This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
Arvind Gangoli Rao; Merijn Rembrandt Van Holsteijn; Feijia Yin. Operating Characteristics of an Electrically Assisted Turbofan Engine. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleArvind Gangoli Rao, Merijn Rembrandt Van Holsteijn, Feijia Yin. Operating Characteristics of an Electrically Assisted Turbofan Engine. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArvind Gangoli Rao; Merijn Rembrandt Van Holsteijn; Feijia Yin. 2021. "Operating Characteristics of an Electrically Assisted Turbofan Engine." , no. : 1.
Air traffic contributes to anthropogenic global warming by about 5% due to CO2 emissions and non-CO2 effects, which are primarily caused by the emission of NOx and water vapor as well as the formation of contrails. Since—in the long term—the aviation industry is expected to maintain its trend to grow, mitigation measures are required to counteract its negative effects upon the environment. One of the promising operational mitigation measures that has been a subject of the EU project ATM4E is climate-optimized flight planning by considering algorithmic climate change functions that allow for the quantification of aviation-induced climate impact based on the emission’s location and time. Here, we describe the methodology developed for the use of algorithmic climate change functions in trajectory optimization and present the results of its application to the planning of about 13,000 intra-European flights on one specific day with strong contrail formation over Europe. The optimization problem is formulated as bi-objective continuous optimal control problem with climate impact and fuel burn being the two objectives. Results on an individual flight basis indicate that there are three major classes of different routes that are characterized by different shapes of the corresponding Pareto fronts representing the relationship between climate impact reduction and fuel burn increase. On average, for the investigated weather situation and traffic scenario, a climate impact reduction in the order of 50% can be achieved by accepting 0.75% of additional fuel burn. Higher mitigation gains would only be available at much higher fuel penalties, e.g., a climate impact reduction of 76% associated with a fuel penalty of 12.8%. However, these solutions represent much less efficient climate impact mitigation options.
Benjamin Lührs; Florian Linke; Sigrun Matthes; Volker Grewe; Feijia Yin. Climate Impact Mitigation Potential of European Air Traffic in a Weather Situation with Strong Contrail Formation. Aerospace 2021, 8, 50 .
AMA StyleBenjamin Lührs, Florian Linke, Sigrun Matthes, Volker Grewe, Feijia Yin. Climate Impact Mitigation Potential of European Air Traffic in a Weather Situation with Strong Contrail Formation. Aerospace. 2021; 8 (2):50.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBenjamin Lührs; Florian Linke; Sigrun Matthes; Volker Grewe; Feijia Yin. 2021. "Climate Impact Mitigation Potential of European Air Traffic in a Weather Situation with Strong Contrail Formation." Aerospace 8, no. 2: 50.
Climate-optimized routing is an operational measure to effectively reduce the climate impact of aviation with a slight increase in aircraft operating costs. This study examined variations in the flight characteristics among five aircraft routing strategies and discusses several characteristics of those routing strategies concerning typical weather conditions over the North Atlantic. The daily variability in the North Atlantic weather patterns was analyzed by using the European Center Hamburg general circulation model (ECHAM) and the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy) Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) model in the specified dynamics mode from December 2008 to August 2018. All days of the ten complete winters and summers in the simulations were classified into five weather types for winter and into three types for summer. The obtained frequency for each of the weather types was in good agreement with the literature data; and then representative days for each weather type were selected. Moreover, a total of 103 North Atlantic flights of an Airbus A330 aircraft were simulated with five aircraft routing strategies for each representative day by using the EMAC model with the air traffic simulation submodel AirTraf. For every weather type, climate-optimized routing shows the lowest climate impact, at which a trade-off exists between the operating costs and the climate impact. Cost-optimized routing lies between the time- and fuel-optimized routings and achieves the lowest operating costs by taking the best compromise between flight time and fuel use. The aircraft routing for contrail avoidance shows the second lowest climate impact; however, this routing causes extra operating costs. Our methodology could be extended to statistical analysis based on long-term simulations to clarify the relationship between the aircraft routing characteristics and weather conditions.
Hiroshi Yamashita; Feijia Yin; Volker Grewe; Patrick Jöckel; Sigrun Matthes; Bastian Kern; Katrin Dahlmann; Christine Frömming. Analysis of Aircraft Routing Strategies for North Atlantic Flights by Using AirTraf 2.0. Aerospace 2021, 8, 33 .
