Researchers highlighted the gap between the circular economy (CE) theory and real manufacturing practices. In developing countries, the background for CE development is quite different from developed countries, where there is an established waste management structure and a robust environmental policy. In addition, a shortage of best practices, guidelines, learning experiences, frameworks, and models capable of guiding manufacturers in measuring their circular level and track a roadmap towards an improvement of their circular readiness is raised in the literature. Therefore, this research develops and proposes a framework for assessing company’s CE readiness and is tailored for companies operating in developing countries. In detail, the framework investigates the two main perspectives (product and business model) that companies should consider adopting and implementing CE in their operations and business. The framework also supports companies to track an improvement roadmap through the definition of future actions and KPIs. To develop the framework, an application case with a company placed in Serbia and operating in the packaging industry has been conducted. The application of the framework unveiled that there is room for improvement in developing countries to foster CE adoption, especially in the policy context. Indeed, policy incentives and instruments of public authorities would considerably support the circular transition process in companies.

Worldwide researches of the crop insurance suggest two key problems: the lack of the insurer's interest for defining supply and on the other side, insufficient interest of farmers - potential insureds. The role of the state is necessary in promoting insurance in agriculture, as well as in financing researches that are not exclusively commercial. Having in mind numerous risks and forms of managing them, starting from the fact that risk management is the basis of economic survival of agricultural production, and the lack of previous research in this area, our research is aimed at identifying key incentive and restrictive factors that determine the demand of individual farmers for crop insurance in Serbia. Different conclusions are made on the base of 12 tested hypotheses related to the problem of promoting the demand for crop insurance. Measures of dependence that were used in this paper are Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and Pearson's contingency coefficient.

Marketing in insurance companies aims to make profits through the creation of satisfied and loyal insureds. Insurance companies should create an offer in order to satisfy the needs of existing and potential insureds, to find the best way to present this offer to potential insurers, as well as the most appropriate way of distributing the offer of insurance coverage. The starting point in this paper is the fact that the marketing approach in insurance is isolated and mostly identified with sales and advertising, rather than a more comprehensive view of the expanded marketing mix known as 7P. Marketing allows insurance companies to adjust the insurance premium, apply adequate distribution and promotion, manage the marketing orientation in the management of claims, and effectively and efficiently manage the relationships with the customers (insureds). Bearing in mind that the application of the modern concept of marketing can enable insurance companies to adapt more effectively to market conditions, the aim of this paper is to point out the importance of marketing orientation in every business activity of insurance companies as preconditions for improving the satisfaction of the insureds.

Evaluation of investment projects is a crucial part of the investment decision-making process. Although dynamic evaluation techniques are precise and theoretically correct, they can still lead to the wrong investment decision. The main goal of this study was to identify the key drivers of investment projects’ profitability from the point of view of the company, municipality and society. Data on 26 investment projects were gathered and analyzed. The results of the principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the net present value, when compared to the internal rate of return and discounted payback period, represents the key indicator of the profitability of investment projects. Also, PCA showed that the total sales and total costs, when compared to the initial investment and discount rate, represent the key factors that affect the profitability of investment projects. Regression analysis (OLS) confirmed these results since the total sales and total costs have the highest and statistically significant effect on the net present value of investment projects.

Prices applied to internal transactions between the business segments or divisions of a company in transactions between related entities within a group (transfer pricing) can have a significant impact on a company’s competitive advantage. Transfer pricing policy influences the profits of operating segments, resource allocation and the need for segment reporting. The two main approaches to transfer pricing are the tax and managerial approaches. The aim of this research was to test whether multidivisional companies operating in Serbia give more importance to the tax or the managerial aspect of transfer pricing policy. Another research aim was to determine whether segment reporting is more developed in companies in Serbia that have the legal obligation to prepare consolidated financial statements. Both research hypotheses were confirmed using the questionnaire method on a final sample of 52 large and medium-sized companies (out of 1912 large and medium-sized companies operating in Serbia). First, our findings show that tax compliance is more dominant in transfer pricing than the managerial perspective in the Serbian companies analyzed. Second, we found that mandatory consolidated financial reporting and related segment reporting can influence the managerial approach to transfer pricing in Serbian multidivisional companies and groups. Other factors (production orientation of companies, developed responsibility accounting and managers’ bonuses, for example) also encourage this approach.