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Jonathan Barton
Institute of Geography, Institute for Sustainable Development, CEDEUS, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile

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Journal article
Published: 22 April 2021 in Sustainability
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Regional resilience refers to an immanent condition for facing multiple risks on a permanent basis, both episodic and incremental. These risks are not only linked to natural disasters and climate change, but also to poverty and inequality of access to services such as health, and personal safety. This article considers the underlying conditions that shape regional resilience in Chile, based on inter-regional and intra-regional comparisons in the Metropolitan Region of Santiago and the Region of Araucanía. Instead of viewing resilience in terms of an ability to counter a single risk, the article highlights the fact that risks are multiple and overlapping over time and generated at different scales. Municipal level data on poverty, health, and public finances in the two regions reveal the contrasting underlying inequalities that point to regional mosaics of resilience rather than homogeneity. Different threats are superposed on these preexisting conditions of resilience. The article refers to three in particular: the 2010 Chilean earthquake (episodic); climate change (episodic and incremental); and the Covid-19 pandemic (episodic). The findings point to high levels of urban versus rural differentiation, and also high differentiation within the Santiago Metropolitan Area based on socio-economic conditions. This regional mosaic of underlying structural conditions suggests that regional resilience can be enhanced by engaging with structural socio-spatial inequalities rather than a focus on managing risks via siloed, threat-by-threat responses.

ACS Style

Jonathan Barton; Felipe Gutiérrez-Antinopai; Miguel Escalona Ulloa. Adaptive Capacity as Local Sustainable Development: Contextualizing and Comparing Risks and Resilience in Two Chilean Regions. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4660 .

AMA Style

Jonathan Barton, Felipe Gutiérrez-Antinopai, Miguel Escalona Ulloa. Adaptive Capacity as Local Sustainable Development: Contextualizing and Comparing Risks and Resilience in Two Chilean Regions. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4660.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jonathan Barton; Felipe Gutiérrez-Antinopai; Miguel Escalona Ulloa. 2021. "Adaptive Capacity as Local Sustainable Development: Contextualizing and Comparing Risks and Resilience in Two Chilean Regions." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4660.

Journal article
Published: 11 January 2021 in Boletín de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles
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Desde su incorporación a la República de Chile, Wallmapu/Araucanía ha sido objeto de importantes transformaciones territoriales. Una vez usurpada la tierra al pueblo mapuche, llegó el momento de explotar los fértiles valles e inexpugnables bosques para dar inicio al cultivo de trigo y su explotación que duró hasta inicios del siglo XX. Este trabajo busca indagar en la ‘invención’ del paisaje forestal del ‘Oro Verde’ en este territorio, utilizando para ello el enfoque de la ecología política histórica y el marco de ‘paisajes de poder’ en particular. A partir del análisis e interpretación de fuentes históricas, incluyendo cartografía, fotografía y textos, se (re)construye la trayectoria de este paisaje, haciendo énfasis en el rol de la ciencia, la promulgación de leyes, la creación de instituciones y la influencia de instituciones internacionales, quienes durante gran parte del siglo XX allanaron el camino para la llegada de grandes empresas, quienes bajo la dictadura iniciaron un ‘boom’ forestal sin precedentes. Las conclusiones apuntan a la importancia de transitar desde el concepto neutro de vocación territorial hacia la invención del paisaje como una construcción social basada en relaciones de poder que llevan a la dominación y la exclusión.

ACS Style

Miguel Escalona Ulloa; Jonathan Barton. ‘Oro verde’: la invención del paisaje forestal en Wallmapu/Araucanía, sur de Chile. Boletín de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Miguel Escalona Ulloa, Jonathan Barton. ‘Oro verde’: la invención del paisaje forestal en Wallmapu/Araucanía, sur de Chile. Boletín de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles. 2021; (88):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Miguel Escalona Ulloa; Jonathan Barton. 2021. "‘Oro verde’: la invención del paisaje forestal en Wallmapu/Araucanía, sur de Chile." Boletín de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles , no. 88: 1.