AMA StyleHiroshi Yamashita, Feijia Yin, Volker Grewe, Patrick Jöckel, Sigrun Matthes, Bastian Kern, Katrin Dahlmann, Christine Frömming. Analysis of Aircraft Routing Strategies for North Atlantic Flights by Using AirTraf 2.0. Aerospace. 2021; 8 (2):33.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHiroshi Yamashita; Feijia Yin; Volker Grewe; Patrick Jöckel; Sigrun Matthes; Bastian Kern; Katrin Dahlmann; Christine Frömming. 2021. "Analysis of Aircraft Routing Strategies for North Atlantic Flights by Using AirTraf 2.0." Aerospace 8, no. 2: 33.
Aviation is the backbone of our modern society. In 2019, around 4.5 billion passengers travelled through the air. However, at the same time, aviation was also responsible for around 5% of anthropogenic causes of global warming. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the aviation sector in the short term is clearly very high, but the long-term effects are still unknown. However, with the increase in global GDP, the number of travelers is expected to increase between three- to four-fold by the middle of this century. While other sectors of transportation are making steady progress in decarbonizing, aviation is falling behind. This paper explores some of the various options for energy carriers in aviation and particularly highlights the possibilities and challenges of using cryogenic fuels/energy carriers such as liquid hydrogen (LH2) and liquefied natural gas (LNG).
Arvind Gangoli Rao; Feijia Yin; Henri G.C. Werij. Energy Transition in Aviation: The Role of Cryogenic Fuels. Aerospace 2020, 7, 181 .
AMA StyleArvind Gangoli Rao, Feijia Yin, Henri G.C. Werij. Energy Transition in Aviation: The Role of Cryogenic Fuels. Aerospace. 2020; 7 (12):181.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArvind Gangoli Rao; Feijia Yin; Henri G.C. Werij. 2020. "Energy Transition in Aviation: The Role of Cryogenic Fuels." Aerospace 7, no. 12: 181.
Aviation can reduce its climate impact by controlling its CO2-emission and non-CO2 effects, e.g., aviation-induced contrail-cirrus and ozone caused by nitrogen oxide emissions. One option is the implementation of operational measures that aim to avoid those atmospheric regions that are in particular sensitive to non-CO2 aviation effects, e.g., where persistent contrails form. The quantitative estimates of mitigation potentials of such climate-optimized aircraft trajectories are required, when working towards sustainable aviation. The results are presented from a comprehensive modelling approach when aiming to identify such climate-optimized aircraft trajectories. The overall concept relies on a multi-dimensional environmental change function concept, which is capable of providing climate impact information to air traffic management (ATM). Estimates on overall climate impact reduction from a one-day case study are presented that rely on the best estimate for climate impact information. Specific weather situation that day, containing regions with high contrail impact, results in a potential reduction of total climate impact, by more than 40%, when considering CO2 and non-CO2 effects, associated with an increase of fuel by about 0.5%. The climate impact reduction per individual alternative trajectory shows a strong variation and, hence, also the mitigation potential for an analyzed city pair, depending on atmospheric characteristics along the flight corridor as well as flight altitude. The robustness of proposed climate-optimized trajectories is assessed by using a range of different climate metrics. A more sustainable ATM needs to integrate comprehensive environmental impacts and associated forecast uncertainties into route optimization in order to identify robust eco-efficient trajectories.
Sigrun Matthes; Benjamin Lührs; Katrin Dahlmann; Volker Grewe; Florian Linke; Feijia Yin; Emma Klingaman; Keith P. Shine. Climate-Optimized Trajectories and Robust Mitigation Potential: Flying ATM4E. Aerospace 2020, 7, 156 .
AMA StyleSigrun Matthes, Benjamin Lührs, Katrin Dahlmann, Volker Grewe, Florian Linke, Feijia Yin, Emma Klingaman, Keith P. Shine. Climate-Optimized Trajectories and Robust Mitigation Potential: Flying ATM4E. Aerospace. 2020; 7 (11):156.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSigrun Matthes; Benjamin Lührs; Katrin Dahlmann; Volker Grewe; Florian Linke; Feijia Yin; Emma Klingaman; Keith P. Shine. 2020. "Climate-Optimized Trajectories and Robust Mitigation Potential: Flying ATM4E." Aerospace 7, no. 11: 156.
