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Soonwoong Chang
Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, College of Creative Engineering of Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Korea

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Journal article
Published: 26 August 2021 in Sustainability
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The production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) from waste stream has been recently getting attention as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach in mechanical–biological treatment plants. This is the first study to explore the use of a functional bacterium, AM5 isolated from forest soil, which is capable of enhancing the production of VFAs in the presence of soil bacteria as a co-digester in non-strict anaerobic fermentation processes of food waste leachates. Batch laboratory-scale trials were conducted under thermophilic conditions at 55 °C and different pH values ranging from approximately 5 to 11, as well as under uncontrolled pH for 15 days. Total solid content (TS) and volatile solid content (VS) were observed with 58.42% and 65.17% removal, respectively. An effluent with a VFA concentration of up to 33,849 mg/L (2365.57 mg/g VS; 2244.45 mg/g chemical oxygen demand (COD)-VFA VS; 1249 mg/g VSremoved) was obtained at pH 10.5 on the second day of the batch culture. The pH resulted in a significant effect on VFA concentration and composition at various values. Additionally, all types of VFAs were produced under pH no-adjustment (approximately 5) and at pH 10.5. This research might lead to interesting questions and ideas for further studies on the complex metabolic pathways of microbial communities in the mixture of a soil solution and food waste leachate.

ACS Style

Van Hong Thi Pham; Jeongyoon Ahn; Jaisoo Kim; Sangbeom Lee; Ingyu Lee; Sungchul Kim; Soonwoong Chang; Woojin Chung. Volatile Fatty Acid Production from Food Waste Leachate Using Enriched Bacterial Culture and Soil Bacteria as Co-Digester. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9606 .

AMA Style

Van Hong Thi Pham, Jeongyoon Ahn, Jaisoo Kim, Sangbeom Lee, Ingyu Lee, Sungchul Kim, Soonwoong Chang, Woojin Chung. Volatile Fatty Acid Production from Food Waste Leachate Using Enriched Bacterial Culture and Soil Bacteria as Co-Digester. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (17):9606.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Van Hong Thi Pham; Jeongyoon Ahn; Jaisoo Kim; Sangbeom Lee; Ingyu Lee; Sungchul Kim; Soonwoong Chang; Woojin Chung. 2021. "Volatile Fatty Acid Production from Food Waste Leachate Using Enriched Bacterial Culture and Soil Bacteria as Co-Digester." Sustainability 13, no. 17: 9606.

Journal article
Published: 20 August 2021 in Catalysts
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In this study, a pilot-scale reactor was designed and compared using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for a high-efficiency CO2 methanation reaction. The trends of the CO2 methanation catalyst efficiency at a pilot or industrial scale could be lower than those measured at the laboratory scale, owing to the flow of fluid characteristics. Therefore, the CO2 methanation reactor was designed based on the results of the CFD analysis to minimize the above phenomenon. Ni–Ce–Zr was used to manufacture a CO2 methanation catalyst in the form of pellets. The catalyst successfully produced about 43.3 Nm3/d of methane from the reactor. This result shows that CO2 methanation, which is known as an exothermic reaction, was stable at the pilot scale. It is believed that the self-supply of energy will be possible when this CO2 methanation technology is applied to industrial processes generating large amounts of CO2 and H2 from by-product gases.

ACS Style

Jeongyoon Ahn; Heysuk Kim; Yeonhee Ro; Jintae Kim; Woojin Chung; Soonwoong Chang. Development of Pilot-Scale CO2 Methanation Using Pellet-Type Catalysts for CO2 Recycling in Sewage Treatment Plants and Its Validation through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Modeling. Catalysts 2021, 11, 1005 .

AMA Style

Jeongyoon Ahn, Heysuk Kim, Yeonhee Ro, Jintae Kim, Woojin Chung, Soonwoong Chang. Development of Pilot-Scale CO2 Methanation Using Pellet-Type Catalysts for CO2 Recycling in Sewage Treatment Plants and Its Validation through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Modeling. Catalysts. 2021; 11 (8):1005.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jeongyoon Ahn; Heysuk Kim; Yeonhee Ro; Jintae Kim; Woojin Chung; Soonwoong Chang. 2021. "Development of Pilot-Scale CO2 Methanation Using Pellet-Type Catalysts for CO2 Recycling in Sewage Treatment Plants and Its Validation through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Modeling." Catalysts 11, no. 8: 1005.

Journal article
Published: 05 June 2021 in Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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Various metal oxides were added to prepare an exothermic heating material for microwave assisted sludge drying system. The highest heating performance was found when 10 wt% nickel was added to LiNO3:6Fe2O3:ZnO(molar ratio). Thermal performance and reproducibility were improved when Li5Fe5O8 and NiFe2O4 were formed on the surface of the heating material. During sludge drying process using exothermic heating block, the moisture content in sludge was reduced to under 1% after 5 min. By applying Li-Fe-Zn based heating material during the microwave drying, a drying efficiency of 43% was achieved.

ACS Style

YoungHee Jang; Hanki Eom; Soon Woong Chang; Sang Moon Lee; Sung Su Kim. The correlation between surface species on the heating material and heating performance for improving dry efficiency in thermal sewage sludge process. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 2021, 9, 105805 .

AMA Style

YoungHee Jang, Hanki Eom, Soon Woong Chang, Sang Moon Lee, Sung Su Kim. The correlation between surface species on the heating material and heating performance for improving dry efficiency in thermal sewage sludge process. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. 2021; 9 (5):105805.

