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Dr. Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver
Universitat de Lleida

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0 Digestibility
0 Gut microbiome
0 in vitro and in vivo assays
0 Green House Gas Emissions From Agriculture
0 Digestive Efficiency

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Journal article
Published: 19 July 2021 in Animals
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The aim of this study was to determine N recovery and irreversible losses (i.e., through NH3-N volatilization) from manure in two different housing systems throughout a year using an N mass balance approach. Dietary, milk, and manure N were monitored together with outside temperatures in six dairy barns during six months, comprising two different seasons. Three barns were designed as conventional free stalls (cubicle, CUB) and the other three barns as compost-bedded packs (CB). All the barns were located in the Ebro’s valley, in the northeast of Spain. Mass N balance was performed simultaneously in the six barns, during two three-month periods (Season I and II) and sampling at a 15-day interval. Results of ANOVA analysis showed that annual N retained in manure (kg/head per year) from cows housed in CUB barns was significantly higher than in manure from cows housed in CB (133.5 vs. 70.9, p< 0.001), while the opposite was observed for N losses (26.9 vs. 84.8, for CUB and CB barn, respectively; p< 0.005). The annual mean proportion of irreversible N loss from manure in relation to N intake was much lower in barns using conventional free-stall cubicles than the mean ratio registered in bedded pack systems barns.

ACS Style

Esperanza Fuertes; Ahmad Seradj; Jordi Maynegre Santaularia; Daniel Villalba Mata; Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver; Joaquim Balcells Teres. Annual Nitrogen Balance from Dairy Barns, Comparison between Cubicle and Compost-Bedded Pack Housing Systems in the Northeast of Spain. Animals 2021, 11, 2136 .

AMA Style

Esperanza Fuertes, Ahmad Seradj, Jordi Maynegre Santaularia, Daniel Villalba Mata, Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver, Joaquim Balcells Teres. Annual Nitrogen Balance from Dairy Barns, Comparison between Cubicle and Compost-Bedded Pack Housing Systems in the Northeast of Spain. Animals. 2021; 11 (7):2136.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Esperanza Fuertes; Ahmad Seradj; Jordi Maynegre Santaularia; Daniel Villalba Mata; Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver; Joaquim Balcells Teres. 2021. "Annual Nitrogen Balance from Dairy Barns, Comparison between Cubicle and Compost-Bedded Pack Housing Systems in the Northeast of Spain." Animals 11, no. 7: 2136.

Journal article
Published: 04 June 2021 in Animal
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Differences in producing performance and organoleptic meat characteristics among pig genotypes and/or producing types are widely known. These parameters are also subjected to the animal’s development, feeding and management. Detailed knowledge of the effects of production phase (PP), pig producing type (PT), dietary protein availability and their interactions on nutrient digestibility, nitrogen balance and protein metabolism is essential information to improve precision feeding techniques. The experiment was a 2 (PP) × 2 (PT) × 2 (diet) factorial design conducted with 32 male pigs, 16 entire F2 pigs progeny of Pietrain sires and Duroc × Landrace dams, and 16 castrated purebred Durocs belonging to two production phases (growing: 29.5 ± 3.19 v. fattening: 88.6 ± 6.26 kg BW), and assigned to one of two dietary CP levels, either standard (SP: 17% in growing and 15% in fattening) or low (LP: 15% in growing and 13% in fattening). Viscera and muscle fractional protein synthesis rates (FSRs; %/day) were conducted through a single infusion of 15% L-[ring-2H5]-phenylalanine, with subsequent blood sampling from 12 to 40 min, and sample collection of liver, duodenum, biceps femoris and longissimus dorsi skeletal muscles after sacrifice. Fattening animals acquired a greater feed ingestion capacity, average daily gain (P < 0.01) and apparent ileal digestibility, whereas growing pigs showed higher FSRs in both viscera (duodenum and liver) and in longissimus dorsi. F2 pigs showed higher average daily gain, nitrogen retention rates and FSR in liver and longissimus dorsi (P < 0.01). Nevertheless, apparent ileal digestibility in all essential amino acids was lower in F2 compared with Duroc pigs (P < 0.05). Protein metabolism was barely influenced by dietary CP content, although animals fed LP registered the lowest apparent ileal digestibility for CP and also for most of the essential amino acids compared with SP-fed pigs. This information may reveal differences in amino acid requirements between both PTs, with Duroc pigs receiving excess of dietary amino acids.

ACS Style

L. Sarri; J. Balcells; G. de la Fuente; M. Tor; J. Gómez-Arrue; A.R. Seradj. Evolution of viscera and muscle fractional protein synthesis rate in lean meat selected hybrids and castrated Duroc pigs fed under moderate crude protein restriction. Animal 2021, 15, 100220 .

AMA Style

L. Sarri, J. Balcells, G. de la Fuente, M. Tor, J. Gómez-Arrue, A.R. Seradj. Evolution of viscera and muscle fractional protein synthesis rate in lean meat selected hybrids and castrated Duroc pigs fed under moderate crude protein restriction. Animal. 2021; 15 (6):100220.

Chicago/Turabian Style

L. Sarri; J. Balcells; G. de la Fuente; M. Tor; J. Gómez-Arrue; A.R. Seradj. 2021. "Evolution of viscera and muscle fractional protein synthesis rate in lean meat selected hybrids and castrated Duroc pigs fed under moderate crude protein restriction." Animal 15, no. 6: 100220.