Journal article
Published: 25 September 2020 in Sustainability
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Representations of sustainability and sustainable development, as images, figures, and models have received relatively little attention in the literature, compared with textual definitions. However, there has been a concerted effort by authors to communicate complexity to specialized and wider audiences over the past fifty years. The purpose of this article is to present a taxonomy of visual representations of sustainability and sustainable development that reveal the conceptual diversity and complexity of these metanarratives of the dynamics of socio-ecological systems (SES). Using an exploratory and interpretive methodology, the principal objective is to describe and interpret the core traits of 18 different representations, which reflect the hybrid nature of sustainability and sustainable development depictions, but also allow them to be categorized into six main types. This exercise is based on the review of images used in the secondary literature on sustainability and sustainable development, and also websites that have compiled sets of images. The shared roots or common traits of the six main types are to be found in the principles of complexity, nonlinearity, holism, projection, and praxis. These roots reflect not only the dynamics of SES, but also how these system representations change according to their purposes and etiologies which are, in turn, defined by the academic, public, and private actors who design them.

ACS Style

Jonathan Barton; Felipe Gutiérrez-Antinopai. Towards a Visual Typology of Sustainability and Sustainable Development. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7935 .

AMA Style

Jonathan Barton, Felipe Gutiérrez-Antinopai. Towards a Visual Typology of Sustainability and Sustainable Development. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (19):7935.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jonathan Barton; Felipe Gutiérrez-Antinopai. 2020. "Towards a Visual Typology of Sustainability and Sustainable Development." Sustainability 12, no. 19: 7935.

Journal article
Published: 13 December 2019 in Sustainability
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Urban sprawl has been studied principally as a phenomenon produced by a lack of or weakness in urban planning, as a consequence of real estate liberalization. This article examines the Chilean case, and proposes that the state has been the engine of this phenomenon through spatial planning instruments that have both neoliberal and neostructural features, and that are best defined by the concept, new public management. The analysis tracks urban sprawl in four intermediate cities, which have experienced high rates of growth since 2000, using photointerpretation of satellite images between 2003 and 2011, and the creation of a typology to define land uses and housing types. The results show that intermediate cities follow similar trends to the capital city, Santiago, and face similar problems, in particular the concentration of services in the urban core. These similarities are produced by the application of general planning instruments: Article 55 and Decree Law 3516. While most research on urban sprawl focuses on private agency, this article highlights the role of the state in its production. It is therefore relevant to explore the nature of public agency in urban sprawl processes in different metropolitan and intermediate cities, and how planning policies can be adapted to curb the phenomenon.

ACS Style

Jonathan R. Barton; María Inés Ramírez. The Role of Planning Policies in Promoting Urban Sprawl in Intermediate Cities: Evidence from Chile. Sustainability 2019, 11, 7165 .

AMA Style

Jonathan R. Barton, María Inés Ramírez. The Role of Planning Policies in Promoting Urban Sprawl in Intermediate Cities: Evidence from Chile. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (24):7165.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jonathan R. Barton; María Inés Ramírez. 2019. "The Role of Planning Policies in Promoting Urban Sprawl in Intermediate Cities: Evidence from Chile." Sustainability 11, no. 24: 7165.

Regular paper
Published: 28 September 2019 in Area
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ACS Style

Miguel Escalona Ulloa; Jonathan Barton; Jonathon R. Barton. A “landscapes of power” framework for historical political ecology: The production of cultural hegemony in Araucanía‐Wallmapu. Area 2019, 52, 445 -454.

AMA Style

Miguel Escalona Ulloa, Jonathan Barton, Jonathon R. Barton. A “landscapes of power” framework for historical political ecology: The production of cultural hegemony in Araucanía‐Wallmapu. Area. 2019; 52 (2):445-454.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Miguel Escalona Ulloa; Jonathan Barton; Jonathon R. Barton. 2019. "A “landscapes of power” framework for historical political ecology: The production of cultural hegemony in Araucanía‐Wallmapu." Area 52, no. 2: 445-454.