Aviation is responsible for approximately 5% of global warming and is expected to increase substantially in the future. Given the continuing expansion of air traffic, mitigation of aviation’s climate impact becomes challenging but imperative. Among various mitigation options, hybrid-electric aircraft (HEA) have drawn intensive attention due to their considerable potential in reducing greenhouse gas emissions (e.g., CO2). However, the non-CO2 effects (especially contrails) of HEA on climate change are more challenging to assess. As the first step to understanding the climate impact of HEA, this research investigates the effects on the formation of persistent contrails when flying with HEA. The simulation is performed using an Earth System Model (EMAC) coupled with a submodel (CONTRAIL), where the contrail formation criterion, the Schmidt–Appleman criterion (SAC), is adapted to globally estimate changes in the potential contrail coverage (PCC). We compared the HEA to conventional (reference) aircraft with the same characteristics, except for the propulsion system. The analysis showed that the temperature threshold of contrail formation for HEA is lower; therefore, conventional reference aircraft can form contrails at lower flight altitudes, whereas the HEA does not. For a given flight altitude, with a small fraction of electric power in use (less than 30%), the potential contrail coverage remained nearly unchanged. As the electric power fraction increased, the reduction in contrail formation was mainly observed in the mid-latitudes (30° N and 40° S) or tropical regions and was very much localized with a maximum value of about 40% locally. The analysis of seasonal effects showed that in non-summer, the reduction in contrail formation using electric power was more pronounced at lower flight altitudes, whereas in summer the changes in PCC were nearly constant with respect to altitude.
Feijia Yin; Volker Grewe; Klaus Gierens. Impact of Hybrid-Electric Aircraft on Contrail Coverage. Aerospace 2020, 7, 147 .
AMA StyleFeijia Yin, Volker Grewe, Klaus Gierens. Impact of Hybrid-Electric Aircraft on Contrail Coverage. Aerospace. 2020; 7 (10):147.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFeijia Yin; Volker Grewe; Klaus Gierens. 2020. "Impact of Hybrid-Electric Aircraft on Contrail Coverage." Aerospace 7, no. 10: 147.
Aviation contributes to climate change, and the climate impact of aviation is expected to increase further. Adaptations of aircraft routings in order to reduce the climate impact are an important climate change mitigation measure. The air traffic simulator AirTraf, as a submodel of the European Center HAMburg general circulation model (ECHAM) and Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy) Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) model, enables the evaluation of such measures. For the first version of the submodel AirTraf, we concentrated on the general setup of the model, including departure and arrival, performance and emissions, and technical aspects such as the parallelization of the aircraft trajectory calculation with only a limited set of optimization possibilities (time and distance). Here, in the second version of AirTraf, we focus on enlarging the objective functions by seven new options to enable assessing operational improvements in many more aspects including economic costs, contrail occurrence, and climate impact. We verify that the AirTraf setup, e.g., in terms of number and choice of design variables for the genetic algorithm, allows us to find solutions even with highly structured fields such as contrail occurrence. This is shown by example simulations of the new routing options, including around 100 North Atlantic flights of an Airbus A330 aircraft for a typical winter day. The results clearly show that AirTraf 2.0 can find the different families of optimum flight trajectories (three-dimensional) for specific routing options; those trajectories minimize the corresponding objective functions successfully. The minimum cost option lies between the minimum time and the minimum fuel options. Thus, aircraft operating costs are minimized by taking the best compromise between flight time and fuel use. The aircraft routings for contrail avoidance and minimum climate impact reduce the potential climate impact which is estimated by using algorithmic climate change functions, whereas these two routings increase the aircraft operating costs. A trade-off between the aircraft operating costs and the climate impact is confirmed. The simulation results are compared with literature data, and the consistency of the submodel AirTraf 2.0 is verified.
Hiroshi Yamashita; Feijia Yin; Volker Grewe; Patrick Jöckel; Sigrun Matthes; Bastian Kern; Katrin Dahlmann; Christine Frömming. Newly developed aircraft routing options for air traffic simulation in the chemistry–climate model EMAC 2.53: AirTraf 2.0. Geoscientific Model Development 2020, 13, 4869 -4890.
