Cancer has been one of the major threats to the lives of human beings for centuries. Traditional therapy is more or less faced with certain defects, such as poor targeting, easy degradation, high side effects, etc. Therefore, in order to improve the treatment efficiency of drugs, an intelligent drug delivery system (DDS) is considered as a promising solution strategy. Due to their special structure and large specific surface area, 2D materials are considered to be a good platform for drug delivery. Black phosphorus (BP), as a new star of the 2D family, is recommended to have the potential to construct DDS by virtue of its outstanding photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), and biodegradable properties. This tutorial review is intended to provide an introduction of the current advances in BP‐based DDSs for cancer therapy, which covers topics from its construction, classified by the types of platforms, to the stimuli‐responsive controlled drug release. Moreover, their cancer therapy applications including mono‐, bi‐, and multi‐modal synergistic cancer therapy as well as the research of biocompatibility are also discussed. Finally, the current status and future prospects of BP‐based DDSs for cancer therapy are summarized.

Graphdiyne (GDY) as an emerging 2D carbon-network nanomaterial possesses many fascinating properties that lead to numerous exciting applications, but the use of GDY and its derivatives in the antibacterial field has not yet been discovered. In this study, we first report on the use and evaluation of GDY and graphdiyne oxide (GDYO) as antibacterial agents and propose the antibacterial mechanisms of GDY-based nanomaterials. GDYO has been synthesized via the surface oxidation of GDY, and the antibacterial activity of GDYO has been compared with that of GDY through a series of antibacterial tests. Surprisingly, surface oxidation endowed inert GDY with superior antibacterial capability against two representative bacterial models: Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Antibacterial mechanism experiments disclose that the antibacterial function of GDYO is a result of reactive oxygen species-dependent oxidation stress when a dispersed GDYO suspension has a direct contact with bacteria especially under visible light irradiation.