Articles
Published: 11 September 2019 in European Planning Studies
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This paper addresses the nature of Chilean investment in science, research and innovation and how this feeds into a broader narrative of productivist versus regional development, with a particular focus on natural resources. The concept of neostructuralism is employed to describe this productivist public sector support for investment in science and policy in relation to socio-economic and environmental research. Against this productivist perspective, a responsible research and innovation (RRI) approach is highlighted which is characterized by contextual, geographical relevance rather than generic solutions: sustainable regional development. Examples are drawn from mining and aquaculture to provide sectoral detail of this productivist logic: the case of mining reveals the focus on generating a cluster while the dimensions of indigenous conflicts and water stress are left to critical social sciences, while aquaculture provides examples of state support for aquaculture promotion with comparatively little investment in impact studies and conflicts. The conclusions point to a strong bias in science and development policy towards product innovation and the protagonism of the private sector allied with science policy support, while sustainable regional development and the role of the decentralized public sector is relegated to a more marginal field of ‘critical’ research.

ACS Style

Jonathan R. Barton; Álvaro Román; Johannes Rehner. Responsible research and innovation (RRI) in Chile: from a neostructural productivist imperative to sustainable regional development? European Planning Studies 2019, 27, 2510 -2532.

AMA Style

Jonathan R. Barton, Álvaro Román, Johannes Rehner. Responsible research and innovation (RRI) in Chile: from a neostructural productivist imperative to sustainable regional development? European Planning Studies. 2019; 27 (12):2510-2532.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jonathan R. Barton; Álvaro Román; Johannes Rehner. 2019. "Responsible research and innovation (RRI) in Chile: from a neostructural productivist imperative to sustainable regional development?" European Planning Studies 27, no. 12: 2510-2532.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2018 in Political Geography
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ACS Style

Jonathan R. Barton; Johannes Rehner. Neostructuralism through strategic transaction: The geopolinomics of China's Dragon Doctrine for Latin America. Political Geography 2018, 65, 77 -87.

AMA Style

Jonathan R. Barton, Johannes Rehner. Neostructuralism through strategic transaction: The geopolinomics of China's Dragon Doctrine for Latin America. Political Geography. 2018; 65 ():77-87.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jonathan R. Barton; Johannes Rehner. 2018. "Neostructuralism through strategic transaction: The geopolinomics of China's Dragon Doctrine for Latin America." Political Geography 65, no. : 77-87.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2016 in Journal of Developing Societies
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The Mapuche communities have the highest levels of vulnerability in Chile in terms of income, basic needs, and access to services. Nevertheless, those living in the Andean foothills have historically been exposed to extreme weather. Examining three Andean municipalities of the Araucanía Region from 1990 to 2015, including climate data, interviews with mayors, and adaptation responses of the Chilean state, the article provides evidence of a changing climate and increased vulnerability. The results show trends in scarcity of water, reduction of agricultural production, colonization of plants and population shifts to higher altitudes, increase pressure on Andean ecosystems, and displacement of traditional Mapuche knowledge and practices. Based on these findings, the authors argue it is necessary to change the context in which Mapuche communities develop their livelihoods. This involves strengthening the knowledge of local actors in order to increase their resilience, with adaptation initiatives that emerge from the local context. It also requires enhanced capacity for municipal emergencies and suitable adaptations in road infrastructure, housing, communications, and agricultural planning. At the national level, this also requires recognition of the specific vulnerabilities of indigenous people.

ACS Style

Elvis Parraguez-Vergara; Jonathan R. Barton; Gabriela Raposo-Quintana. Impacts of Climate Change in the Andean Foothills of Chile: Economic and Cultural Vulnerability of Indigenous Mapuche Livelihoods. Journal of Developing Societies 2016, 32, 454 -483.