AMA StyleHiroshi Yamashita, Feijia Yin, Volker Grewe, Patrick Jöckel, Sigrun Matthes, Bastian Kern, Katrin Dahlmann, Christine Frömming. Newly developed aircraft routing options for air traffic simulation in the chemistry–climate model EMAC 2.53: AirTraf 2.0. Geoscientific Model Development. 2020; 13 (10):4869-4890.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHiroshi Yamashita; Feijia Yin; Volker Grewe; Patrick Jöckel; Sigrun Matthes; Bastian Kern; Katrin Dahlmann; Christine Frömming. 2020. "Newly developed aircraft routing options for air traffic simulation in the chemistry–climate model EMAC 2.53: AirTraf 2.0." Geoscientific Model Development 13, no. 10: 4869-4890.
With the growing pressure to reduce the environmental footprint of aviation, new and efficient propulsion systems must be investigated. The current research looks at the operating characteristics of a turbofan engine in a parallel hybrid-electric propulsion system. Electric motors are used to supply power in the most demanding take-off and climb phases to achieve the required thrust, which allows the turbofan to be redesigned to maximize the cruise performance (to some extent). It was found that the turbofan’s cruise efficiency can be improved by 1.0% by relaxing the constraints of take-off and climb. It was found that the surge margins of compressors limit the amount of power that could be electrically supplied. On a short-range mission, the hybrid-electric propulsion system showed a potential to reduce around 7% of fuel burn on an A320 class aircraft. Most of these savings are however achieved due to fully electric taxiing. The weight of the electrical propulsion system largely offsets the efficiency improvements of the gas turbine during cruise flight. A system dedicated for fully electric taxiing system could provide similar savings, at less effort and costs. Given the optimistic technology levels used in the current analysis, parallel hybrid-electric propulsion is not likely to be used in the next-generation short to medium range aircraft.
Merijn Rembrandt van Holsteijn; Arvind Gangoli Rao; Feijia Yin. Operating Characteristics of an Electrically Assisted Turbofan Engine. Volume 1: Aircraft Engine; Fans and Blowers 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleMerijn Rembrandt van Holsteijn, Arvind Gangoli Rao, Feijia Yin. Operating Characteristics of an Electrically Assisted Turbofan Engine. Volume 1: Aircraft Engine; Fans and Blowers. 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMerijn Rembrandt van Holsteijn; Arvind Gangoli Rao; Feijia Yin. 2020. "Operating Characteristics of an Electrically Assisted Turbofan Engine." Volume 1: Aircraft Engine; Fans and Blowers , no. : 1.
Society is going through transformations at a rate that is unprecedented in human history. One such transformation is the energy transition, which will affect almost every facet of our society. Gas turbine engines are state of the art machines, a backbone of modern society, and used in various applications, right from power generation to propelling aircraft and ships. This paper reviews the possibilities offered by the Inter-stage Turbine Burner (ITB) configuration for both aviation and power generation with a view on sustainability and fuel flexibility. First, the thermodynamic characteristics of a Brayton-Joule cycle with ITB is elaborated, followed by discussions on the design and the off-design performance characteristics of such a gas turbine architectural variation. Finally, the viability of ITB architecture in reducing emissions and enabling “Energy Mix” in aviation is elaborated. The paper concludes with an outlook on the technological readiness ladder that the engineering community will have to address in the future.
Feijia Yin; Arvind Gangoli Rao. A review of gas turbine engine with inter-stage turbine burner. Progress in Aerospace Sciences 2020, 121, 100695 .
AMA StyleFeijia Yin, Arvind Gangoli Rao. A review of gas turbine engine with inter-stage turbine burner. Progress in Aerospace Sciences. 2020; 121 ():100695.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFeijia Yin; Arvind Gangoli Rao. 2020. "A review of gas turbine engine with inter-stage turbine burner." Progress in Aerospace Sciences 121, no. : 100695.