Chicago/Turabian Style

YoungHee Jang; Hanki Eom; Soon Woong Chang; Sang Moon Lee; Sung Su Kim. 2021. "The correlation between surface species on the heating material and heating performance for improving dry efficiency in thermal sewage sludge process." Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 9, no. 5: 105805.

Journal article
Published: 31 December 2020 in Sustainability
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Phytoremediation is a promising green technology for the remediation of various industrial effluents. Notably, aquatic plants are widely applied to remove dyes and toxic metals from polluted environments. In the present study, the phytoremediation potency of aquatic macrophytes such as Pistia stratiotes L, Salvinia adnata Desv, and Hydrilla verticillata (L.f) Royle were assessed based on the removal capability of pollutants from dyeing effluent. Physicochemical characterizations were carried out for industrial wastewater collected from a cotton material dyeing unit located in the Karur District of Tamilnadu, India. The physicochemical characteristics of the dyeing effluent, such as color, odor, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), alkalinity, acidity, chloride, sulfate, phosphate, nitrate, chemical oxygen demand (COD), fluoride, and toxic metal levels were determined. The core parameters such as total dissolved solid (TDS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and chloride level were determined and found to be 6500 mg/L, 2400 mg/L, and 2050 mg/L, respectively, which exceeded the regulatory limit prescribed by the Central Pollution Control Board of India. The levels of toxic metals such as Hg, Ni, and Zn were under the acceptable concentration but Cr and Pb levels in the dyeing effluent were a little bit higher. The effluent was subjected to treatment with Pistia stratiotes L, Salvinia adnata Desv and Hydrilla verticillata (L.f) Royle separately. After the treatment, the toxic metal results were recorded as below detectable levels and the same results were obtained for all three aquatic plants samples used for treatment. Among the three plants, P. stratiotes L efficiently removed 86% of color, 66% of TDS, 77% of COD, and 61.33% of chloride. The variation in phytochemicals of the macrophytes was studied before and after treatment using GC–MS which revealed the reduction of ascorbic acid in the plant samples. The toxic effect of treated effluent was investigated by irrigating an ornamental plant, Impatiens balsamina L. The plant biomass P. stratiotes L obtained after the treatment process was subjected to manure production and its nutrient quality was proved, which can be applied as a soil conditioner. Among the aquatic plants, the results of P. stratiotes L indicated a higher remediation potential, which can be used as an ecologically benign method for treatment of industrial effluents and water bodies contaminated with dyeing effluents.

ACS Style

Karunakaran Ahila; Balasubramani Ravindran; Vasanthy Muthunarayanan; Dinh Nguyen; Xuan Nguyen; Soon Chang; Van Nguyen; Chandran Thamaraiselvi. Phytoremediation Potential of Freshwater Macrophytes for Treating Dye-Containing Wastewater. Sustainability 2020, 13, 329 .

AMA Style

Karunakaran Ahila, Balasubramani Ravindran, Vasanthy Muthunarayanan, Dinh Nguyen, Xuan Nguyen, Soon Chang, Van Nguyen, Chandran Thamaraiselvi. Phytoremediation Potential of Freshwater Macrophytes for Treating Dye-Containing Wastewater. Sustainability. 2020; 13 (1):329.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Karunakaran Ahila; Balasubramani Ravindran; Vasanthy Muthunarayanan; Dinh Nguyen; Xuan Nguyen; Soon Chang; Van Nguyen; Chandran Thamaraiselvi. 2020. "Phytoremediation Potential of Freshwater Macrophytes for Treating Dye-Containing Wastewater." Sustainability 13, no. 1: 329.

Journal article
Published: 25 September 2020 in Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
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The correlation between the physico-chemical properties of VOx/TiO2 catalysts and the selective catalytic oxidation of H2S was investigated. Among the types of commercial TiO2 tested, the best catalytic activity was exhibited by TiO2 (B), and the optimal vanadium content was 10 wt%. The VOx surface density range where maximum oxidation efficiency was achieved was about 2.69–18.09 VOx‧nm−2, where monomeric VOx and crystalline V2O5 were appropriately present in the VOx/TiO2 vanadium structure. This indicates that at maximum oxidation efficiency the VOx/TiO2 catalyst and the VOx surface density can be used to control the VOx structure on the catalyst surface. However, as the conversion of H2S into selective elemental sulfur causes sulfur to be deposited onto the VOx/TiO2 catalyst surface, the high initial reactivity and durability did not converge.

ACS Style

Hanki Eom; Sang Moon Lee; Hyerin Kang; Ye Hwan Lee; Soon Woong Chang; Sung Su Kim. Effect of VOx surface density and structure on VOx/TiO2 catalysts for H2S selective oxidation reaction. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 2020, 92, 252 -262.

AMA Style

Hanki Eom, Sang Moon Lee, Hyerin Kang, Ye Hwan Lee, Soon Woong Chang, Sung Su Kim. Effect of VOx surface density and structure on VOx/TiO2 catalysts for H2S selective oxidation reaction. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. 2020; 92 ():252-262.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hanki Eom; Sang Moon Lee; Hyerin Kang; Ye Hwan Lee; Soon Woong Chang; Sung Su Kim. 2020. "Effect of VOx surface density and structure on VOx/TiO2 catalysts for H2S selective oxidation reaction." Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 92, no. : 252-262.