AMA Style

Elvis Parraguez-Vergara, Jonathan R. Barton, Gabriela Raposo-Quintana. Impacts of Climate Change in the Andean Foothills of Chile: Economic and Cultural Vulnerability of Indigenous Mapuche Livelihoods. Journal of Developing Societies. 2016; 32 (4):454-483.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elvis Parraguez-Vergara; Jonathan R. Barton; Gabriela Raposo-Quintana. 2016. "Impacts of Climate Change in the Andean Foothills of Chile: Economic and Cultural Vulnerability of Indigenous Mapuche Livelihoods." Journal of Developing Societies 32, no. 4: 454-483.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2016 in Revista de geografía Norte Grande
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ACS Style

Jonathan R Barton; Felipe Irarrázaval. Adaptación al cambio climático y gestión de riesgos naturales: buscando síntesis en la planificación urbana. Revista de geografía Norte Grande 2016, 87 -110.

AMA Style

Jonathan R Barton, Felipe Irarrázaval. Adaptación al cambio climático y gestión de riesgos naturales: buscando síntesis en la planificación urbana. Revista de geografía Norte Grande. 2016; (63):87-110.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jonathan R Barton; Felipe Irarrázaval. 2016. "Adaptación al cambio climático y gestión de riesgos naturales: buscando síntesis en la planificación urbana." Revista de geografía Norte Grande , no. 63: 87-110.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2014 in Geoforum
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ACS Style

Johannes Rehner; Sebastián A. Baeza; Jonathan R. Barton. Chile’s resource-based export boom and its outcomes: Regional specialization, export stability and economic growth. Geoforum 2014, 56, 35 -45.

AMA Style

Johannes Rehner, Sebastián A. Baeza, Jonathan R. Barton. Chile’s resource-based export boom and its outcomes: Regional specialization, export stability and economic growth. Geoforum. 2014; 56 ():35-45.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Johannes Rehner; Sebastián A. Baeza; Jonathan R. Barton. 2014. "Chile’s resource-based export boom and its outcomes: Regional specialization, export stability and economic growth." Geoforum 56, no. : 35-45.

Journal article
Published: 07 August 2014 in Bulletin of Latin American Research
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The social licence is an instrument that establishes the conditions for community acceptance of an extractive industry project in a locality. It emerges at the interface of debates on corporate social responsibility and indigenous rights in Bolivia. In this article, relations between mining companies and local communities are explored, with a particular focus on the role of participation and firm‐based commitments to local development. The conclusions point to the limits of voluntary firm initiatives in strengthening local sustainable development. A more demanding regulatory instrument is required that may facilitate mutual agreement on the terms by which resources are extracted.

ACS Style

Cecilia Campero; Jonathan R. Barton. ‘You have to be with God and the Devil’: Linking Bolivia's Extractive Industries and Local Development through Social Licences. Bulletin of Latin American Research 2014, 34, 167 -183.

AMA Style

Cecilia Campero, Jonathan R. Barton. ‘You have to be with God and the Devil’: Linking Bolivia's Extractive Industries and Local Development through Social Licences. Bulletin of Latin American Research. 2014; 34 (2):167-183.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cecilia Campero; Jonathan R. Barton. 2014. "‘You have to be with God and the Devil’: Linking Bolivia's Extractive Industries and Local Development through Social Licences." Bulletin of Latin American Research 34, no. 2: 167-183.

Journal article
Published: 06 May 2014 in Journal of Water and Climate Change
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Water management systems have been typically designed and operated under the assumption of stationarity. This assumption may no longer be valid under climate change scenarios. Water availability may change dramatically at some locations due mainly to possible impacts of changes in temperature and precipitation over streamflow volume and seasonality, adding pressure to water supply systems. It has been shown that snowmelt-dominated basins are particularly sensitive to such changes. Hence, human settlements and economic activities developed in such areas are particularly vulnerable. The Maipo river basin in Central Chile – where more than 6 million people live – is one of these areas. We used a calibrated water resources model of the Maipo river basin, in order to propose a general framework to evaluate adaptation options at the urban level. When comparing a mid-21st century period to a historic control period, results for three selected performance metrics showed a decrease in water system performance. Adaptation measures were evaluated in their capacity to maintain current water security standards. Two alternatives stand as highly effective options to this end: water rights purchases and improvements in water use efficiency. The political and economic costs of implementing these options, which could deem them unviable, are not considered here but are worthy of further research.