Supersonic civil aircraft is of a promising area in the development of future civil transport, and aircraft propulsion system is one of the key issues which determine the success of the aircraft. To get a good conceptual design and performance investigation of the supersonic civil aircraft engine, in this article, a fast, versatile as well as trust-worthy numerical simulation platform was established to analyze the Mach 4 turbine-based combined cycle (TBCC) engine concept so as to be applied to the supersonic civil aircraft. First, a quick and accurate task requirement analysis module was newly established to analyze the mission requirement of the Mach 4 supersonic civil aircraft. Second, the TBCC engine performance simulation model was briefly presented and the number of engines on the supersonic civil aircraft was analyzed, considering single engine inoperative. Third, the Stone model and the DLR method were investigated to estimate the engine jet noise and the NOx emission of the Mach 4 supersonic civil aircraft. Finally, a multiobjective optimization tool made up of a response surface method and a genetic algorithm was developed to optimize the design parameters and the control law of the TBCC engine, in order to make the Mach 4 supersonic civil aircraft engine with better performance, lower noise, and lower emissions. The uniqueness of the developed analysis tool lies in that it affords a numerical simulation platform capable of investigating the task requirement analysis module of the supersonic civil aircraft, engine jet noise prediction model, and the NOx emission prediction model, as well as a multiobjective performance optimization tool, which is beneficial for the conceptual design and performance research of Mach 4 supersonic civil aircraft’s propulsion system.
Min Chen; Zihao Jia; Hailong Tang; Yi Xiao; Yonghang Yang; Feijia Yin. Research on Simulation and Performance Optimization of Mach 4 Civil Aircraft Propulsion Concept. International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2019, 2019, 1 -19.
AMA StyleMin Chen, Zihao Jia, Hailong Tang, Yi Xiao, Yonghang Yang, Feijia Yin. Research on Simulation and Performance Optimization of Mach 4 Civil Aircraft Propulsion Concept. International Journal of Aerospace Engineering. 2019; 2019 ():1-19.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMin Chen; Zihao Jia; Hailong Tang; Yi Xiao; Yonghang Yang; Feijia Yin. 2019. "Research on Simulation and Performance Optimization of Mach 4 Civil Aircraft Propulsion Concept." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2019, no. : 1-19.
This paper studies the impacts on flight trajectories, such as lateral and vertical changes, when avoiding the formation of persistent contrails for transatlantic flights. A sophisticated Earth-System Model (EMAC) coupled with a flight routing submodel (AirTraf) and a contrail submodel (CONTRAIL) is used to optimize flight trajectories concerning the flight time and the flight distance through contrail forming regions (contrail distance). All the trajectories are calculated taking into account the effects of the actual and local meteorological parameters, e.g., wind, temperature, relative humidity, etc. A full-year simulation has been conducted based on a daily flight schedule of 103 transatlantic flights. The trade-off between the flight time and contrail distance shows a large daily variability, meaning for the same increase in flight time, the reduction in contrail distance varies from 20% to 80% depending on the daily meteorological situation. The results confirm that the overall changes in flight trajectories follow a seasonal cycle corresponding to the nature of the potential contrail coverage. In non-summer seasons, the southward and upward shifts of the trajectories are favorable to avoid the contrail formation. In summer, the northward and upward shifts are preferred. A partial mitigation strategy for up to 40% reduction in contrail distance can be achieved throughout all the seasons with a negligible increase in flight time (less than 2%), which represents a reasonable trade-off between flight time increase and contrail avoidance.
Feijia Yin; Volker Grewe; Christine Frömming; Hiroshi Yamashita. Impact on flight trajectory characteristics when avoiding the formation of persistent contrails for transatlantic flights. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 2018, 65, 466 -484.
AMA StyleFeijia Yin, Volker Grewe, Christine Frömming, Hiroshi Yamashita. Impact on flight trajectory characteristics when avoiding the formation of persistent contrails for transatlantic flights. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. 2018; 65 ():466-484.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFeijia Yin; Volker Grewe; Christine Frömming; Hiroshi Yamashita. 2018. "Impact on flight trajectory characteristics when avoiding the formation of persistent contrails for transatlantic flights." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 65, no. : 466-484.
