In the mineral part of the teeth the calcium phosphates and calcium carbonates are combined in a collagen with the mucopolysaccharides of the organic matrix. The infection on the tooth surface caused by bacteria can modify the tooth structures resulting in the tooth decay. In order to determine the modification on the tooth structure the use of thermal analysis technique is proposed. With this aim is fundamental the definition of an experimental protocol for the preparation of the sample under examination that does not modify the structure of the tooth. Preliminary experimental results confirm the capability of the measurement technique pointed out to correctly classify the modification of the tooth structure due to the aging or the carious.

University “Ovidius” of Constanța, Faculty of Medicine, in collaboration with the Diving Center, has conducted several research studies regarding the evolution of the vital functions of divers in the hyperbaric environment. Their breathing is constantly adapting to withstand the physiological changes. Reducing the residual volume of the lungs is an essential parameter for improving respiratory function in the event of increased physical effort. The residual volume cannot be determined by spirometry. The medical researchers and engineers developed an original test plan and verified the residual volume of the subjects, by experimental determinations on groups of divers, during simulated diving, with air, at 18 m, in the Hyperbaric Complex of the Diving Center. The study is useful in the prevention of occupational diseases specific to divers and in knowing their limits of adaptation to the hyperbaric environment.

Introduction: Over the years, welding fumes’ harmful effects have been demonstrated countless times in the scientific literature. Recently, studies in the field have shown an increasing interest in the negative consequences that these fumes may have on the tissues of the oral cavity. Materials & method: The current study aimed to investigate the impact that welding fumes have on the structure of human dental enamel by analyzing the microhardness of the dental enamel in 15 extracted human teeth, after various exposure times, using the Vickers method. Results: The results obtained after 48, 96, 168, and 336 h of direct exposure of the extracted specimens to the welding fumes show a statistically significant increase in the depreciation of the dental enamel’s microhardness, related to the duration of exposure (p < 0.05). An average of 305 Vickers units was observed at the longest exposure time, 336 h, in the present study, whereas in the control group, the microhardness analysis showed an average of 327 Vickers units.