Journal article
Published: 24 September 2020 in Sustainability
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Abundantly available biomass wastes from agriculture can serve as effective environmental remediation materials. In this study, activated biochar was fabricated from macadamia nutshell (MCN) through carbonization and chemical modification. The resultant biochars were used as adsorbents to remove toxic metal ions such as Cu2+ and Zn2+ from aqueous solutions. The results showed that the activated MCN biochar has a high adsorption capacity for toxic metal ions. When MCN biochar was activated with K2CO3, the adsorption efficiencies for Cu2+ and Zn2+ were 84.02% and 53.42%, respectively. With H3PO4 activation, the Cu2+- and Zn2+-adsorption performances were 95.92% and 67.41%, respectively. H2O2-modified MCN biochar had reasonable Cu2+- and Zn2+-adsorption efficiencies of 79.33% and 64.52%, respectively. The effects of pH, adsorbent concentration and adsorption time on the removal performances of Cu2+ and Zn2+ in aqueous solution were evaluated. The results exhibited that the activated MCN biochar showed quick adsorption ability with an optimal pH of 4 and 4.5 for both Cu2+ and Zn2+, respectively.

ACS Style

Minh Dao; T. Nguyen; X. Nguyen; D. La; D. Nguyen; S. Chang; W. Chung; Van Nguyen. Toxic Metal Adsorption from Aqueous Solution by Activated Biochars Produced from Macadamia Nutshell Waste. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7909 .

AMA Style

Minh Dao, T. Nguyen, X. Nguyen, D. La, D. Nguyen, S. Chang, W. Chung, Van Nguyen. Toxic Metal Adsorption from Aqueous Solution by Activated Biochars Produced from Macadamia Nutshell Waste. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (19):7909.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Minh Dao; T. Nguyen; X. Nguyen; D. La; D. Nguyen; S. Chang; W. Chung; Van Nguyen. 2020. "Toxic Metal Adsorption from Aqueous Solution by Activated Biochars Produced from Macadamia Nutshell Waste." Sustainability 12, no. 19: 7909.

Journal article
Published: 16 July 2020 in Progress in Organic Coatings
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Recently, the significant development and advantages of bioactive natural composite materials have been employed in modern engineering constructions, aerospace, packing industries, automotive fields, and more. The fiber materials are derived from natural plant materials (e.g., coir, jute, and bamboo) and animal waste products which show excellent physico–chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties compared to man–made fibers. In this study, the replacement of man–made fiber materials with polymer matrix composites using natural waste chicken feather fiber (CFF) based reinforced lightweight epoxy hybrid composite materials were prepared for the development of a prototype bike silencer. The hybrid composites were prepared from epoxy resin reinforced with synthetic inorganic glass fibers (GF) and natural organic CFFs (with 5, 10, and 20 % composition) together with 3 % of nano–hydroxyapatite (nHA) as a catalytic filler. The 3D modeling, design, and fabrication of a prototype bike silencer were undertaken, using Suzuki Samurai as a reference model specimen. The hybrid 82 G F/15CFF/3HA composite material showed optimum tensile strength and yield strength values of 167.00 and 58.10 MPa, respectively. The observed von–Mises stress, maximum displacement, Young’s modulus, and Poisson’s ratio values were 6.9260 MPa, 0.8661 mm, 13.90 GPa, and 0.39, respectively. Further, the presence of voids in the hybrid 82 G F/15CFF/3nHA composite bike silencer showed higher absorption capacity with effective reduction of toxic CO, HC, O2, and CO2 pollutants as well as remarkable heat releasing capacity, as compared to the steel silencer. The fabricated hybrid 82 G F/15CFF/3nHA composite material may effectively be utilized for the development of renewable, eco–friendly biocomposites with exceptional performances.

ACS Style

D. Duc Nguyen; Manokaran Vadivel; Sutha Shobana; Sundaram Arvindnarayan; Jeyaprakash Dharmaraja; Rathnam Krishna Priya; Phuong Nguyen-Tri; Gopalakrishnan Kumar; Soon Woong Chang. Fabrication and modeling of prototype bike silencer using hybrid glass and chicken feather fiber/hydroxyapatite reinforced epoxy composites. Progress in Organic Coatings 2020, 148, 105871 .

AMA Style

D. Duc Nguyen, Manokaran Vadivel, Sutha Shobana, Sundaram Arvindnarayan, Jeyaprakash Dharmaraja, Rathnam Krishna Priya, Phuong Nguyen-Tri, Gopalakrishnan Kumar, Soon Woong Chang. Fabrication and modeling of prototype bike silencer using hybrid glass and chicken feather fiber/hydroxyapatite reinforced epoxy composites. Progress in Organic Coatings. 2020; 148 ():105871.

Chicago/Turabian Style

D. Duc Nguyen; Manokaran Vadivel; Sutha Shobana; Sundaram Arvindnarayan; Jeyaprakash Dharmaraja; Rathnam Krishna Priya; Phuong Nguyen-Tri; Gopalakrishnan Kumar; Soon Woong Chang. 2020. "Fabrication and modeling of prototype bike silencer using hybrid glass and chicken feather fiber/hydroxyapatite reinforced epoxy composites." Progress in Organic Coatings 148, no. : 105871.