Journal article
Published: 28 March 2021 in Animals
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Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is the most common cardiac disease in dogs. It varies from dogs without clinical signs to those developing left-sided congestive heart failure, leading to death. Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCSs) are particularly susceptible to MMVD. We hypothesised that within the elderly CKCS population, there is a sub-cohort of MMVD-affected dogs that do not have cardiac remodelling. The objectives of the present study were (i) to determine the prevalence and the degree of cardiac remodelling associated with MMVD; and (ii) assess the effect of age, gender, and body weight on echocardiographic status in a population of aged CKCSs. A total of 126 CKCSs ≥ 8 years old were prospectively included. They all had a physical and echocardiographic examination. A systolic murmur was detected in 89% of dogs; the presence of clinical signs was reported in 19% of them; and echocardiographic evidence of MMVD was described in 100%. Despite the high prevalence, 44.4% of the dogs were clear of echocardiographic signs of cardiac remodelling. Age was significantly associated with the presence and severity of cardiac remodelling and mitral valve prolapse. Our results showed that a proportion of elderly CKCS with confirmed MMVD did not undergo advanced stages of this pathology.

ACS Style

Jorge Prieto Ramos; Andrea Corda; Simon Swift; Laura Saderi; Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver; Brendan Corcoran; Kim Summers; Anne French. Clinical and Echocardiographic Findings in an Aged Population of Cavalier King Charles Spaniels. Animals 2021, 11, 949 .

AMA Style

Jorge Prieto Ramos, Andrea Corda, Simon Swift, Laura Saderi, Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver, Brendan Corcoran, Kim Summers, Anne French. Clinical and Echocardiographic Findings in an Aged Population of Cavalier King Charles Spaniels. Animals. 2021; 11 (4):949.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jorge Prieto Ramos; Andrea Corda; Simon Swift; Laura Saderi; Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver; Brendan Corcoran; Kim Summers; Anne French. 2021. "Clinical and Echocardiographic Findings in an Aged Population of Cavalier King Charles Spaniels." Animals 11, no. 4: 949.

Journal article
Published: 25 September 2020 in Animals
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In order to reduce dietary nitrogen and achieve an efficient protein deposition as well as decrease N wastage, we challenged the nutrient utilization efficiency of two different producing types in front of a dietary crude protein (CP) restriction and studied the role of the microbiota in such an adaptation process. Therefore, 32 pure castrated male Duroc (DU) and 32 entire male hybrid (F2) piglets were raised in a three-phase feeding regime. At each phase, two iso caloric diets differing in CP content, also known as normal protein (NP) and low protein (LP), were fed to the animals. LP diets had a fixed restriction (2%) in CP content in regards to NP ones throughout the phases of the experiment. At the end of third phase, fecal samples were collected for microbiota analysis purposes and greenhouse gases emissions, together with ammonia, were tested. No changes were found in average daily feed intake (ADFI) of animals of two producing types (Duroc vs. F2) or those consumed different experimental diets (NP vs. LP) throughout the course of study. However, at the end of each experimental phase the average body weight (BW) of hybrid animals were higher compared to Duroc pigs, whereas a reverse trend was observed for average daily gain (ADG), where Duroc pigs showed greater values with respect to hybrid ones. Despite, greater CH4 and ammonia emissions in Duroc pigs with respect to F2, no significant differences were found in contaminant gases emissions between diets. Moreover, LP diets did not alter the microbial community structure, in terms of diversity, although some genera were affected by the dietary challenge. Results suggest that the impact of reducing 2% of CP content was limited for reduction in contaminant gases emissions and highlight the hypothesis that moderate change in the dietary protein levels can be overcome by long-term adaptation of the gut microbiota. Overall, the influence of the producing type on performance and digestive microbiota composition was more pronounced than the dietary effect. However, both producing types responded differently to CP restriction. The use of fecal microbiota as biomarker for predicting feed efficiency has a great potential that should be completed with robust predictive models to achieve consistent and valid results.

ACS Style

Ahmad Reza Seradj; Joaquim Balcells; Laura Sarri; Lorenzo José Fraile; Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver. The Impact of Producing Type and Dietary Crude Protein on Animal Performances and Microbiota Together with Greenhouse Gases Emissions in Growing Pigs. Animals 2020, 10, 1742 .

AMA Style

Ahmad Reza Seradj, Joaquim Balcells, Laura Sarri, Lorenzo José Fraile, Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver. The Impact of Producing Type and Dietary Crude Protein on Animal Performances and Microbiota Together with Greenhouse Gases Emissions in Growing Pigs. Animals. 2020; 10 (10):1742.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmad Reza Seradj; Joaquim Balcells; Laura Sarri; Lorenzo José Fraile; Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver. 2020. "The Impact of Producing Type and Dietary Crude Protein on Animal Performances and Microbiota Together with Greenhouse Gases Emissions in Growing Pigs." Animals 10, no. 10: 1742.