This paper presents the performance assessment of a novel turbofan engine using two energy sources: Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) and kerosene, called Multi-Fuel Hybrid Engine (MFHE). The MFHE is a new engine concept consisting of several novel features, such as a contra-rotating fan to sustain distortion caused by boundary layer ingestion, a sequential dual-combustion system to facilitate “Energy Mix” in aviation and a Cryogenic Bleed Air Cooling System (CBACS) to cool the turbine cooling air. The MFHE has been envisaged as a propulsion system for a long-range Multi-Fuel Blended Wing Body (MFBWB) aircraft. In this research, we study the uninstalled characteristics of the MFHE covering three aspects: 1) the effects of CBACS on the High Pressure Turbine (HPT) cooling air requirement and its consequence on the engine cycle efficiency; 2) the cycle optimization of the MFHE; 3) the performance of the MFHE at a mission level. An integrated model framework consisting of an engine performance model, a sophisticated turbine-cooling model, and a CBACS model is used. The parametric analysis shows that using CBACS can reduce the bleed air temperature significantly (up to 400 K), thereby decreasing the HPT cooling air by more than 40%. Simultaneously, the LNG temperature increases by more than 200 K. The hybrid engine alone reduces the CO2 emission by about 27% and the energy consumption by 12% compared to the current state-of-the-art turbofan engine. Furthermore, the mission analysis indicates a reduction in NOx emission by 80% and CO2 emission by 50% when compared to the baseline aircraft B-777 200ER.
Feijia Yin; Arvind Gangoli Rao; Abhishek Bhat; Min Chen. Performance assessment of a multi-fuel hybrid engine for future aircraft. Aerospace Science and Technology 2018, 77, 217 -227.
AMA StyleFeijia Yin, Arvind Gangoli Rao, Abhishek Bhat, Min Chen. Performance assessment of a multi-fuel hybrid engine for future aircraft. Aerospace Science and Technology. 2018; 77 ():217-227.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFeijia Yin; Arvind Gangoli Rao; Abhishek Bhat; Min Chen. 2018. "Performance assessment of a multi-fuel hybrid engine for future aircraft." Aerospace Science and Technology 77, no. : 217-227.
As the overall pressure ratio (OPR) and turbine inlet temperature (TIT) of modern gas turbines are constantly being increased in the pursuit of increasing efficiency and specific power, the effect of bleed cooling air on the engine performance is increasingly becoming important. During the thermodynamic cycle analysis and optimization phase, the cooling bleed air requirement is either neglected or is modeled by simplified correlations, which can lead to erroneous results. In this current research, a physics-based turbine cooling prediction model, based on semi-empirical correlations for heat transfer and pressure drop, is developed and verified with turbine cooling data available in the open literature. Based on the validated model, a parametric analysis is performed to understand the variation of turbine cooling requirement with variation in TIT and OPR of future advanced engine cycles. It is found that the existing method of calculating turbine cooling air mass flow with simplified correlation underpredicts the amount of turbine cooling air for higher OPR and TIT, thus overpredicting the estimated engine efficiency.
Feijia Yin; Floris S. Tiemstra; Arvind Gangoli Rao. Development of a Flexible Turbine Cooling Prediction Tool for Preliminary Design of Gas Turbines. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 2018, 140, 1 .
AMA StyleFeijia Yin, Floris S. Tiemstra, Arvind Gangoli Rao. Development of a Flexible Turbine Cooling Prediction Tool for Preliminary Design of Gas Turbines. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power. 2018; 140 (9):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFeijia Yin; Floris S. Tiemstra; Arvind Gangoli Rao. 2018. "Development of a Flexible Turbine Cooling Prediction Tool for Preliminary Design of Gas Turbines." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 140, no. 9: 1.
As an evolutional concept of variable cycle engine, the adaptive cycle engine draws widely attention with high expectations. It combines a variable geometry schedule and component matching principles to demonstrate its advantages such as avoiding severe inlet spillage drag and the wide variable cycle characteristics. Thus, this paper aims at equilibrium running principle analysis on an adaptive cycle engine at variable operating modes, deriving the equilibrium running equations of an adaptive cycle engine for the first time, and exploring the physical essence of components matching principle on the basis of a newly developed nonlinear component-based adaptive cycle engine performance model. It uncovers the physical essence of components matching relationships and provides mathematical derivation of equilibrium running principles which lay theoretical foundation of the variable geometries modulation schedule and overall performance optimization on an adaptive cycle engine.
