Dr Maklad is currently a senior lecturer in Mechanical Engineering at the University of Greenwich. Previously, he worked as a Postdoctoral Research Associate for two years at the Transient Flow Laboratory (TFL) at Liverpool John Moores University, conducting research on turbulent pulsatile flows using direct numerical simulations (DNS).Dr Maklad obtained his PhD in Mechanical Engineering in 2019 from the University of Liverpool within the Biomechanical Engineering Group studying the influence of fluid–structure interaction on human eye biomechanics. After his PhD, Osama worked as a research associate at the University of Liverpool Fluids Engineering Research Group on rheological characterisation of functionalised dipeptides, yield stress and viscoelastic fluids.