Journal article
Published: 08 September 2020 in Animal Feed Science and Technology
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Ruminal acidosis can penalize cattle performance and modify ruminal microbiota composition; in that sense, providing quality forage may be a useful tool to cope with such dysfunction. This assay aimed to control animals’ performance and assess ruminal microbiota shifts and interactions when fattening Holstein bulls are fed corn-based concentrate and different quality forages. Thirty animals (from 119 to 332 d of age and from 164 to 511 kg body weight [BW]) were fed corn-based concentrate and were allotted to three experimental treatments or forage sources: barley straw, considered as control (Hordeum vulgare, CTR), oats haylage (Avena sativa, OATS) or vetch haylage (Vicia sativa, VETCH). Both concentrate and forage were supplied ad libitum in a free choice system and animals had free access to drinking water. Bulls’ BW and concentrate intake were automatically recorded on a daily basis. Feces and ruminal fluid were sampled twice, during the growing period (158 d of age and 220 kg BW) and during the finishing period (280 d of age and 434 kg BW), for digestibility, ruminal fermentation and microbial population characterization. No differences in concentrate intake or BW could be detected between CTR and OATS-fed animals; however, VETCH-fed bulls had lower concentrate intake (P < 0.047) and slaughter BW (P = 0.034) than CTR. The use of oats haylage as forage source did not affect nutrient apparent digestibility rates but vetch haylage did penalize dry matter (P = 0.048) and crude protein (P < 0.001) digestibility in finishing animals. Differences in neither ruminal volatile fatty acids concentration nor pH were detected, but acetate-to-propionate ratio increased with the incorporation of vetch haylage in diet (P < 0.041). Ammonia-nitrogen concentration in ruminal fluid was low (20.63 ± 2.55 mg/L) but it significantly improved when oats (P = 0.001, only in finishing) and vetch (P = 0.001) haylage were provided. Core microbial community gathered 75 % of analyzed sequences; however, ruminal microbial community was different between CTR and OATS (P < 0.001) or VETCH (P < 0.001) bulls. Shannon and Simpson diversity indexes were improved by quality forage feeding, mainly during the growing period (P < 0.081 in OATS and P < 0.004 in VETCH). Microbial network analysis revealed that the use of oats or vetch haylage promoted an increase in the overall network complexity, basically in terms of node degree and betweenness centrality. Some lactate-degrader genera were found to be central nodes in the microbial network when quality forage was provided, highlighting their probable implication in ruminal acidosis prevention.

ACS Style

Sandra Costa-Roura; Joaquim Balcells; Gabriel de la Fuente; Jesús Mora-Gil; Núria Llanes; Daniel Villalba. Nutrient utilization efficiency, ruminal fermentation and microbial community in Holstein bulls fed concentrate-based diets with different forage source. Animal Feed Science and Technology 2020, 269, 114662 .

AMA Style

Sandra Costa-Roura, Joaquim Balcells, Gabriel de la Fuente, Jesús Mora-Gil, Núria Llanes, Daniel Villalba. Nutrient utilization efficiency, ruminal fermentation and microbial community in Holstein bulls fed concentrate-based diets with different forage source. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 2020; 269 ():114662.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sandra Costa-Roura; Joaquim Balcells; Gabriel de la Fuente; Jesús Mora-Gil; Núria Llanes; Daniel Villalba. 2020. "Nutrient utilization efficiency, ruminal fermentation and microbial community in Holstein bulls fed concentrate-based diets with different forage source." Animal Feed Science and Technology 269, no. : 114662.

Journal article
Published: 24 March 2020 in Animal Feed Science and Technology
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The aim of this work was to study the impact of a crude protein (CP) restriction on performance, ruminal fermentation and microbial community composition in fattening Holstein bulls (from 118 to 331 d of age and from 165 to 522 kg body weight [BW]) fed high-concentrate diets. Twenty animals were assigned to two dietary treatments: concentrate CP was formulated either based on the levels used commercially (CTR: 140 g CP/kg dry matter [DM]) or reducing them (LP: 120 g CP/kg DM). Concentrate was supplemented with barley straw and both were supplied ad libitum. Animal BW and concentrate intake were automatically recorded on a daily basis. Feces, urine and ruminal fluid were sampled twice, during the growing period (160 d of age and 225 kg BW) and during the finishing period (280 d of age and 444 kg BW), for digestibility, ruminal fermentation and microbial population characterization. No differences in BW or cumulated concentrate intake were found between treatments, despite the fact that average daily gain was lower in LP group at the beginning of the growing period (P < 0.001). Crude protein limitation did not penalize dry matter (P = 0.654) or organic matter (P = 0.526) apparent digestibility, but it did affect CP apparent digestibility during the finishing period (P = 0.042). Nitrogen (N) excretion was greater in CTR animals (P = 0.017). Regardless of treatment (P = 0.511), ruminal ammonia-N concentration was low (4.36 ± 1.01 mg/L). Even though 135 OTUs (out of 489) were shared between treatments and periods (gathering 98.7 % of analyzed sequences), ruminal microbial community composition was different between periods (P = 0.003) and also between diets in either growing (P < 0.001) or finishing (P = 0.046) bulls. Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were the three dominant phyla and Prevotella ruminicola was the most abundant species. Ruminal microbial biodiversity was low but increased with age (P = 0.002 for Shannon index and P = 0.035 for Simpson index), as well as, ruminal microbial heterogeneity. Crude protein limitation increased functional interdependency among microbial genera, so LP-fed bulls were found to have a more complex microbiota community structure than CTR-fed bulls. No relevant correlations between microbial genera and ruminal fermentation parameters were detected.

ACS Style

Sandra Costa-Roura; Joaquim Balcells; Gabriel de la Fuente; Jesús Mora-Gil; Núria Llanes; Daniel Villalba. Effects of protein restriction on performance, ruminal fermentation and microbial community in Holstein bulls fed high-concentrate diets. Animal Feed Science and Technology 2020, 264, 114479 .

AMA Style

Sandra Costa-Roura, Joaquim Balcells, Gabriel de la Fuente, Jesús Mora-Gil, Núria Llanes, Daniel Villalba. Effects of protein restriction on performance, ruminal fermentation and microbial community in Holstein bulls fed high-concentrate diets. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 2020; 264 ():114479.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sandra Costa-Roura; Joaquim Balcells; Gabriel de la Fuente; Jesús Mora-Gil; Núria Llanes; Daniel Villalba. 2020. "Effects of protein restriction on performance, ruminal fermentation and microbial community in Holstein bulls fed high-concentrate diets." Animal Feed Science and Technology 264, no. : 114479.

