Devastating fungi are one of the most important biotic factors associated with numerous infectious diseases not only in plants but in animals and humans too. Arthrinium rasikravindrae a devastating fungus is responsible for severe infections in a large number of host plants all over the world. In the present study, we analyzed the whole genome sequence of devastating fungus A. rasikravindrae strain AQZ-20, using Illumina Technology from the Novogene Bio-informatics Co., Ltd. Beijing, China. To identify associated annotation results, various corresponding functional annotations databases were utilized. The genome size was 48.24 MB with an N90 (scaffolds) length of 2,184,859 bp and encoded putative genes were 11,101, respectively. In addition, we evaluated the comparative genomic analyses with 4 fungal strains of Ascomycetes. Two related species showed a strong correlation while others exhibited a weak correlation with the A. rasikravindrae AQZ-20 fungus. This study is a discovery of the genome-scale assembly, as well as annotation for A. rasikravindrae. The results obtained from the whole genome sequencing and genomic resources developed in this study will contribute significantly to genetic improvement applications against diseases caused by A. rasikravindrae. In addition, the phylogenetic tree, followed by genomic RNA, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolic, as well as pathogenic data reported in current research will provide deep insight for further studies in the future.

The feeding potential of Coccinella septempunctata (Linnaeus) on Mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi)and Akk Aphid (Aphis nerii) was studied. The larval feeding potential, larval to pupal stage, mortality, adult emergence, and adult feeding potential were observed. The tests revealed 1^st -4^th instar larvae of Coccinella septempunctata passed through the 4^th instar larvae in all predator hosts. The maximum average feeding rate of the 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd and 4^th instar larvae of Mustard aphid were 5.87 ± 0.96, 9.27 ± 0.34, 12.06 ± 0.32 and 12.07 ± 3.15, respectively, which were similar to those of Akk aphid 3.60 ± 0.19, 7.80 ± 0.30, 9.33 ± 0.53 and 7.06 ± 2.95. The maximum mean durations of the 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd and 4^th instar larvae were 2.55 ± 0.33, 3.01 ± 0.13, 3.59 ± 0.37 and 4.30 ± 0.84 days, respectively. Similarly, the total survival time of larvae of C. septempunctata to Mustard aphid 13.45 ± 1.76 days and Akk aphid 11.23 ± 2.86 days. The pupal duration of Mustard aphid was 4.37 ± 0.49 days and Akk aphid 3.11 ± 0.33 days, respectively. Ladybird larvae collected from various hosts had a natural mortality rate of 2.15 ± 2.51 on Mustard, and Akk was 5.25 ± 2.50%. The male emergence rate was 50.01% and the female emergence rate was 50% on Mustard aphid. Similarly, 41.66% of male and 58.33% of female recorded on Akk. The data further showed that the occurrence rate of female adults was higher than that of male adults. The maximum feeding consumption of male was on Mustard 76.17 ± 3.67, and that of Akk aphid was 76.17 ± 3.67. Female adults survived on Mustard aphid (32 days) and Akk aphid (27 days).

Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum (Chinese Fringe Flower) is widely distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, as well as northern India. It is a popular landscape plant for i...