In this study, the effects of the ratio of a motor’s axial length to its pole pitch on efficiency, magnetic flux density distribution, torque, torque/weight, and motor volume were investigated in an outer-rotor (hub) brushless direct current motor. The weight and volume of an electrical machine affects the output power, efficiency and output torque, and it is advantageous to design an electric motor at an appropriate power and high efficiency with an appropriate weight and volume. Therefore, the aim of this study was to optimize the motor’s axial length and stator outer diameter, which affects the motor volume. Initially, the axial-length-to-pole-pitch ratio of the hub BLDC motor was taken at 0.75. According to this ratio, the dimensions of the rotor outer diameter, rotor inner diameter, stator outer diameter, stator inner diameter, slot height, motor axial length, and magnet thickness were optimally determined. Then, the axial-length-to-pole-pitch ratio was considered as 1, 1.50, 2, and 3, respectively. The effects of the change in the motor’s axial-length-to-pole-pitch ratio on the efficiency, torque, speed, torque/volume, torque/weight, and cogging torque were examined in a simulation environment. According to the motor’s axial-length-to-pole-pitch ratio, the torque value in the final state was 28.65% higher than the torque value in the initial state. In the last part, the motor axial length and the stator outer diameter were defined as variables in a genetic algorithm procedure and optimized. The number of poles and the number of slots were fixed parameters. Simulation studies were carried out using the finite element method via AN-SYS/Maxwell software.

In this study, the optimum design for an induction motor (IM) was realized by providing details of its geometric design. The IM optimization was carried out using the Artificial Ecosystem-based Optimization (AEO) algorithm, a metaheuristic method. The AEO algorithm was used for the first time in IM optimization, and the design parameters were optimized. Ten motor design parameters were used as design variables. IM efficiency was improved, as the objective function. The genetic algorithm (GA) optimization method was used for comparison with the results obtained with the AEO method. The optimized and unoptimized results of the IM design generated with codes created in the Matlab program were verified with the Ansys RMxprt EM Suite 19.2 program, and it could be seen that the results are in good agreement. As a result of these studies, it was observed that the use of AEO in determining the geometric parameters of the IM had better convergence accuracy and reached the optimum result in a shorter time compared to the GA optimization method. It was observed that IM efficiency increased from 90.34% to 91.575% on average with the AEO method.

In this paper, fuzzy logic controller is designed to obtain the desired output torque, stator phase current and stator flux of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) fed by a current-controlled PWM inverter which is built using six MOSFETs. A model of the PMSM is established using the equations describing dynamic behavior of permanent magnet synchronous motor in Matlab-Simulink program respectively. In this study, at the same time, fixed-gain PI controller was used to control stator phase current, stator flux and torque value of PMSM. Moreover, a comparison between the conventional fixed-gain PI controller and fuzzy logic controller is presented. After controlling the systems using both PI and fuzzy logic, it is seen clearly that fuzzy logic control is reasonably better result and performance than PI controller.

Bipolar and unipolar driver circuits were designed and developed in order to control BLDC motor parameters in a laboratory environment. The characteristics of the operating parameters are mathematically and graphically presented in a trial. BLDC motor bipolar and unipolar drive features are given in detail to support students’ theoretical understanding. The reason is to acquaint the students with BLDC motor bipolar and unipolar driving, especially when studying the dynamic behavior of the electrical motors from starting, during stable working to the transient operating phase. This study is also intended to obtain efficient operating parameters by using minimum electronic devices compared to other identical motor and driving circuits. The main goal is to provide students with the best practical observation and theoretical information, designing a device which is simple and easily understood.

Microcontrollers are inside all areas of industry today. They are being used in many electronic circuit designs, ranging from very simple systems to highly complex systems. For that reason, microcontrollers have a great importance in the electronics sector. Microcontrollers are especially important in terms of students enrolled in engineering departments in the fields of computers, electrical engineering, electronics, and mechatronics. Experimental sets and simulation programs are used in the learning and teaching of microcontrollers in real-world simulations. In this study, a 16F877 microcontroller training set, designed for use in microcontroller courses, was used. The designed training kit allows experimentation with the 16F877 microcontroller circuits as a subprogram of the Proteus program of Lab center Electronics, which is electronic circuit drawing in Proteus ISIS (Intelligent Schematic Input System) simulation software tested in a real environment. The microcontroller basic hardware connections and the application circuits on the training kit were implemented as modules similar to the ISIS program drawings. Transition from the simulation environment to the real-life environment can be done easily by using these modules, and the information learned in this way becomes concrete.

In this study, the performance analysis of a 5.5 kW, 460 V, 60 Hz, 4-pole, and 3-phase squirrel- cage induction motor (IM) has been carried out by developing a portable electronic circuit, design, and the software, independent of any commercial software. The mathematical equations used in the design steps and the preliminary design of the main dimensions of the squirrel cage IM are realized with a developed electronic circuit. To perform preliminary design calculations Nextion 7-inch touch screen, Arduino mega 2560 microcontroller is used in electronic circuit design. Briefly, IM basic data are entered from the Nextion 7 inches touch screen in the electronic circuit created and the data are sent to the Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller card via serial communication. On the Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller board, IM mathematical calculations are accomplished, and the calculation results are presented on the Nextion screen. It has been observed that the analytical calculations and the calculation results in the developed calculation tool have been obtained in good agreement.