Journal article
Published: 20 September 2018 in Animal Feed Science and Technology
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Sixty-four cross bred 6 week-old intact male pigs (initial BW = 13.8 ± 2.3 kg) were randomly distributed to 4 separated modules using a three-phase feeding program in which two dietary crude protein (CP) and total dietary fiber (TDF) levels were tested in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement under a commercial-like production system. The room air was sampled and analyzed for NH3 and CH4 while the slurry pit air was sampled and analyzed for CH4 content during the early growing (phase I, 13.8–38.6 kg of body-weight), growing (phase II, 38.6–72.8 kg of body-weight) and finishing periods (phase III, 72.8–108.7 kg of body-weight); at the end of the finishing phase, 16 random pigs were sacrificed and cecum and colon contents were sampled to determine fermentation and microbial parameters. The pH and ammonium content increased with digesta transit being lower in cecum (6.0 and 69.7 mg/L) than in colon (6.3 and 156.3 mg/L) whereas the opposite trend was seen for total VFA and acetate (175.2 mM and 62.6 mol/100 mol vs. 141.1 mM and 57.2 mol/100 mol, respectively; P < 0.05). Low protein (LP) and high fiber (HF) diets showed a higher NH3 concentration in the colon but not in cecum samples. Dietary fiber also altered intestinal VFA concentration where animals fed Low fiber (LF) diet showed high VFA’s concentrations and such effect was more pronounced in colon samples. Total NH3 (1.8, 4.8 and 8.5 g/day) and methane (2.5, 3.5 and 7.5 g/day for Phase I, II and III, respectively) emissions increased consistently with age (P < 0.05), dietary CP level increased NH3 volatilization (6.3 vs. 3.8 g/d for high protein (HP) and LP diets respectively; P < 0.01) and fiber tended to increase methane emission (5.0 vs. 4.0 for HF and LF diets, respectively P < 0.1). The methane production measured at slurry pit contributed significantly to total CH4 emission (3.26, 9.02 and 16.91% in the phases I, II and III respectively). Dietary CP increased total bacteria (TB; 9.7 vs. 9.5; P < 0.03) and total methanogenic archaea (TMA; 7.2 vs. 6.4; P < 0.01) abundances in the intestinal as well as the slurry (6.8 vs. 6.3 Log n° copy/ g fresh matter (FM); P < 0.01) samples whereas TDF did not alter microbial titers. Differences in CH4 emission did not reflect the TMA concentration in hindgut contents.

ACS Style

Ahmad Reza Seradj; Joaquim Balcells; Henris Morazan; Javier Alvarez-Rodriguez; Daniel Babot; Gabriel De la Fuente. The impact of reducing dietary crude protein and increasing total dietary fiber on hindgut fermentation, the methanogen community and gas emission in growing pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology 2018, 245, 54 -66.

AMA Style

Ahmad Reza Seradj, Joaquim Balcells, Henris Morazan, Javier Alvarez-Rodriguez, Daniel Babot, Gabriel De la Fuente. The impact of reducing dietary crude protein and increasing total dietary fiber on hindgut fermentation, the methanogen community and gas emission in growing pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 2018; 245 ():54-66.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmad Reza Seradj; Joaquim Balcells; Henris Morazan; Javier Alvarez-Rodriguez; Daniel Babot; Gabriel De la Fuente. 2018. "The impact of reducing dietary crude protein and increasing total dietary fiber on hindgut fermentation, the methanogen community and gas emission in growing pigs." Animal Feed Science and Technology 245, no. : 54-66.

Original research article
Published: 28 June 2017 in Frontiers in Microbiology
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Stability in gut ecosystems is an important area of study that impacts on the use of additives and is related with several pathologies. Kefir is a fermented milk drink made with a consortium of yeast and bacterial as a fermentation starter, of which the use as additive in companion and livestock animals has increased in the last few years. To investigate the effect of kefir milk on foregut and hindgut digestive systems, an in vitro approach was followed. Either rumen fluid or horse faecal contents were used as a microbial inoculate and the inclusion of kefir (fresh, autoclaved or pasteurized) was tested. Gas production over 72h hours of incubation was recorded and pH, volatile fatty acids (VFAs), lactate and ammonia concentration as well as lactic acid (LAB) and acetic acid bacteria (AAB) and yeast total numbers were also measured. Both direct and indirect (by subtracting their respective blanks) effects were analysed and a multivariate analysis was performed to compare foregut and hindgut fermentation models. Addition of kefir boosted the fermentation by increasing molar concentration of VFAs and ammonia and shifting the Acetate to Propionate ratio in both models but sterilization processes like pasteurization or autoclaving influenced the way the kefir is fermented and reacts with the present microbiota. In terms of comparison between both models, the foregut model seems to be less affected by the inclusion of Kefir than the hindgut model. In terms of variability in the response, the hindgut model appeared to be more variable than the foregut model in the way that it reacted indirectly to the addition of different types of kefir.

ACS Style

Gabriel De La Fuente; Eleanor Lydia Jones; Shann Jones; Charles J. Newbold. Functional Resilience and Response to a Dietary Additive (Kefir) in Models of Foregut and Hindgut Microbial Fermentation In Vitro. Frontiers in Microbiology 2017, 8, 1194 .

