The development of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with nodes and spacers, designed to maximize their functional properties, is a challenge. Triazines exhibit better electron affinity than benzene-based aromatic rings; therefore, structures based on 1,3,5-substituted triazine-centered nodes are more stable than those from 1,3,5-benzene-linked COFs. Compared to COFs prepared from flat, rigid sp² carbon-linked triazine nodes, the O-linked flexible tripodal triazine-based COF demonstrates several unpredictable properties such as an increase in crystallinity and cavity size. In this study, the COF prepared from O-linked flexible 2,4,6-tris(p-formylphenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine serves as an excellent absorbent for removing methylene blue from water. Our results demonstrate that COF is highly stable in water and functions as a robust adsorbent. Its adsorption isotherm is consistent with the Langmuir model and its adsorption kinetics follows a pseudo-second order model. Moreover, the COF was characterized using elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, solid-state ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. It exhibited permanent porosity, a high specific surface area (279.5 m²·g^–1), and was chemically and thermally stable. Photophysical studies revealed that the COF exhibits a low bandgap energy value of 3.07 eV, indicating its semiconducting nature.

A new coordination polymer {[Zn(TIPA)(seb)_0.5](NO₃)·3.5H₂O}_n (1) (TIPA = tris(4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)phenyl)amine, seb = sebacic acid) is prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 has a three-dimensional (3D) 2-fold interpenetrating diamondoid network, and can be represented by the Schläfli symbol {3³·4³·5⁴·6⁴·7}. The luminescent, optical, and thermal properties of 1 in the solid state are investigated. Significantly, 1 assists in the photo-degradation of organic dyes in the presence of H₂O₂ and upon irradiation with UV light (λ = 254 nm). A mechanistic study toward understanding the photocatalytic degradation of organic dye molecules is carried out. The study reveals that the band gap of the fluorophore TIPA is lowered by the charge interaction between the Zn²⁺ cation and ligand seb²⁻ dianion. The enhanced photocatalysis of 1 is also accompanied by the selective sensing of polar organic solvent nitromethane (NM) and antibiotic ofloxacin (OFX) by a luminescence quenching process. Concurrently, 1 demonstrates excellent ability to adsorb inorganic pollutant permanganate ions likely due to the presence of its unique 3D structural network.

3D perspective view ofBTT-BTDDA-COFand illustration of arylboronic acid hydroxylation under blue light.

Conjugated microporous polymer (CMP) networks are an emerging class of porous organic material composed of pre-designed functional structures and tailored components. CMP have shown promising perspectives in energy harnessing, conversion and storage, which make them more conducive to the design of high-performance supercapacitors. In this study, a –NH–bonded 2D-conjugated microporous polymer (CC-DAQ-CMP) was prepared by the condensation of 2,6-diaminanthraquinone (DAQ) with nitrogen-rich cyanuric chloride (CC). The microporous organic polymer materials CC-DAQ-CMP were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, XPS, XRD, SEM and N₂ adsorption–desorption methods. The results show that CC-DAQ-CMP has good stability, large specific surface area and abundant pore structure. As the electrode material of supercapacitors, it has a high specific capacitance (184.25 F g⁻¹). The results demonstrated that the structure and electrochemical properties of conjugated microporous polymer materials can be improved effectively by changing the monomers, which provides a new way for the application of conjugated microporous polymer materials in high-performance supercapacitors.

Model compounds were used to provide some chemical boundaries for the eight-fraction SAR-AD^TM characterization method for heavy oils. It was found that the Saturates fraction consists of linear and highly cyclic alkanes; the Aro-1 fraction consists of molecules with a single aromatic ring; the Aro-2 fraction consists of mostly 2 and 3-ring fused aromatic molecules, the pericondensed 4-ring molecule pyrene, and molecules with 3–5 rings that are not fused; and the Aro-3 fraction consists of 4-membered linear and catacondensed aromatics, larger pericondensed aromatics, and large polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The Resins fraction consists of mostly fused aromatic ring systems containing polar functional groups and metallated polar vanadium oxide porphyrin compounds, and the Asphaltene fraction consists of both island- and archipelago-type structures with a broad range of molecular weight variation, aromaticity, and heteroatom contents. The behavior of the eight SAR-AD^TM fractions during hydrocracking and pyrolysis was investigated, and quantitative relations were established. Intercriteria analysis and evaluation of SAR-AD^TM data of hydrocracked vacuum residue and sediment formation rate in commercial ebullated bed vacuum residue hydrocracking were performed. It showed that total asphaltene content, toluene-soluble asphaltenes, and colloidal instability index contribute to sediment formation, while Resins and Cyclohexane-soluble asphaltenes had no statistically meaningful relation to sediment formation for the studied range of operation conditions.