ACS Style

Sebastián Bonelli; Sebastian Vicuna; Francisco J. Meza; Jorge Gironás; Jonathan Barton. Incorporating climate change adaptation strategies in urban water supply planning: the case of central Chile. Journal of Water and Climate Change 2014, 5, 357 -376.

AMA Style

Sebastián Bonelli, Sebastian Vicuna, Francisco J. Meza, Jorge Gironás, Jonathan Barton. Incorporating climate change adaptation strategies in urban water supply planning: the case of central Chile. Journal of Water and Climate Change. 2014; 5 (3):357-376.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sebastián Bonelli; Sebastian Vicuna; Francisco J. Meza; Jorge Gironás; Jonathan Barton. 2014. "Incorporating climate change adaptation strategies in urban water supply planning: the case of central Chile." Journal of Water and Climate Change 5, no. 3: 357-376.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2014 in Area
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This article points to two geographical representations. Both relate to the activities of the Military Geographical Institute (IGM) in Chile. The first representation, following on from the importance of the cartographic tradition in state‐building, and the role of military institutions in this process, is a critical engagement with the representation of Chilean academic geography on the international stage via the IGM. The paper will reflect on the circumstances through which the IGM assumed this role, and questions its legitimacy as a consequence. The second points to the representation of geography as a cartographical exercise. Historically, similar institutions to the IGM in Latin America have played important roles in creating their national spaces, through mapping and other practices that communicate geopolitical representations of the national space. These representations of geography as cartography remain important since maps are used to communicate a ‘national truth’ to the wider population as well as associated expansionist geopolitical narrative. The representation of the ‘Chilean Antarctic’ will be used as an example of this activity. Both of these representations – of national space‐building, and as the face of Chilean geography in international fora – are based on core elements of geopolitics that have to be engaged with critically since they reveal the continued importance of the military in representing national geographies. This article provides such an engagement, and concludes by arguing that representations of Chilean geography need to be democratised and demilitarised.

ACS Style

Jonathan R. Barton; Felipe Irarrazaval. Geographical representations: the role of the military in the development of contemporary Chilean geography. Area 2014, 46, 129 -136.

AMA Style

Jonathan R. Barton, Felipe Irarrazaval. Geographical representations: the role of the military in the development of contemporary Chilean geography. Area. 2014; 46 (2):129-136.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jonathan R. Barton; Felipe Irarrazaval. 2014. "Geographical representations: the role of the military in the development of contemporary Chilean geography." Area 46, no. 2: 129-136.

Journal article
Published: 15 March 2014 in Climate and Development
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ACS Style

Jonathan Barton; Kerstin Krellenberg; Jordan Michael Harris. Collaborative governance and the challenges of participatory climate change adaptation planning in Santiago de Chile. Climate and Development 2014, 7, 175 -184.

AMA Style

Jonathan Barton, Kerstin Krellenberg, Jordan Michael Harris. Collaborative governance and the challenges of participatory climate change adaptation planning in Santiago de Chile. Climate and Development. 2014; 7 (2):175-184.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jonathan Barton; Kerstin Krellenberg; Jordan Michael Harris. 2014. "Collaborative governance and the challenges of participatory climate change adaptation planning in Santiago de Chile." Climate and Development 7, no. 2: 175-184.

Book chapter
Published: 08 January 2014 in Climate Adaptation Santiago
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Participation plays a major role in contemporary urban planning. This is particularly the case for climate change adaptation, which—given the interwoven processes of climate change—involves a wide range of actors and sectors. This chapter discusses the overall need for participatory adaptation planning, exemplifying it with the process to develop a Regional Climate Change Adaptation Plan for Santiago de Chile. The experience highlights the most significant lessons learned, including the challenges and constraints that emerged during the process. The chapter stresses the use of a multi-stakeholder, inter-sectoral planning approach that involved the organization of ten roundtable meetings in Santiago de Chile over a period of two and a half years. Political legitimacy was provided by the two principal institutions responsible for climate change planning at city-regional level. Their participation in the process from the outset was central to the successful elaboration of the Regional Climate Change Adaptation Plan.