Journal article
Published: 31 May 2020 in Microorganisms
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In our study, we monitored the inactivation of two important viruses that are critical in animal husbandry throughout the world. To evaluate the influence of the composting process on inactivation of avian influenza virus (H9N2) in poultry manure compost (PMC) and Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) in pig (swine) manure compost (SMC), the H9N2 and EMCV were injected in dialysis cassettes and buried in two different manure compost piles of poultry and pig manure, respectively. The highest temperature achieved in the PMC and SMC piles during the test period were 75 °C and 73.5 °C, respectively. At the completion of the composting for 168 h, inactivation effect appeared to be more sensitive in H9N2 than EMCV. The vitality of H9N2 decreased by 6.25 ± 0.35 log10TCID50/mL to 0.0 log10TCID50/mL within 1 h of the composting. The vitality of EMCV decreased from 7.75 ± 0.35 log10TCID50/mL to 1.50 log10TCID50/mL within 24 h of starting the composting process. However, the activation of EMCV was not decreased (from 7.75 ± 0.35 to 7.50 ± 0.71 log10TCID50/mL) in the control treatment (not inserted in composts) after 168h, while the activation of H9N2 in dialysis cassettes was significantly decreased (from 6.25 ± 0.35 log10TCID50/mL to 2.00 ± 0.6 log10TCID50/mL). Our study demonstrated the effectiveness of the composting treatment in inactivating the viruses studied, which was not the case with air treatment.

ACS Style

Kwang-Hwa Jeong; Dong-Jun Lee; Dong-Hyun Lee; Balasubramani Ravindran; Soon Woong Chang; Hupenyu Allan Mupambwa; Myung-Gyu Lee; Hee-Kwon Ahn. Composting Reduces the Vitality of H9N2 in Poultry Manure and EMCV in Pig Manure Allowing for an Environmentally Friendly Use of These Animal Wastes: A Preliminary Study. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 1 .

AMA Style

Kwang-Hwa Jeong, Dong-Jun Lee, Dong-Hyun Lee, Balasubramani Ravindran, Soon Woong Chang, Hupenyu Allan Mupambwa, Myung-Gyu Lee, Hee-Kwon Ahn. Composting Reduces the Vitality of H9N2 in Poultry Manure and EMCV in Pig Manure Allowing for an Environmentally Friendly Use of These Animal Wastes: A Preliminary Study. Microorganisms. 2020; 8 (6):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kwang-Hwa Jeong; Dong-Jun Lee; Dong-Hyun Lee; Balasubramani Ravindran; Soon Woong Chang; Hupenyu Allan Mupambwa; Myung-Gyu Lee; Hee-Kwon Ahn. 2020. "Composting Reduces the Vitality of H9N2 in Poultry Manure and EMCV in Pig Manure Allowing for an Environmentally Friendly Use of These Animal Wastes: A Preliminary Study." Microorganisms 8, no. 6: 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2020 in Nanomaterials
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The use of nano-additives is widely recognized as a cheap and effective pathway to improve the performance of lubrication by minimizing the energy loss from friction and wear, especially in diesel engines. In this work, a simple and scalable protocol was proposed to fabricate a graphene additive to improve the engine lubricant oil. Graphene nanoplates (GNPs) were obtained by a one-step chemical exfoliation of natural graphite and were successfully modified with a surfactant and an organic compound to obtain a modified GNP additive, that can be facilely dispersed in lubricant oil. The GNPs and modified GNP additive were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The prepared GNPs had wrinkled and crumpled structures with a diameter of 10–30 µm and a thickness of less than 15 nm. After modification, the GNP surfaces were uniformly covered with the organic compound. The addition of the modified GNP additive to the engine lubricant oil significantly enhanced the friction and antiwear performance. The highest reduction of 35% was determined for the wear scar diameter with a GNP additive concentration of approximately 0.05%. The mechanism for lubrication enhancement by graphene additives was also briefly discussed.

ACS Style

Duong Duc La; Tuan Ngoc Truong; Thuan Q. Pham; Hoang Tung Vo; Nam The Tran; Tuan Anh Nguyen; Ashok Kumar Nadda; Thanh Tung Nguyen; S. Woong Chang; W. Jin Chung; D. Duc Nguyen. Scalable Fabrication of Modified Graphene Nanoplatelets as an Effective Additive for Engine Lubricant Oil. Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 877 .

AMA Style

Duong Duc La, Tuan Ngoc Truong, Thuan Q. Pham, Hoang Tung Vo, Nam The Tran, Tuan Anh Nguyen, Ashok Kumar Nadda, Thanh Tung Nguyen, S. Woong Chang, W. Jin Chung, D. Duc Nguyen. Scalable Fabrication of Modified Graphene Nanoplatelets as an Effective Additive for Engine Lubricant Oil. Nanomaterials. 2020; 10 (5):877.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Duong Duc La; Tuan Ngoc Truong; Thuan Q. Pham; Hoang Tung Vo; Nam The Tran; Tuan Anh Nguyen; Ashok Kumar Nadda; Thanh Tung Nguyen; S. Woong Chang; W. Jin Chung; D. Duc Nguyen. 2020. "Scalable Fabrication of Modified Graphene Nanoplatelets as an Effective Additive for Engine Lubricant Oil." Nanomaterials 10, no. 5: 877.

Journal article
Published: 16 December 2019 in Sustainability
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In this work, graphene nanoplates (GNPs) were successfully prepared via direct chemical exfoliation from natural graphite. The properties of prepared GNPs were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The resultant GNPs had a low bulk density of 0.015 g mL−1, C content of 99.6%, a lateral diameter of 5–15 µm, and thickness of

ACS Style

Duong Duc La; Tuan Anh Nguyen; Thanh Tung Nguyen; Ha Duc Ninh; Hoai Phuong Nguyen Thi; Tham Thi Nguyen; Duy Anh Nguyen; Trung Dung Dang; Eldon R. Rene; Ninh Duc Ha; Hien Tran Thi; Dinh Duc Nguyen. Absorption Behavior of Graphene Nanoplates toward Oils and Organic Solvents in Contaminated Water. Sustainability 2019, 11, 7228 .