AMA Style

Gabriel De La Fuente, Eleanor Lydia Jones, Shann Jones, Charles J. Newbold. Functional Resilience and Response to a Dietary Additive (Kefir) in Models of Foregut and Hindgut Microbial Fermentation In Vitro. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2017; 8 ():1194.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriel De La Fuente; Eleanor Lydia Jones; Shann Jones; Charles J. Newbold. 2017. "Functional Resilience and Response to a Dietary Additive (Kefir) in Models of Foregut and Hindgut Microbial Fermentation In Vitro." Frontiers in Microbiology 8, no. : 1194.

Original research article
Published: 16 March 2017 in Frontiers in Microbiology
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The antiprotozoal effect of saponins is transitory, as when saponins are deglycosylated to the sapogenin by rumen microorganisms they become inactive. We postulated that the substitution of the sugar moiety of the saponin with small polar residues would produce sapogen-like analogues which might be resistant to degradation in the rumen as they would not be enzymatically cleaved, allowing the antiprotozoal effect to persist over time. In this study we used an acute assay based on the ability of protozoa to break down [14C] leucine-labelled Streptococcus bovis and a longer term assay based on protozoal motility over 24 h to evaluate both the antiprotozoal effect and the stability of this effect with fifteen hederagenin bis-esters esterified with two identical groups, and five cholesterol and cholic acid based derivatives carrying one to three succinate residues. The acute antiprotozoal effect of hederagenin derivatives was more pronounced than that of cholesterol and cholic acid derivatives. Modifications in the structure of hederagenin, cholesterol, and cholic acid derivatives resulted in compounds with different biological activities in terms of acute effect and stability, although those which were highly toxic to protozoa were not always the most stable over time. Most of the hederagenin bis-esters, and in particular hederagenin bis-sucinate (TSB24), hederagenin bis-betainate dichloride (TSB37) and hederagenin bis-adipate (TSB47) had a persistent effect against rumen protozoa in vitro, shifting the fermentation pattern towards higher propionate and lower butyrate. These chemically modified triterpenes could potentially be used in ruminant diets as an effective defaunation agent to, ultimately, increase nitrogen utilization, decrease methane emissions, and enhance animal production. Further trials in vivo or in long term rumen simulators are now needed to confirm the in vitro observations presented.

ACS Style

Eva Ramos-Morales; Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver; Stephane Duval; Christof Wehrli; Marc Bouillon; Martina Lahmann; David Preskett; Radek Braganca; Charles J. Newbold. Antiprotozoal Effect of Saponins in the Rumen Can Be Enhanced by Chemical Modifications in Their Structure. Frontiers in Microbiology 2017, 8, 399 .

AMA Style

Eva Ramos-Morales, Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver, Stephane Duval, Christof Wehrli, Marc Bouillon, Martina Lahmann, David Preskett, Radek Braganca, Charles J. Newbold. Antiprotozoal Effect of Saponins in the Rumen Can Be Enhanced by Chemical Modifications in Their Structure. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2017; 8 ():399.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eva Ramos-Morales; Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver; Stephane Duval; Christof Wehrli; Marc Bouillon; Martina Lahmann; David Preskett; Radek Braganca; Charles J. Newbold. 2017. "Antiprotozoal Effect of Saponins in the Rumen Can Be Enhanced by Chemical Modifications in Their Structure." Frontiers in Microbiology 8, no. : 399.

Journal article
Published: 20 January 2016 in Zootaxa
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This study describes the diversity and concentration of the protozoal population from the forestomach of llamas in Argentina at three altitudinal locations. Protozoal diversity was studied in samples from eight llamas from Hurlingham (Buenos Aires, 43 m altitude), four from Tilcara (Jujuy, 2465 m altitude) and six llamas from Cieneguillas (Jujuy, 3800 m altitude). The total concentrations of protozoa in the forestomach contents were 7.9, 9.1 and 4.1 cells x 104 ml-1 in Hurlingham, Tilcara and Cieneguillas, respectively (P>0.05). Entodinium spp. represented 97.9, 92.3 and 71.4% of the protozoal community in Hurlingham, Tilcara and Cieneguillas, respectively, and the remaining protozoa belonged to the Eudiplodinium genus. Entodinium spp. were identified as E. caudatum (mostly morphotype dubardi), E. longinucleatum, E. parvum, E. bovis, E. exiguum, E. dubardi, and a minor presence of E. bimastus (in three animals) and E. ovibos (in one animal). In regards to the rest of protozoal species, Eudiplodinium maggii is the first reported host record for the genus in llamas. This species was present in the forestomach of 14 out of 18 llamas tested, and in one case it was the unique protozoal species. The vestibuliferids, Dasytricha and Isotricha were absent from the forestomach of llamas. Similarly, other species such as those from the Caloscolex genus, Diplodinium cameli and Entodinium ovumrajae, commonly found in Old World Camelids, were also absent from llamas.

ACS Style

María Cerón Cucchi; Gisela Marcoppido; Anna Dekker; Manuel Fondevila; Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver; Gabriel Morici; Silvio Cravero. Ciliate protozoa of the forestomach of llamas (Lama glama) from locations at different altitude in Argentina. Zootaxa 2016, 4067, 49 -56.

AMA Style

María Cerón Cucchi, Gisela Marcoppido, Anna Dekker, Manuel Fondevila, Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver, Gabriel Morici, Silvio Cravero. Ciliate protozoa of the forestomach of llamas (Lama glama) from locations at different altitude in Argentina. Zootaxa. 2016; 4067 (1):49-56.