ACS Style

Jonathan Barton; Jordan Harris; Kerstin Krellenberg. Developing Climate Change Adaptation Measures in a Participatory Process: Roundtable Meetings. Climate Adaptation Santiago 2014, 157 -173.

AMA Style

Jonathan Barton, Jordan Harris, Kerstin Krellenberg. Developing Climate Change Adaptation Measures in a Participatory Process: Roundtable Meetings. Climate Adaptation Santiago. 2014; ():157-173.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jonathan Barton; Jordan Harris; Kerstin Krellenberg. 2014. "Developing Climate Change Adaptation Measures in a Participatory Process: Roundtable Meetings." Climate Adaptation Santiago , no. : 157-173.

Book chapter
Published: 06 December 2013 in Resource Governance and Developmental States in the Global South
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ACS Style

Jonathan R. Barton; Cecilia Campero; Rajiv Maher. ‘The Chilean Wage’. Resource Governance and Developmental States in the Global South 2013, 1 .

AMA Style

Jonathan R. Barton, Cecilia Campero, Rajiv Maher. ‘The Chilean Wage’. Resource Governance and Developmental States in the Global South. 2013; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jonathan R. Barton; Cecilia Campero; Rajiv Maher. 2013. "‘The Chilean Wage’." Resource Governance and Developmental States in the Global South , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2013 in Revista de geografía Norte Grande
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ACS Style

Jonathan Barton; Ricardo Pozo; Álvaro Román; Alejandro Salazar. Reestructuración urbana de un territorio glocalizado: una caracterización del crecimiento orgánico en las ciudades de Chiloé, 1979-2008. Revista de geografía Norte Grande 2013, 121 -142.

AMA Style

Jonathan Barton, Ricardo Pozo, Álvaro Román, Alejandro Salazar. Reestructuración urbana de un territorio glocalizado: una caracterización del crecimiento orgánico en las ciudades de Chiloé, 1979-2008. Revista de geografía Norte Grande. 2013; (56):121-142.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jonathan Barton; Ricardo Pozo; Álvaro Román; Alejandro Salazar. 2013. "Reestructuración urbana de un territorio glocalizado: una caracterización del crecimiento orgánico en las ciudades de Chiloé, 1979-2008." Revista de geografía Norte Grande , no. 56: 121-142.

Journal article
Published: 05 September 2013 in International Journal of Urban and Regional Research
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For most urban areas, the challenges of adaptation are as urgent as those of mitigation. This is particularly the case where adaptive capacity is weak, particularly in low‐ and middle‐income countries, and the benefits of global mitigation in the short term will be experienced beyond 2050. A focus on adaptive capacity‐building in these vulnerable settings is imperative. Much of the emphasis in climate change since the early 1990s has been on basic science and how public policy should respond to it; less attention has been paid to the governance implications and connections with wider development processes. This article explores the governance challenges of adaptation in the Santiago Metropolitan Region. It points to weaknesses in the water and energy sectors, which have highly sectoral, horizontally unintegrated institutional structures and instruments that pose significant challenges for adaptation. Such cases point to the need to engage with both the wider planning concerns of existing development strategies and the basic elements of transdisciplinarity, finance and human capital‐building, in order to forge a more integrated adaptation response. Without an engagement with the governance issue and wider debates around metropolitan planning and socioeconomic development, it is unlikely the response will move beyond a limited physical infrastructure investment programme.

ACS Style

Jonathan R. Barton. Climate Change Adaptive Capacity in Santiago de Chile: Creating a Governance Regime for Sustainability Planning. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 2013, 37, 1916 -1933.

AMA Style

Jonathan R. Barton. Climate Change Adaptive Capacity in Santiago de Chile: Creating a Governance Regime for Sustainability Planning. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research. 2013; 37 (6):1916-1933.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jonathan R. Barton. 2013. "Climate Change Adaptive Capacity in Santiago de Chile: Creating a Governance Regime for Sustainability Planning." International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 37, no. 6: 1916-1933.