AMA Style

Duong Duc La, Tuan Anh Nguyen, Thanh Tung Nguyen, Ha Duc Ninh, Hoai Phuong Nguyen Thi, Tham Thi Nguyen, Duy Anh Nguyen, Trung Dung Dang, Eldon R. Rene, Ninh Duc Ha, Hien Tran Thi, Dinh Duc Nguyen. Absorption Behavior of Graphene Nanoplates toward Oils and Organic Solvents in Contaminated Water. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (24):7228.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Duong Duc La; Tuan Anh Nguyen; Thanh Tung Nguyen; Ha Duc Ninh; Hoai Phuong Nguyen Thi; Tham Thi Nguyen; Duy Anh Nguyen; Trung Dung Dang; Eldon R. Rene; Ninh Duc Ha; Hien Tran Thi; Dinh Duc Nguyen. 2019. "Absorption Behavior of Graphene Nanoplates toward Oils and Organic Solvents in Contaminated Water." Sustainability 11, no. 24: 7228.

Journal article
Published: 14 December 2019 in Sustainability
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In this paper, the anaerobic co-digestion of three different organic wastes, including livestock manure, slaughterhouse waste, and agricultural by-products (ABs), was carried out to enhance the efficiency of mono-digestion of livestock manure. The characteristics of co-digestion were evaluated at different mixing ratios. The experiment was performed using the Batch test and was divided into two parts. The first experimental section (EXP. 1) was designed to evaluate the seasonal characteristics of ABs, which are the different ratios of fruits and vegetables, where the mixing ratio of spring (fruits:vegetables = 3:7) showed the highest biogas yield (0.24 m3/kg volatile solids). The second experiment (EXP. 2) was conducted by using ABs in the ratio that gave the highest biogas yield in EXP. 1 in combinations of three wastes livestock manure, slaughterhouse waste, and ABs. The highest CH4 yield was 0.84 m3/kg volatile solids (VS), which was obtained with a mixing ratio that had even amounts of the three feedstocks. In addition, the results of the second biochemical methane potential test, which assessed the digestive efficiency according to the mixing ratio of the three types of organic waste, showed that the CH4 production rate of the merged digestion was approximately 1.03–1.29 times higher than that of the mono-digestion of livestock manure. The results of our experiment were verified using the modified Gompertz model, the results of which were relatively similar to the experimental results.

ACS Style

Jae Hoon Jeung; Woo Jin Chung; Soon Woong Chang. Evaluation of Anaerobic Co-Digestion to Enhance the Efficiency of Livestock Manure Anaerobic Digestion. Sustainability 2019, 11, 7170 .

AMA Style

Jae Hoon Jeung, Woo Jin Chung, Soon Woong Chang. Evaluation of Anaerobic Co-Digestion to Enhance the Efficiency of Livestock Manure Anaerobic Digestion. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (24):7170.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jae Hoon Jeung; Woo Jin Chung; Soon Woong Chang. 2019. "Evaluation of Anaerobic Co-Digestion to Enhance the Efficiency of Livestock Manure Anaerobic Digestion." Sustainability 11, no. 24: 7170.

Journal article
Published: 02 November 2019 in Applied Sciences
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The Sudokwon landfill site in Korea, is one of the largest landfill sites in the world, and consists of a first landfill site and second landfill site. The second landfill site generates 3–30 times more H2S than that of the first landfill site. However, the cause of the increase in H2S has not been identified. In this study, the main causes of H2S concentration increase were investigated in the second landfill site in the Sudokwon landfill site. We classified wastes at the Sudokwon landfill site into seven types including Construction and demolition (C&D) debris waste. A lysimeter reactor was designed as a similar environment to the Sudokwon landfill site for simulation. In addition, the experiment was conducted under the same conditions. Three components and elements were analyzed to identify the composition of waste in the landfill site. Leachate was analyzed through a chemical oxygen demand and SO42− standard method. For landfill gas, a gas analyzer was used. The trend in the generation of leachate and landfill gas depending on waste composition at the landfill site was observed and the cause of the increase in H2S was examined. As a result, landfilling of C&D debris waste is recommended as a single landfill.

ACS Style

Woojin Chung; Sukyoung Jung; Soonwoong Chang. The Influence of Waste Composition on Landfill Gas Generation in a Pilot-Scale Lysimeter. Applied Sciences 2019, 9, 4677 .

AMA Style

Woojin Chung, Sukyoung Jung, Soonwoong Chang. The Influence of Waste Composition on Landfill Gas Generation in a Pilot-Scale Lysimeter. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9 (21):4677.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Woojin Chung; Sukyoung Jung; Soonwoong Chang. 2019. "The Influence of Waste Composition on Landfill Gas Generation in a Pilot-Scale Lysimeter." Applied Sciences 9, no. 21: 4677.

Journal article
Published: 07 October 2019 in Fuel
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This study optimized a Ni-Ce-Zr catalyst and its contents for a CO2 methanation reaction by selecting a disk shape with a high mechanical strength, good durability, and thermal emission resistance. The physical and chemical properties of the obtained catalysts were determined by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction, and temperature-programmed desorption of CO2 analyses. In addition, the activity and stability of the obtained catalysts were then evaluated and compared. It was determined that the combined Ni-Ce-Zr catalyst positively affects the conversion of CO2 to CH4. Furthermore, a CO2 methanation experiment was performed under atmospheric pressure conditions at 200–350 °C. The CO2 conversion was 82% at 300 °C, and the CH4 selectivity was 100%. A durability test revealed a difference in the conversion of approximately 6% for 1000 h, which indicates that the catalytic performance was maintained for a significant period.

