BACKGROUND: Many robots can induce passive movements and passive resistance movements to facilitate recovery of upper-extremity function, but it is rare to find robots that can also enable active resistance movements. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this s

(1) Background: Virtual reality (VR) is a useful device for rehabilitation therapy. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of virtual reality exercise program on sitting balance with spinal cord injury; (2) Methods: 20 subjects who selected on the basis of the screening criteria were divided into the experimental group (n = 10) who underwent the virtual reality exercise program and rehabilitation therapy and the control group (n = 10) who underwent a regular sitting balance training program and a regular rehabilitation therapy. Each intervention consisted of a 30-min session a day, three times a week, for eight weeks. In order to measure functions of the sitting balance, FSA (force sensitive application) and LOS (limit of stability) were used before and after the treatment intervention; (3) Results: We found significant differences for the FSA, LOS between pre-test and post-test in the 2 groups; (4) Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that virtual reality exercise program can be applied as a useful approach for spinal cord injury patients.

Ye-Rim Im, OT, MSㆍSun-Min Lee, PT, PhD. KSPM 2023;18:87-97. https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2023.18.1.87

Ha-Yeon Hwang, OTㆍSun-Min Lee, OT, PhD. KSPM 2026;21:117-27. https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2026.21.1.117

Min-Jae Lee, OT, PhD⋅Sun-Min Lee, PT, PhD. KSPM 2025;20:31-8. https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2025.20.3.31