Chicago/Turabian Style

María Cerón Cucchi; Gisela Marcoppido; Anna Dekker; Manuel Fondevila; Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver; Gabriel Morici; Silvio Cravero. 2016. "Ciliate protozoa of the forestomach of llamas (Lama glama) from locations at different altitude in Argentina." Zootaxa 4067, no. 1: 49-56.

Journal article
Published: 15 September 2015 in Poljoprivreda
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ACS Style

Giulia Rossi; Franco Tagliapietra; Eric Pinloche; Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver; Stefano Schiavon; Laura Maccarana; Giovanni Bittante; Jamie Newbold. The physical form of corn influences the rumen bacterial biodiversity – preliminary results. Poljoprivreda 2015, 21, 93 -96.

AMA Style

Giulia Rossi, Franco Tagliapietra, Eric Pinloche, Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver, Stefano Schiavon, Laura Maccarana, Giovanni Bittante, Jamie Newbold. The physical form of corn influences the rumen bacterial biodiversity – preliminary results. Poljoprivreda. 2015; 21 (1):93-96.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giulia Rossi; Franco Tagliapietra; Eric Pinloche; Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver; Stefano Schiavon; Laura Maccarana; Giovanni Bittante; Jamie Newbold. 2015. "The physical form of corn influences the rumen bacterial biodiversity – preliminary results." Poljoprivreda 21, no. 1: 93-96.

Comparative study
Published: 22 July 2014 in PLOS ONE
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The development of next generation sequencing has challenged the use of other molecular fingerprinting methods used to study microbial diversity. We analysed the bacterial diversity in the rumen of defaunated sheep following the introduction of different protozoal populations, using both next generation sequencing (NGS: Ion Torrent PGM) and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). Although absolute number differed, there was a high correlation between NGS and T-RFLP in terms of richness and diversity with R values of 0.836 and 0.781 for richness and Shannon-Wiener index, respectively. Dendrograms for both datasets were also highly correlated (Mantel test = 0.742). Eighteen OTUs and ten genera were significantly impacted by the addition of rumen protozoa, with an increase in the relative abundance of Prevotella, Bacteroides and Ruminobacter, related to an increase in free ammonia levels in the rumen. Our findings suggest that classic fingerprinting methods are still valuable tools to study microbial diversity and structure in complex environments but that NGS techniques now provide cost effect alternatives that provide a far greater level of information on the individual members of the microbial population.

ACS Style

Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver; Alejandro Belanche; Susan E. Girwood; Eric Pinloche; Toby Wilkinson; C. Jamie Newbold. Pros and Cons of Ion-Torrent Next Generation Sequencing versus Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism T-RFLP for Studying the Rumen Bacterial Community. PLOS ONE 2014, 9, e101435 .

AMA Style

Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver, Alejandro Belanche, Susan E. Girwood, Eric Pinloche, Toby Wilkinson, C. Jamie Newbold. Pros and Cons of Ion-Torrent Next Generation Sequencing versus Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism T-RFLP for Studying the Rumen Bacterial Community. PLOS ONE. 2014; 9 (7):e101435.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver; Alejandro Belanche; Susan E. Girwood; Eric Pinloche; Toby Wilkinson; C. Jamie Newbold. 2014. "Pros and Cons of Ion-Torrent Next Generation Sequencing versus Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism T-RFLP for Studying the Rumen Bacterial Community." PLOS ONE 9, no. 7: e101435.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2011 in Journal of Animal Science
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Belanche, A., Abecia, L., Holtrop, G., Guada, J. A., Castrillo, C., de la Fuente, G., Balcells, J. (2011). Study of the effect of presence or absence of protozoa on rumen fermentation and microbial protein contribution to the chyme. Journal of Animal Science, 89, (12), 4163-4174. IMPF: 02.09 RONO: 00The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of presence or absence of protozoa on rumen fermentation and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis under different diets. Of 20 twin paired lambs, 1 lamb of each pair was isolated from the ewe within 24 h after birth and reared in a protozoa-free environment (n = 10), whereas their respective twin-siblings remained with the ewe (faunated, n = 10). When lambs reached 6 mo of age, 5 animals of each group were randomly allocated to 1 of 2 experimental diets consisting of either alfalfa hay as the sole diet, or 50:50 mixed with ground barley grain according to a 2 ? 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. After 15 d of adaptation to the diet, the animals were euthanized and total rumen and abomasal contents were sampled to estimate rumen microbial synthesis using C31 alkane as flow marker. Different (15N and purine bases) and a novel (recombinant DNA sequences) microbial markers, combined with several microbial reference extracts (rumen protozoa, liquid and solid associated bacteria) were evaluated. Absence of rumen protozoa modified the rumen fermentation pattern and decreased total tract OM and NDF digestibility in 2.0 and 5.1 percentage points, respectively. The effect of defaunation on microbial N flow was weak, however, and was dependent on the microbial marker and microbial reference extract considered. Faunated lambs fed with mixed diet showed the greatest rumen protozoal concentration and the least efficient microbial protein synthesis (29% less than the other treatments), whereas protozoa-free lambs fed with mixed diet presented the smallest ammonia concentration and 34% greater efficiency of N utilization than the other treatments. Although 15N gave the most precise estimates of microbial synthesis, the use of recombinant DNA sequences represents an alternative that allows separate quantification of the bacteria and protozoa contributions. This marker showed that presence of protozoa decrease the bacterial-N flow through the abomasum by 33%, whereas the protozoa-N contribution to the microbial N flow increased from 1.9 to 14.1% when barley grain was added to the alfalfa hay. Absolute data related to intestinal flow must be treated with caution because the limitations of the sampling and maker system employed.publishersversionPeer reviewe

ACS Style

A. Belanche; Leticia Abecia; G. Holtrop; J. A. Guada; C. Castrillo; Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver; J. Balcells. Study of the effect of presence or absence of protozoa on rumen fermentation and microbial protein contribution to the chyme1. Journal of Animal Science 2011, 89, 4163 -4174.

