An improved Ti/Sb–SnO₂ electrode was fabricated by inserting a specific Sb–SnO₂ interlayer between the Ti substrate and the surface Sb–SnO₂ coating. Characterization experiments including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersing spectrum (EDS), accelerated lifetime test, degradation experiment of an azo dye Acid Red G, and cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurement were performed to determine the effect of the interlayer. The results show that the coating on this new electrode is compact and crack-free. The distribution of Sn and Sb elements in the coating exhibits a gradient distribution from the bottom to the top. The high electrochemical oxidation capability of Ti/Sb–SnO₂ did not decrease with the insertion of the interlayer. The improved electrode exhibited much higher electrode stability than the conventional Ti/SnO₂ electrode. In a 0.5 M H₂SO₄ solution, at a current density of 200 mA cm⁻², the accelerated lifetime of the conventional Ti/Sb–SnO₂ was only 0.84 h, which is much lower that of the improved electrode (10.71 h). A possible reason for the electrode stability enhancement is attributed to the change in the electrode deactivation mechanism. In addition, practical service lifetimes were also estimated for the improved Ti/Sb–SnO₂ in different media.

A novel β-PbO ₂ /α-PbO ₂ /Sb–SnO ₂ /TiO ₂ nanotube array electrode was fabricated and investigated for the treatment of Acid Red G (ARG) in aqueous solution.