Junchao Zheng; Hailong Tang; Min Chen; Feijia Yin. Equilibrium running principle analysis on an adaptive cycle engine. Applied Thermal Engineering 2018, 132, 393 -409.
AMA StyleJunchao Zheng, Hailong Tang, Min Chen, Feijia Yin. Equilibrium running principle analysis on an adaptive cycle engine. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2018; 132 ():393-409.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJunchao Zheng; Hailong Tang; Min Chen; Feijia Yin. 2018. "Equilibrium running principle analysis on an adaptive cycle engine." Applied Thermal Engineering 132, no. : 393-409.
Volker Grewe; Lisa Bock; Ulrike Burkhardt; Katrin Dahlmann; Klaus Gierens; Ludwig Hüttenhofer; Simon Unterstrasser; Arvind Gangoli Rao; Abhishek Bhat; Feijia Yin; Thoralf G. Reichel; Oliver Paschereit; Yeshayahou Levy. Assessing the climate impact of the AHEAD multi-fuel blended wing body. Meteorologische Zeitschrift 2017, 26, 711 -725.
AMA StyleVolker Grewe, Lisa Bock, Ulrike Burkhardt, Katrin Dahlmann, Klaus Gierens, Ludwig Hüttenhofer, Simon Unterstrasser, Arvind Gangoli Rao, Abhishek Bhat, Feijia Yin, Thoralf G. Reichel, Oliver Paschereit, Yeshayahou Levy. Assessing the climate impact of the AHEAD multi-fuel blended wing body. Meteorologische Zeitschrift. 2017; 26 (6):711-725.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVolker Grewe; Lisa Bock; Ulrike Burkhardt; Katrin Dahlmann; Klaus Gierens; Ludwig Hüttenhofer; Simon Unterstrasser; Arvind Gangoli Rao; Abhishek Bhat; Feijia Yin; Thoralf G. Reichel; Oliver Paschereit; Yeshayahou Levy. 2017. "Assessing the climate impact of the AHEAD multi-fuel blended wing body." Meteorologische Zeitschrift 26, no. 6: 711-725.
The historical trends of reduction in fuel consumption and emissions from aero engines have been mainly due to the improvement in the thermal efficiency, propulsive efficiency and combustion technology. The engine Overall Pressure Ratio (OPR) and Turbine Inlet Temperature (TIT) are being increased in the pursuit of increasing the engine thermal efficiency. However, this has an adverse effect on engine NOx emission. The current paper investigates a possible solution to overcome this problem for future generation Very High Bypass Ratio (VHBR)/Ultra High Bypass Ratio (UHBR) aero-engines in the form of an Inter-stage Turbine Burner (ITB). The ITB concept is investigated on a next generation baseline VHBR aero engine to evaluate its effect on the engine performance and emission characteristics for different ITB energy fractions. It is found that the ITB can reduce the bleed air required for cooling the HPT substantially (around 80%) and also reduce the NOx emission significantly (>30%) without penalising the engine specific fuel consumption.
F. Yin; A. Gangoli Rao. Performance analysis of an aero engine with inter-stage turbine burner. The Aeronautical Journal 2017, 121, 1605 -1626.
AMA StyleF. Yin, A. Gangoli Rao. Performance analysis of an aero engine with inter-stage turbine burner. The Aeronautical Journal. 2017; 121 (1245):1605-1626.
Chicago/Turabian StyleF. Yin; A. Gangoli Rao. 2017. "Performance analysis of an aero engine with inter-stage turbine burner." The Aeronautical Journal 121, no. 1245: 1605-1626.