ACS Style

Dea Hyun Moon; Woo Jin Chung; Soon Woong Chang; Sang Moon Lee; Sung Su Kim; Jae Hoon Jeung; Yeon Hee Ro; Jeong Yoon Ahn; Wenshan Guo; Huu Hao Ngo; Dinh Duc Nguyen. Fabrication and characterization of Ni-Ce-Zr ternary disk-shaped catalyst and its application for low-temperature CO2 methanation. Fuel 2019, 260, 116260 .

AMA Style

Dea Hyun Moon, Woo Jin Chung, Soon Woong Chang, Sang Moon Lee, Sung Su Kim, Jae Hoon Jeung, Yeon Hee Ro, Jeong Yoon Ahn, Wenshan Guo, Huu Hao Ngo, Dinh Duc Nguyen. Fabrication and characterization of Ni-Ce-Zr ternary disk-shaped catalyst and its application for low-temperature CO2 methanation. Fuel. 2019; 260 ():116260.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dea Hyun Moon; Woo Jin Chung; Soon Woong Chang; Sang Moon Lee; Sung Su Kim; Jae Hoon Jeung; Yeon Hee Ro; Jeong Yoon Ahn; Wenshan Guo; Huu Hao Ngo; Dinh Duc Nguyen. 2019. "Fabrication and characterization of Ni-Ce-Zr ternary disk-shaped catalyst and its application for low-temperature CO2 methanation." Fuel 260, no. : 116260.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2019 in Bioresource Technology
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The main aim of this work was to test various organic wastes, i.e. from a livestock farm, a cattle slaughterhouse and agricultural waste streams, for its ability to produce methane under thermophilic anaerobic digestion (AD) conditions. The stability of the digestion, potential biomethane production and biomethane production rate for each waste were assessed. The highest methane yield (110.83 mL CH4/g VSadded day) was found in the AD of crushed animal carcasses on day 4. The experimental results were analyzed using four kinetic models and it was observed that the Cone model described the biomethane yield as well as the methane production rate of each substrate. The results from this study showed the good potential of model organic wastes to produce biomethane.

ACS Style

Dinh Duc Nguyen; Byong-Hun Jeon; Jae Hoon Jeung; Eldon R. Rene; Rajesh Banu; Balasubramani Ravindran; Cuong Manh Vu; Huu Hao Ngo; Wenshan Guo; Soon Woong Chang. Thermophilic anaerobic digestion of model organic wastes: Evaluation of biomethane production and multiple kinetic models analysis. Bioresource Technology 2019, 280, 269 -276.

AMA Style

Dinh Duc Nguyen, Byong-Hun Jeon, Jae Hoon Jeung, Eldon R. Rene, Rajesh Banu, Balasubramani Ravindran, Cuong Manh Vu, Huu Hao Ngo, Wenshan Guo, Soon Woong Chang. Thermophilic anaerobic digestion of model organic wastes: Evaluation of biomethane production and multiple kinetic models analysis. Bioresource Technology. 2019; 280 ():269-276.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dinh Duc Nguyen; Byong-Hun Jeon; Jae Hoon Jeung; Eldon R. Rene; Rajesh Banu; Balasubramani Ravindran; Cuong Manh Vu; Huu Hao Ngo; Wenshan Guo; Soon Woong Chang. 2019. "Thermophilic anaerobic digestion of model organic wastes: Evaluation of biomethane production and multiple kinetic models analysis." Bioresource Technology 280, no. : 269-276.

Journal article
Published: 08 April 2019 in Fuel
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Honeycomb-type structured nickel-based catalysts based on the binary oxides TiO2, Al2O3, Y2O3, and CeO2 as supporters of CO2 methanation were successfully synthesized under various conditions by using different coating solutions and characterized. The prepared catalysts were further tested, and their CO2 methanation activity, stability, and selectivity were compared under different operating conditions at varying temperatures. The results revealed better CO2 methanation with an isopropanol-coated liquid than with distilled water, Si binder, and Ludox. Among the synthesized catalysts, the 10 wt% Ni/CeO2 honeycomb-type catalyst showed the highest CO2 methanation catalytic activity, stability, and selectivity, with a CO2 conversion efficiency of more than 80% during testing at an optimal temperature of 298 °C, space velocity of 743 h−1, and catalyst loading of 134 g/L. The optimum parameters and CO2 conversion efficiency were verified and reconfirmed through response surface analysis. The 10 wt% Ni/CeO2 catalyst is a promising catalyst with excellent potential for application in CO2 methanation.

ACS Style

Jeong Yoon Ahn; Soon Woong Chang; Sang Moon Lee; Sung Su Kim; Woo Jin Chung; Jung Chul Lee; Yong Joo Cho; Kyung Sook Shin; Dea Hyun Moon; Dinh Duc Nguyen. Developing Ni-based honeycomb-type catalysts using different binary oxide-supported species for synergistically enhanced CO2 methanation activity. Fuel 2019, 250, 277 -284.

AMA Style

Jeong Yoon Ahn, Soon Woong Chang, Sang Moon Lee, Sung Su Kim, Woo Jin Chung, Jung Chul Lee, Yong Joo Cho, Kyung Sook Shin, Dea Hyun Moon, Dinh Duc Nguyen. Developing Ni-based honeycomb-type catalysts using different binary oxide-supported species for synergistically enhanced CO2 methanation activity. Fuel. 2019; 250 ():277-284.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jeong Yoon Ahn; Soon Woong Chang; Sang Moon Lee; Sung Su Kim; Woo Jin Chung; Jung Chul Lee; Yong Joo Cho; Kyung Sook Shin; Dea Hyun Moon; Dinh Duc Nguyen. 2019. "Developing Ni-based honeycomb-type catalysts using different binary oxide-supported species for synergistically enhanced CO2 methanation activity." Fuel 250, no. : 277-284.

