the tunnel.

Design of a tunnel lining is complex task. The tunnel lining structure works in close interaction with the surrounding rock mass. The value of the load depends on geotechnical circumstances, primary lining, shape and size of opening, construction technology and as well on the temperature distribution in a lining that is determined by climatic conditions. The article deals with the temperatures in the tunnel lining that are brought about by air temperature changes in tunnel space and a constant temperature inside the rock mass. This problem is solved making use of temperature records in tunnel, on the inner and outer surface of the tunnel lining and in rock mass measured at a motorway Tunnel Klimkovice. These records are analyzed and submit to FE model of the tunnel lining so that the lining temperature state is converted for a lining stress state.

The final lining of mined tunnels using NATM is connected with the need to ensure long-term durability of the construction. The interaction between the secondary lining and surrounding rock mass is ensured by contact with the primary lining. Static load depends already on the interaction between tunnel lining and rock mass. Loading is given by geotechnical conditions, the size of the excavation, construction progress and very important is weather conditions. In this paper presents the results of long-term temperature measurements of the final lining of traffic tunnel. Measurement at selected tunnel pass over ten years. The monitoring results should be available for future design of the final lining of tunnel construction.