The paper presents the data on lipid fraction extraction from the raw fat of hibernating hunting animals. The processing of valuable raw materials must be maximized. For this purpose, various methods of rendering are used. As a result of temperature exposure, the protein part of raw fat undergoes significant changes. The protein denatures under the influence of temperature, and the dross formed during the rendering process absorbs and retains up to 30% of the fat. The authors propose using proteolytic enzyme preparations for a more complete extraction of fats, as the enzymes will hydrolyze the protein into compounds of lower molecular weight both before and during the rendering process. The experiment proved that the biocatalytic method allows achieving a fat yield of more than 95%. The best result can be obtained if the rendering is carried out at optimal parameters, which can be defined using a mathematical model. Mathematical modeling was carried out using an artificial neural network. During the study, a fully connected neural network was designed; it had eight hidden layers with 64 neurons in each, and its accuracy was measured by mean relative error, which amounted to 5.16%. With the help of the network, the optimal values of applied concentration, temperature and duration of rendering, at which a fat yield of more than 98% is achieved, were determined for each enzyme preparation. After that, the obtained values were confirmed experimentally. Thus, the study showed the efficiency of using artificial neural networks for modeling the biocatalytic method of lipid extraction.

Modern food culture and ecological environment lead to metabolic failures. Cardiovascular and digestive diseases, as well as obesity and diabetes, are becoming younger and younger. The present research featured the development of medical science by promoting the scientific platform of ‘preventive environment’. The priority of the platform is to assess the impact of individual bioactive nutrients on morbidity. The paper starts with a brief overview of the main directions in dietetics. Imbalanced nutrition leads to metabolic syndrome, which results in weight gain and cardiovascular diseases. Scientists associate metabolic disorders with hereditary predisposition, i.e. the presence of polymorphism of certain genes, and with the effect of environment and diet. Modern science knows few medical options for obesity treatment, which means that both pharmaceutical and nutraceutical methods of weight-reducing treatment remain understudied. Functional foods with a modified carbohydrate profile can improve the chemical composition of the diet. The study involved ranking of dairy products according to the obesity risk. The paper describes the effect of various biologically active substances of plant origin on metabolism of an obesity-affected organism. Thypakoids were found to affect satiety and fullness of the gastrointestinal tract through hormones of appetite. They also affect the microbial composition of the gastrointestinal tract without causing side effects, such as steatorrhea. The research results indicate that thylakoids are a new means of natural origin for the prevention and treatment of obesity. A single dose of black tea containing flavonoids was found to reduce peripheral blood flow in the upper and lower extremities after glucose loading, which was accompanied by a lower reaction to insulin. A mixture of curcumin and piperine can increase fat loss and suppress inflammation caused by high fat content. The paper also features the phenomenon of oxidative stress: antioxidant ingredients, such as vitamins, trace elements, and minor biologically active components are mandatory for a balanced diet. The analysis of scientific data made it possible to create a formula for a preventive product – an oat milk with a modified carbohydrate composition and various fruit, berry, and vegetable fillers.

The increase of functional food production makes the search for new non-traditional raw materials and the selection of methods for their processing relevant. Methods for obtaining biologically active substances of a lipid nature from valuable raw materials extracted from hunting animals (bear, badger, marmot and beaver) are of particular interest. The purpose of this review is to analyze the existing methods of obtaining rendered fat from raw fat and evaluate them. The objects of analysis were the data of scientific articles, patents and studies on the extraction of the lipid fraction from raw materials of animal origin from 2017 to 2021. In the work, various methods for extracting fats were considered. Their systematization, analyze, and description were carried out, indicating the advantages and disadvantages. The considered methods for extracting lipid components can be used in the process of rendering fat from non-traditional raw materials of animal origin. When using the dry rendering method, the heating of adipose tissue is carried out by the conductive method, which leads to oxidative processes and a decrease in the quality of the finished product. The wet rendering method is carried out by interacting raw fat with a heating agent – water or live steam, which, by varying the temperature and duration of exposure, allows to preserve the properties and quality of the product. Wet rendering methods are the most effective. These methods allow to obtain a high-quality finished product, as well as to produce the maximum yield of valuable lipid components of raw materials. To accelerate the technological process with the wet method of exposure, it is possible to use a biocatalytic method. The results of the research can be used in the development of schemes for obtaining biologically active substances of a lipid nature from valuable expensive raw materials extracted from hunting animals.

The article deals with non-waste production of the field vegetable processing. The food stuff for human beings and livestock was obtained in the course of the work. Developed stuff: lactose fermented beverages, sauces, feed have advantages both in merchandising and economical spheres.