Journal article
Published: 04 February 2019 in BMC Chemistry
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Proanthocyanidin (PAC) is a promising compound that has displayed its potent antineoplastic properties with a specific intrinsic pathway. This precise us to explore the phyto-preventive effect of PAC against colon cancer (HT-29). The results showed that PAC inhibited the cell growth and GI50 value was found to be 6.25 μM for 24 h exposure, when correlated to the normal cell line does not have toxicity was noticed. The linguistic differences, similarly membrane blebbing, cell shrinkage fragmented nuclear bodies and mitochondrial membrane were observed in AO/EtBr and DAPI staining. The features of regular mechanical apoptotic characterization was analyzed by DNA fragmentation. The cell cycle arrest at G2/M phases was detected using FACS analysis. The early and late apoptotic cells were observed by using Annexin V/PI staining. The ligand–protein interaction and docking studies were performed using Schrodinger’s software. The QPLD analysis of docking studies revealed that PAC exhibited better binding affinity of − 5.23, − 5.17 and − 4.43, − 4.47 kcal/mol against BCL-XL, CDK2 and were compared with 5-FU respectively, which significantly reveals the anticancerous activity of Proanthocyanidin compound. Thus, the PAC compound provides future application of therapeutic option in the treatment of colon cancers .

ACS Style

Mani Suganya; Balasubramanian Mythili Gnanamangai; Balasubramani Ravindran; Soon Woong Chang; Arokiyaraj Selvaraj; Chandramohan Govindasamy; Mohamed Farouk Elsadek; Ponnusamy Ponmurugan. Antitumor effect of proanthocyanidin induced apoptosis in human colorectal cancer (HT-29) cells and its molecular docking studies. BMC Chemistry 2019, 13, 1 -14.

AMA Style

Mani Suganya, Balasubramanian Mythili Gnanamangai, Balasubramani Ravindran, Soon Woong Chang, Arokiyaraj Selvaraj, Chandramohan Govindasamy, Mohamed Farouk Elsadek, Ponnusamy Ponmurugan. Antitumor effect of proanthocyanidin induced apoptosis in human colorectal cancer (HT-29) cells and its molecular docking studies. BMC Chemistry. 2019; 13 (1):1-14.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mani Suganya; Balasubramanian Mythili Gnanamangai; Balasubramani Ravindran; Soon Woong Chang; Arokiyaraj Selvaraj; Chandramohan Govindasamy; Mohamed Farouk Elsadek; Ponnusamy Ponmurugan. 2019. "Antitumor effect of proanthocyanidin induced apoptosis in human colorectal cancer (HT-29) cells and its molecular docking studies." BMC Chemistry 13, no. 1: 1-14.

Journal article
Published: 31 January 2019 in Journal of Environmental Science International
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ACS Style

Jae-Joung Lee; Dea-Hyun Moon; Soon-Wong Chang. Manufacturing Optimization of Ni Based Disk Type Catalyst for CO2 Methanation. Journal of Environmental Science International 2019, 28, 65 -73.

AMA Style

Jae-Joung Lee, Dea-Hyun Moon, Soon-Wong Chang. Manufacturing Optimization of Ni Based Disk Type Catalyst for CO2 Methanation. Journal of Environmental Science International. 2019; 28 (1):65-73.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jae-Joung Lee; Dea-Hyun Moon; Soon-Wong Chang. 2019. "Manufacturing Optimization of Ni Based Disk Type Catalyst for CO2 Methanation." Journal of Environmental Science International 28, no. 1: 65-73.

Journal article
Published: 05 January 2019 in Journal of Environmental Management
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Accumulation of solid waste has intensified with the increase in world population and industrialization. Most importantly, wastes of animal origin such as animal manures and tannery wastes are a major under-utilized resource in most countries with potential for utilization in crop production. This study evaluated the potential of solid state hydrolyzed tannery animal fleshing (SSF-ANFL) and submerged state hydrolyzed tannery ANFL (SmF-ANFL) vermicompost and compost amended soils on the growth, yield and chemical characteristics of tomatoes. It was interesting to observe that of most measured parameters, the SSF amended treatments resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) the highest measurements compared to the SmF amended treatments. On average, the SSF vermicompost resulted in a 10%, 8.9% and 14% higher plant height, stem girth and leaf numbers, respectively, compared to other treatments combined. It was also noteworthy that, for the same parameters, the SSF-ANFL based treatments resulted in a 7.7%, 10.1% and 7.4% higher plant height, stem girth and leaf numbers, respectively, relative to the SmF-ANFL based treatments. The study demonstrates the potential of animal fleshing based vermicomposts as nutrient sources in crop production.

ACS Style

Balasubramani Ravindran; Sang Ryong Lee; Soon Woong Chang; Dinh Duc Nguyen; Woo Jin Chung; Ravindran Balasubramani; Hupenyu Allan Mupambwa; Mariadhas Valan Arasu; Naif Abdullah Al‐Dhabi; Ganesan Sekaran. Positive effects of compost and vermicompost produced from tannery waste-animal fleshing on the growth and yield of commercial crop-tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) plant. Journal of Environmental Management 2019, 234, 154 -158.

