Wind speed forecasting helps to increase the efficacy of wind farms and prompts the comparative superiority of wind energy in the global electricity system. Many wind speed forecasting theories have been widely applied to forecast wind speed, which is nonlinear, and unstable. Current forecasting strategies can be applied to various wind speed time series. However, some models neglect the prerequisite of data preprocessing and the objective of simultaneously optimizing accuracy and stability, which results in poor forecast. In this research, we developed a combined wind speed forecasting strategy that includes several components: data pretreatment, optimization, forecasting, and assessment. The developed system remedies some deficiencies in traditional single models and markedly enhances wind speed forecasting performance. To evaluate the performance of this combined strategy, 10-min wind speed sequences gathered from large wind farms in Shandong province in China were adopted as a case study. The simulation results show that the forecasting ability of our proposed combined strategy surpasses the other selected comparable models to some extent. Thus, the model can provide reliable support for wind power generation scheduling.

Wind speed forecasting is an essential procedure in electric grid dispatching. Short-term wind speed forecasting can be a great challenge and an intractable issue in increasing wind energy output and guaranteeing power safety. The current wind speed forecasting models are based on a single model, which is generally an artificial intelligence model or a statistical forecasting method. However, these models cannot perform well in all cases. An effective combined model is proposed in this paper, and this model includes four parts: weight coefficient optimization calculation based on the nonpositive constraint combination theory, singular-spectrum analysis, combined forecasting and discussion of results. The developed model can decrease the negative influences of the component models and maximize the advantages of each component model. To evaluate the forecasting accuracy of our proposed model, ten minutes of wind speed data from Shandong Peninsula, China, were used as test cases. It is clearly demonstrated that the developed combined strategy outperforms the individual forecasting methods in terms of forecast performance and stability.

A hybrid tourism demand interval forecasting system is proposed consisting of two parts: the construction of forecasting interval based on lower and upper bound estimates, and the forecasting interval adjustment based on an optimized reduction coefficient. Coronavirus factors are added as input variables to improve forecasting performance. A new multi-objective optimization algorithm is proposed to construct a feature selection method, optimize the forecasting model, and estimate the optimal reduction coefficient. The results of the experiments show that the proposed system has a powerful interval forecasting ability, which provides crucial guidance for balancing the recovery of the tourism industry and the control of the epidemic spread during the COVID-19 pandemic, and contributes to contingency planning for tourism practitioners and managers.

Loan default risk prediction has become crucial for financial institutions because it can help decision-makers successfully distinguish good from bad loan applicants and earn potential economic benefits. The core of default prediction is the construction of a well-performing default prediction model with good interpretability. Inspired by this need, a novel fusion prediction framework with interpretability is proposed, integrating extreme gradient boosting (XGBT) into the construction of a random forest (RF) to reduce prediction variance and bias. This model extends the original bootstrap-aggregation framework of RF to a novel bootstrap-boosting (XGBT)-aggregation framework, effectively combining the strengths of both models and addressing the bias‒variance tradeoff in machine learning. Several real-world credit datasets from the financial industry are leveraged to assess the prediction performance of the proposed fusion framework. The experimental results reveal that the proposed framework significantly outperforms alternative models, showing notable improvements in both default prediction accuracy and profitability. The interpretability analysis highlights the key features that significantly influence the prediction results of the proposed fusion framework, which helps practitioners better identify defaulters and make more profitable decisions.