AMA Style

A. Belanche, Leticia Abecia, G. Holtrop, J. A. Guada, C. Castrillo, Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver, J. Balcells. Study of the effect of presence or absence of protozoa on rumen fermentation and microbial protein contribution to the chyme1. Journal of Animal Science. 2011; 89 (12):4163-4174.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. Belanche; Leticia Abecia; G. Holtrop; J. A. Guada; C. Castrillo; Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver; J. Balcells. 2011. "Study of the effect of presence or absence of protozoa on rumen fermentation and microbial protein contribution to the chyme1." Journal of Animal Science 89, no. 12: 4163-4174.

Journal article
Published: 14 September 2010 in Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition
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This study examined the reticulo-rumen characteristics of the microbial community and its fermentative characteristics in milk-fed, at weaning and finished lambs in a conventional fattening system. Five lambs were assigned to each of three groups: milk-fed lambs slaughtered at 30 days (T30), weaned lambs slaughtered at 45 days (T45) and 'finished lambs' slaughtered at 90 days (T90). At slaughter, rumen size, fermentation parameters (pH, volatile fatty acids and microbial enzyme activity) and protozoal counts were recorded. Quantitative PCR was used to quantify the genes encoding 16S and 18S ribosomal DNA of the rumen bacterial and protozoal populations, respectively, and the sequential colonization of the rumen by cellulolytic (Ruminococcus albus, Ruminococcus flavefaciens) and amylolytic (Prevotella ruminicola, Streptococcus bovis) bacteria, and protozoa (Entodinium sp.). Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis was used to study the development of rumen microbiota biodiversity. Intake of solid food before weaning caused a significant increase in rumen weight (p < 0.0001) and bacterial DNA (p < 0.05) and volatile fatty acid analysis concentration (p < 0.01), whereas pH declined. In milk-fed lambs, cellulolytic bacteria were evident after 30 days. Thereafter, in the 45-day and 90-day groups, the proportions of R. flavefaciens decreased and R. albus increased. Amylolytic bacteria were present in milk-fed lambs; the proportion of P. ruminicola increased in fattening lambs and S. bovis was the least abundant species. Protozoal concentrations were irregular; milk-fed lambs had a significant number of protozoa species from Entodinium and subfamily Isotrichiidae, but they disappeared at weaning. Lamb rumen were refaunated in some individuals at 90 days (Entodinium and subfamily Diplodiniinae spp.), although individual concentrations were variable.

ACS Style

A. Belanche; J. Balcells; Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver; D. R. Yañez‐Ruíz; M. Fondevila; L. Calleja. ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Description of development of rumen ecosystem by PCR assay in milk-fed, weaned and finished lambs in an intensive fattening system. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 2010, 94, 648 -658.

AMA Style

A. Belanche, J. Balcells, Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver, D. R. Yañez‐Ruíz, M. Fondevila, L. Calleja. ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Description of development of rumen ecosystem by PCR assay in milk-fed, weaned and finished lambs in an intensive fattening system. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. 2010; 94 (5):648-658.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. Belanche; J. Balcells; Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver; D. R. Yañez‐Ruíz; M. Fondevila; L. Calleja. 2010. "ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Description of development of rumen ecosystem by PCR assay in milk-fed, weaned and finished lambs in an intensive fattening system." Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 94, no. 5: 648-658.

Journal article
Published: 31 August 2010 in European Journal of Protistology
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Predation of bacteria by protozoa has important implications on rumen metabolism and bacterial populations. Protozoa can also restrict the passage of pathogenic bacteria to the host's lower gastrointestinal tract. This work aimed to evaluate the predation by Entodinium caudatum (EC) and the intraprotozoal survival of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. EC cells from a monofaunated sheep were incubated for up to 105 min with a S. enterica strain producing a green fluorescent protein. Rumen fluid from a defaunated sheep (DEF) was used as a control. Fluorescence, as an index of predation, measured in the residual (protozoal) fraction was higher in EC than in DEF. 105 min after the beginning of the incubation it was higher than 30 min after. Intracellular survival of Salmonella within EC was assessed by means of a selective medium. Amounts of Salmonella in the residual fraction were higher in EC than in DEF only after 30 min. After 105 min, each protozoa engulfed 100 Salmonella cell per min. Intraprotozoal survival of ingested Salmonella was 0.0017. Predation of S. enterica by E. caudatum occurred and increased in proportion to time, but bacterial viability inside the protozoa was lower at 105 min. This study demonstrates that fluorescence emission combined with bacterial and protozoal cultures could be a reliable method for quantifying bacterial predation and viability in vitro.

ACS Style

Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver; Manuel Fondevila; Diego P. Morgavi. Predation of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium by the rumen protozoon Entodinium caudatum studied in vitro by fluorescence emission. European Journal of Protistology 2010, 46, 189 -195.

AMA Style

Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver, Manuel Fondevila, Diego P. Morgavi. Predation of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium by the rumen protozoon Entodinium caudatum studied in vitro by fluorescence emission. European Journal of Protistology. 2010; 46 (3):189-195.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver; Manuel Fondevila; Diego P. Morgavi. 2010. "Predation of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium by the rumen protozoon Entodinium caudatum studied in vitro by fluorescence emission." European Journal of Protistology 46, no. 3: 189-195.