AMA Style

Balasubramani Ravindran, Sang Ryong Lee, Soon Woong Chang, Dinh Duc Nguyen, Woo Jin Chung, Ravindran Balasubramani, Hupenyu Allan Mupambwa, Mariadhas Valan Arasu, Naif Abdullah Al‐Dhabi, Ganesan Sekaran. Positive effects of compost and vermicompost produced from tannery waste-animal fleshing on the growth and yield of commercial crop-tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) plant. Journal of Environmental Management. 2019; 234 ():154-158.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Balasubramani Ravindran; Sang Ryong Lee; Soon Woong Chang; Dinh Duc Nguyen; Woo Jin Chung; Ravindran Balasubramani; Hupenyu Allan Mupambwa; Mariadhas Valan Arasu; Naif Abdullah Al‐Dhabi; Ganesan Sekaran. 2019. "Positive effects of compost and vermicompost produced from tannery waste-animal fleshing on the growth and yield of commercial crop-tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) plant." Journal of Environmental Management 234, no. : 154-158.

Original paper
Published: 02 January 2019 in Waste and Biomass Valorization
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The two fresh water microalgae species namely Scenedesmus dimorphus and Scenedesmus obliquus were selected as biomass feedstocks for biodiesel production due to high accumulation of their neutral lipid content which mainly composed of three significant biodiesel fatty acids profile viz saturated fatty acids (SFA: ≈ 53%), mono unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA: ≈ 24%) and poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA: ≈ 20%). Both algae strains were cultivated with five different nitrogen nutrients via (NH4)2SO4 (ammonium sulphate: AS), NH4NO3 (ammonium nitrate: AN), KNO3 (potassium nitrate: PN), (NH2)2CO (urea: UR) and NaNO3 (sodium nitrate: SN) of concentration ranging from 0.02 to 0.3 M in agricultural medium. The transesterification of micro algal lipids with absolute ethanol medium in the presence of Ni/H2 catalyst and Ni(II)–Schiff base chelate promoter was carried out to yield more algal oil. The extracted biodiesel components were analyzed cost–effectively using UV–Vis,1H NMR, 13C NMR and GC–MS spectral characterization to explore their biodiesel potentiality. The results revealed that the extracted microalgae biodiesels are quite suitable for biodiesel production with higher oxidation stability and cetane number. In this study, S. dimorphus and S. obliquus in the presence of five different nitrogen nutrients of concentration ranging from 0.02 to 0.3 M agar in cultural medium were observed to stimulate them to produce lipid for biodiesel generation. The transesterification of micro algal lipids with absolute ethanol medium in the presence of Ni/H2 catalyst and Ni(II)–Schiff base chelate promoter was carried out to yield more algal oil. The fatty acid composition of the extracted micro algal oils have been identified via UV–Vis, NMR and GC–MS spectral characterization techniques to investigate their biodiesel potentiality. It is noted that increased UR concentration (up to 0.3 M) can effectively enhances biomass production of S. dimorphus and S. obliquus as increased urea levels may enhances biomass production excluding cells may have a low lipid content, at times.

ACS Style

M. Vadivel; Sundaram Arvindnarayan; Gopalakrishnan Kumar; Sutha Shobana; Jeyaprakash Dharmaraja; Dinh Duc Nguyen; Soon Woong Chang; Kandasamy K. Sivagnana Prabhu. Biodiesel Potentiality of Microalgae Species: evaluation Using Various Nitrogen Sources. Waste and Biomass Valorization 2019, 11, 1671 -1679.

AMA Style

M. Vadivel, Sundaram Arvindnarayan, Gopalakrishnan Kumar, Sutha Shobana, Jeyaprakash Dharmaraja, Dinh Duc Nguyen, Soon Woong Chang, Kandasamy K. Sivagnana Prabhu. Biodiesel Potentiality of Microalgae Species: evaluation Using Various Nitrogen Sources. Waste and Biomass Valorization. 2019; 11 (5):1671-1679.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Vadivel; Sundaram Arvindnarayan; Gopalakrishnan Kumar; Sutha Shobana; Jeyaprakash Dharmaraja; Dinh Duc Nguyen; Soon Woong Chang; Kandasamy K. Sivagnana Prabhu. 2019. "Biodiesel Potentiality of Microalgae Species: evaluation Using Various Nitrogen Sources." Waste and Biomass Valorization 11, no. 5: 1671-1679.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2019 in International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
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ACS Style

J. Rajesh Banu; A. Parvathy Eswari; S. Kavitha; R. Yukesh Kannah; Gopalakrishnan Kumar; Mamdoh T. Jamal; Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale; Dinh Duc Nguyen; Doo-Geun Lee; Soon Woong Chang. Energetically efficient microwave disintegration of waste activated sludge for biofuel production by zeolite: Quantification of energy and biodegradability modelling. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2019, 44, 2274 -2288.

AMA Style

J. Rajesh Banu, A. Parvathy Eswari, S. Kavitha, R. Yukesh Kannah, Gopalakrishnan Kumar, Mamdoh T. Jamal, Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale, Dinh Duc Nguyen, Doo-Geun Lee, Soon Woong Chang. Energetically efficient microwave disintegration of waste activated sludge for biofuel production by zeolite: Quantification of energy and biodegradability modelling. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2019; 44 (4):2274-2288.

Chicago/Turabian Style

J. Rajesh Banu; A. Parvathy Eswari; S. Kavitha; R. Yukesh Kannah; Gopalakrishnan Kumar; Mamdoh T. Jamal; Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale; Dinh Duc Nguyen; Doo-Geun Lee; Soon Woong Chang. 2019. "Energetically efficient microwave disintegration of waste activated sludge for biofuel production by zeolite: Quantification of energy and biodegradability modelling." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 44, no. 4: 2274-2288.