Book chapter
Published: 01 January 2013 in Resource Governance and Developmental States in the Global South
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Chilean economic history has been dominated by dependence on mining. The origins of the post-independence involvement of the country in the international trading system were founded on the nitrate boom in the late nineteenth century and the demise of this sector led to the growth of copper mining in the first half of the twentieth century. Export orientation remains the core of the national development model, in spite of attempts to weaken this link through structuralist Import Substitution Industrialisation (ISI) interventions from the late 1930s to 1950s. As a consequence of this resource dependence, it is difficult to separate the Chilean development model and mining policy. The state mining company CODELCO remains a key provider for public spending, an anomaly given the recent decades of neoliberalism, while 10 per cent of CODELCO copper sales were guaranteed for the military until June 2012 when the Ley Reservada de Cobre was repealed.

ACS Style

Jonathan R. Barton; Cecilia Campero; Rajiv Maher. ‘The Chilean Wage’: Mining and the Janus face of the Chilean Development Model. Resource Governance and Developmental States in the Global South 2013, 127 -148.

AMA Style

Jonathan R. Barton, Cecilia Campero, Rajiv Maher. ‘The Chilean Wage’: Mining and the Janus face of the Chilean Development Model. Resource Governance and Developmental States in the Global South. 2013; ():127-148.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jonathan R. Barton; Cecilia Campero; Rajiv Maher. 2013. "‘The Chilean Wage’: Mining and the Janus face of the Chilean Development Model." Resource Governance and Developmental States in the Global South , no. : 127-148.

Original articles
Published: 01 December 2012 in Globalizations
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1974년 피노체트의 삼림법은 남부 칠레의 삼림 부문의 급격한 발전을 가져왔다. 비록 새로운 고용기회와 경제적인 승수 효과가 있었지만, 사회적으로 또한 환경적으로 삼림 부문의 부정적인 효과는 광범위하고 다양한 사회단체들로부터의 반발을 불러 일으켰다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 집단적으로 행동하고 삼림 부문의 지배적인 행위자들에 대항하는 동맹을 이룩하기 위한 조직들의 역량은 취약했다. 이 논문은 다른 사회운동들이 삼림 부문의 개발과 관련된 사회적-환경적 정의에 대한 요구를 내세우기 위하여 수평적 연계를 만들어 내는데 실패했다는 것을 주장한다. 이것은 강한 국가-기업 연계의 산물이며, 독재의 유물인 두 회사가 지배하는 높은 경제적 집중의 결과이다. 노조, 환경 NGO와 원주민 집단들의 다양한 사회운동은 사회적-환경적 충격에 대한 우려를 드러내고 직접적인 갈등으로 이루어지는 부문에 대한 반대 요구를 만들어 낸다. 이 글은 이러한 요구들이 어떻게 지역 내 행위자들 사이에 수평적으로 만들어 지고 지역을 넘어서 국가적, 지구적 규모로 수직적으로 확대되는지에 초점을 맞춘다. 더 강한 수직적 네트워크의 형성에도 불구하고, 운동들은 분절된 형태로 남아 있고, 삼림 기업들의 영향력에 비해서 주변적이다. 집합적 요구를 만들어 내는 역량의 부족으로 인하여 재분배와 권리 보호에 대한 풀뿌리 요구는 대단히 제약되어 있다.

ACS Style

Jonathan R. Barton; Alvaro Roman. Social Movement Strategies for Articulating Claims for Socio-Ecological Justice: Glocal Asymmetries in the Chilean Forestry Sector. Globalizations 2012, 9, 869 -885.

AMA Style

Jonathan R. Barton, Alvaro Roman. Social Movement Strategies for Articulating Claims for Socio-Ecological Justice: Glocal Asymmetries in the Chilean Forestry Sector. Globalizations. 2012; 9 (6):869-885.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jonathan R. Barton; Alvaro Roman. 2012. "Social Movement Strategies for Articulating Claims for Socio-Ecological Justice: Glocal Asymmetries in the Chilean Forestry Sector." Globalizations 9, no. 6: 869-885.