Journal article
Published: 13 February 2008 in Zootaxa
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Protozoal diversity in the forestomach of South American camelids (SAC) was studied in eight llamas and six alpacas from the Parque Natural Condoriri (3900 to 4100 m altitude, Departamento La Paz, Bolivia). Total protozoal concentrations were 3.6 times higher (P < 0.001) in the stomach contents of alpacas (39.6 x 10 4 ml -1 and 143.8 x 10 4 ml -1 in llamas and alpacas, respectively). Four to 11 species, all from the genus Entodinium, were observed in llamas, whereas from eight to nine species of Entodinium and minor proportions of Diplodinium (D. anisacanthum, D. dogieli, D. rangiferi), Eudiplodinium (E. bovis, E. maggii, E. neglectum) and Epidinium (E. ecaudatum) were observed in alpacas. The presence of Epidinium species in the alpaca is a new host record. The vestibuliferids, Dasytricha and Isotricha were absent from the forestomach of SAC, as well as other species such as Caloscolex genus, Diplodinium cameli and Entodinium ovumrajae, commonly found in Old World camelids.

ACS Style

Ignacio Del Valle; Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver; Manuel Fondevila. Ciliate protozoa of the forestomach of llamas (Lama glama) and alpacas (Vicugna pacos) from the Bolivian Altiplano. Zootaxa 2008, 1703, 62 -68.

AMA Style

Ignacio Del Valle, Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver, Manuel Fondevila. Ciliate protozoa of the forestomach of llamas (Lama glama) and alpacas (Vicugna pacos) from the Bolivian Altiplano. Zootaxa. 2008; 1703 (1):62-68.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ignacio Del Valle; Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver; Manuel Fondevila. 2008. "Ciliate protozoa of the forestomach of llamas (Lama glama) and alpacas (Vicugna pacos) from the Bolivian Altiplano." Zootaxa 1703, no. 1: 62-68.

Evaluation study
Published: 29 March 2006 in Letters in Applied Microbiology
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To study the viability of Diploplastron (Metadinium) affine after its cryopreservation at two cooling rates, and the effect of procedure conditions on viability. There were differences in viability between cooling rates (1 and 4 degrees C min(-1)) at 15 or 5 degrees C, but not after thawing. When the equilibrium temperature (25 or 5 degrees C), the cryopreservant (glycerol or dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO]) and the use of membrane protector were tested, there were no differences caused by the cryopreservant or the membrane protector. However, the equilibrium at 25 degrees C increased the viability (P = 0.005) compared with 5 degrees C. Viability after thawing was 0.10-0.19. Adding the cryopreservant (either glycerol or DMSO) at 25 degrees C instead of 5 degrees C improves viability of D. affine after thawing. Conditions of cryopreservation are largely dependent on the species of rumen protozoa. Number of viable cells after thawing would indicate the possibility of culture recovery for D. affine.

ACS Style

Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver; J.A. Cebrián; M. Fondevila. Effect of the cryopreservation conditions on the viability of the rumen ciliate Diploplastron (Metadinium) affine. Letters in Applied Microbiology 2006, 42, 573 -577.

AMA Style

Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver, J.A. Cebrián, M. Fondevila. Effect of the cryopreservation conditions on the viability of the rumen ciliate Diploplastron (Metadinium) affine. Letters in Applied Microbiology. 2006; 42 (6):573-577.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver; J.A. Cebrián; M. Fondevila. 2006. "Effect of the cryopreservation conditions on the viability of the rumen ciliate Diploplastron (Metadinium) affine." Letters in Applied Microbiology 42, no. 6: 573-577.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2006 in BSAP Occasional Publication
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SummaryThe microbial fermentation of the tropical leguminous browses Acacia cornigera (ACA), Albisia lebbekoides (ALB), Enterolobium cyclocarpum (ENT) and Leucaena leucocephala (LEU) was estimated in vitro as the final production of gas. ACA gave the greatest final (asymptotic) gas volume (D; 179 ml/g DM) and fractional rate constant (0.070). Although ENT showed the greatest rate constant (0.87), reaching half its maximum gas production in 7.8 h, it produced less gas than ACA by 9 h incubation, and did not differ from LEU by 24 h ALB gave the lowest gas production. In another trial the negative effect of tannins was estimated over 48 h as ameliorated by the addition of PEG. The effect was variable between species, the greatest being with ALB (Restriction of 0.60-0.68 of the potential gas volume due to the presence of tannins) and increasing slowly, reaching its’ maximum at 12 or 24 h with ACA (0.33) or LEU (0.16). There was no response to the addition of PEG with ENT indicating that other secondary compounds distinct from the condensed tannins were affecting microbial utilisation.

ACS Style

Rafael Rodríguez; Mariano Mota; Manuel Fondevila; Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver. In vitro fermentation of four tropical browse legumes: estimation of the effect of tannins by gas production. BSAP Occasional Publication 2006, 34, 101 -107.

AMA Style

Rafael Rodríguez, Mariano Mota, Manuel Fondevila, Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver. In vitro fermentation of four tropical browse legumes: estimation of the effect of tannins by gas production. BSAP Occasional Publication. 2006; 34 ():101-107.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rafael Rodríguez; Mariano Mota; Manuel Fondevila; Gabriel De La Fuente Oliver. 2006. "In vitro fermentation of four tropical browse legumes: estimation of the effect of tannins by gas production." BSAP Occasional Publication 34, no. : 101-107.