Comprehensive assessment of the environmental aspects of flight movements is of increasing interest to the aviation sector as a potential input for developing sustainable aviation strategies that consider climate impact, air quality and noise issues simultaneously. However, comprehensive assessments of all three environmental aspects do not yet exist and are in particular not yet operational practice in flight planning. The purpose of this study is to present a methodology which allows to establish a multi-criteria environmental impact assessment directly in the flight planning process. The method expands a concept developed for climate optimisation of aircraft trajectories, by representing additionally air quality and noise impacts as additional criteria or dimensions, together with climate impact of aircraft trajectory. We present the mathematical framework for environmental assessment and optimisation of aircraft trajectories. In that context we present ideas on future implementation of such advanced meteorological services into air traffic management and trajectory planning by relying on environmental change functions (ECFs). These ECFs represent environmental impact due to changes in air quality, noise and climate impact. In a case study for Europe prototype ECFs are implemented and a performance assessment of aircraft trajectories is performed for a one-day traffic sample. For a single flight fuel-optimal versus climate-optimized trajectory solution is evaluated using prototypic ECFs and identifying mitigation potential. The ultimate goal of such a concept is to make available a comprehensive assessment framework for environmental performance of aircraft operations, by providing key performance indicators on climate impact, air quality and noise, as well as a tool for environmental optimisation of aircraft trajectories. This framework would allow studying and characterising changes in traffic flows due to environmental optimisation, as well as studying trade-offs between distinct strategic measures.
Sigrun Matthes; Volker Grewe; Katrin Dahlmann; Christine Frömming; Emma Irvine; Ling Lim; Florian Linke; Benjamin Lührs; Bethan Owen; Keith Shine; Stavros Stromatas; Hiroshi Yamashita; Feijia Yin. A Concept for Multi-Criteria Environmental Assessment of Aircraft Trajectories. Aerospace 2017, 4, 42 .
AMA StyleSigrun Matthes, Volker Grewe, Katrin Dahlmann, Christine Frömming, Emma Irvine, Ling Lim, Florian Linke, Benjamin Lührs, Bethan Owen, Keith Shine, Stavros Stromatas, Hiroshi Yamashita, Feijia Yin. A Concept for Multi-Criteria Environmental Assessment of Aircraft Trajectories. Aerospace. 2017; 4 (3):42.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSigrun Matthes; Volker Grewe; Katrin Dahlmann; Christine Frömming; Emma Irvine; Ling Lim; Florian Linke; Benjamin Lührs; Bethan Owen; Keith Shine; Stavros Stromatas; Hiroshi Yamashita; Feijia Yin. 2017. "A Concept for Multi-Criteria Environmental Assessment of Aircraft Trajectories." Aerospace 4, no. 3: 42.
This paper focuses on the off-design performance of a turbofan engine with an interstage turbine burner (ITB). The ITB is an additional combustion chamber located between the high-pressure turbine (HPT) and the low-pressure turbine (LPT). The incorporation of ITB in an engine can provide several advantages, especially due to the reduction in the HPT inlet temperature and the associated NOx emission reduction. The objective is to evaluate the effects of the ITB on the off-design performance of a turbofan engine. The baseline engine is a contemporary classical turbofan. The effects of the ITB are evaluated on two aspects: first, the influences of an ITB on the engine cycle performance; second, the influences of an ITB on the component characteristics. The dual combustors of an ITB engine provide an extra degree-of-freedom for the engine operation. The analysis shows that a conventional engine has to be oversized to satisfy off-design performance requirement, like the flat rating temperature. However, the application of an ITB eases the restrictions imposed by the off-design performance requirements on the engine design, implying that the off-design performance of an ITB engine can be satisfied without sacrificing the fuel efficiency. Eventually, the performance of the ITB engine exhibits superior characteristics over the baseline engine at the studied operating points over a flight mission.
Feijia Yin; Arvind G. Rao. Off-Design Performance of an Interstage Turbine Burner Turbofan Engine. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 2017, 139, 082603 .
AMA StyleFeijia Yin, Arvind G. Rao. Off-Design Performance of an Interstage Turbine Burner Turbofan Engine. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power. 2017; 139 (8):082603.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFeijia Yin; Arvind G. Rao. 2017. "Off-Design Performance of an Interstage Turbine Burner Turbofan Engine." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 139, no. 8: 082603.
Arvind Gangoli Rao; Feijia Yin; Jos P. Van Buijtenen. A hybrid engine concept for multi-fuel blended wing body. Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 2014, 86, 483 -493.
AMA StyleArvind Gangoli Rao, Feijia Yin, Jos P. Van Buijtenen. A hybrid engine concept for multi-fuel blended wing body. Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology. 2014; 86 (6):483-493.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArvind Gangoli Rao; Feijia Yin; Jos P. Van Buijtenen. 2014. "A hybrid engine concept for multi-fuel blended wing body." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 86, no. 6: 483-493.