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The COVID-19 pandemic has spread throughout the world, and concerns about psychological, social, and economic consequences are growing rapidly. Individuals’ empathy-based reactions towards others may be an important resilience factor in the face of COVID-19. Self-report data from 15,375 participants across 23 countries were collected from May to August 2020 during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, this study examined different facets of empathy—Perspective-Taking, Empathic Concern, and Personal Distress, and their association with cross-cultural ratings on Individualism, Power Distance, The Human Development Index, Social Support Ranking, and the Infectious Disease Vulnerability Index, as well as the currently confirmed number of cases of COVID-19 at the time of data collection. The highest ratings on Perspective-Taking were obtained for USA, Brazil, Italy, Croatia, and Armenia (from maximum to minimum); on Empathetic Concern, for the USA, Brazil, Hungary, Italy, and Indonesia; and on Personal Distress, from Brazil, Turkey, Italy, Armenia, Indonesia. Results also present associations between demographic factors and empathy across countries. Limitations and future directions are presented.
Marina Butovskaya; Valentina Burkova; Ashley Randall; Silvia Donato; Julija Fedenok; Lauren Hocker; Kai Kline; Khodabakhsh Ahmadi; Ahmad Alghraibeh; Fathil Allami; Fadime Alpaslan; Mohammad Al-Zu’Bi; Derya Biçer; Hakan Cetinkaya; Oana David; Seda Dural; Paige Erickson; Alexey Ermakov; Berna Ertuğrul; Emmanuel Fayankinnu; MaryAnne Fisher; Ivana Hromatko; Elena Kasparova; Alexander Kavina; Hareesol Khun-Inkeeree; Fırat Koç; Vladimir Kolodkin; Melanie MacEacheron; Irma Maruf; Norbert Meskó; Ruzan Mkrtchyan; Poppy Nurisnaeny; Oluyinka Ojedokun; Damilola Adebayo; Mohd Omar-Fauzee; Barış Özener; Edna Ponciano; Igor Popov; Muhammad Rizwan; Agnieszka Sabiniewicz; Victoriya Spodina; Stanislava Stoyanova; Nachiketa Tripathi; Satwik Upadhyay; Carol Weisfeld; Mohd Yaakob; Mat Yusof; Raushaniia Zinurova. Cross-Cultural Perspectives on the Role of Empathy during COVID-19’s First Wave. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7431 .
AMA StyleMarina Butovskaya, Valentina Burkova, Ashley Randall, Silvia Donato, Julija Fedenok, Lauren Hocker, Kai Kline, Khodabakhsh Ahmadi, Ahmad Alghraibeh, Fathil Allami, Fadime Alpaslan, Mohammad Al-Zu’Bi, Derya Biçer, Hakan Cetinkaya, Oana David, Seda Dural, Paige Erickson, Alexey Ermakov, Berna Ertuğrul, Emmanuel Fayankinnu, MaryAnne Fisher, Ivana Hromatko, Elena Kasparova, Alexander Kavina, Hareesol Khun-Inkeeree, Fırat Koç, Vladimir Kolodkin, Melanie MacEacheron, Irma Maruf, Norbert Meskó, Ruzan Mkrtchyan, Poppy Nurisnaeny, Oluyinka Ojedokun, Damilola Adebayo, Mohd Omar-Fauzee, Barış Özener, Edna Ponciano, Igor Popov, Muhammad Rizwan, Agnieszka Sabiniewicz, Victoriya Spodina, Stanislava Stoyanova, Nachiketa Tripathi, Satwik Upadhyay, Carol Weisfeld, Mohd Yaakob, Mat Yusof, Raushaniia Zinurova. Cross-Cultural Perspectives on the Role of Empathy during COVID-19’s First Wave. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (13):7431.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarina Butovskaya; Valentina Burkova; Ashley Randall; Silvia Donato; Julija Fedenok; Lauren Hocker; Kai Kline; Khodabakhsh Ahmadi; Ahmad Alghraibeh; Fathil Allami; Fadime Alpaslan; Mohammad Al-Zu’Bi; Derya Biçer; Hakan Cetinkaya; Oana David; Seda Dural; Paige Erickson; Alexey Ermakov; Berna Ertuğrul; Emmanuel Fayankinnu; MaryAnne Fisher; Ivana Hromatko; Elena Kasparova; Alexander Kavina; Hareesol Khun-Inkeeree; Fırat Koç; Vladimir Kolodkin; Melanie MacEacheron; Irma Maruf; Norbert Meskó; Ruzan Mkrtchyan; Poppy Nurisnaeny; Oluyinka Ojedokun; Damilola Adebayo; Mohd Omar-Fauzee; Barış Özener; Edna Ponciano; Igor Popov; Muhammad Rizwan; Agnieszka Sabiniewicz; Victoriya Spodina; Stanislava Stoyanova; Nachiketa Tripathi; Satwik Upadhyay; Carol Weisfeld; Mohd Yaakob; Mat Yusof; Raushaniia Zinurova. 2021. "Cross-Cultural Perspectives on the Role of Empathy during COVID-19’s First Wave." Sustainability 13, no. 13: 7431.
Testing individual motivations for social activity in violation of the mandated lockdown regime is a challenging research topic for evolutionary psychology. To this purpose, we analyzed twenty popular weekly routes and the potential impact of sex and relationship status (single versus coupled) on the reported level of spatial-social activity during the quarantine in Russia between March and June 2020 (N = 492). Our study revealed a significant difference between men’s and women’s mobility: men, in general, tend to exhibit substantially higher spatial activity. The results have shown that individuals living on their own have more social interactions with friends and exhibit more profound spatial mobility via public transport. On the other hand, spatial activity of coupled individuals of both sexes were mostly devoted to solving a list of economic and matrimonial tasks. At the same time, men already cohabiting with a partner leave their homes for dating purposes more frequently than single men and women. We interpret these findings in the sense that both individual and sex-specific differences in observed sociality could be a result of a fine-tuned adaptive populational response to a contemporary virus threat, predominantly rooted in the evolution of behavioral strategies in the reproductive and economic spheres of each sex. Indeed, unlike women, coupled men have been preserving highly risky and intense social behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Olga Semenova; Julia Apalkova; Marina Butovskaya. Spatial and Social Behavior of Single and Coupled Individuals of Both Sexes during COVID-19 Lockdown Regime in Russia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 4283 .
AMA StyleOlga Semenova, Julia Apalkova, Marina Butovskaya. Spatial and Social Behavior of Single and Coupled Individuals of Both Sexes during COVID-19 Lockdown Regime in Russia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (8):4283.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOlga Semenova; Julia Apalkova; Marina Butovskaya. 2021. "Spatial and Social Behavior of Single and Coupled Individuals of Both Sexes during COVID-19 Lockdown Regime in Russia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 8: 4283.
Prior and ongoing COVID-19 pandemic restrictions have resulted in substantial changes to everyday life. The pandemic and measures of its control affect mental health negatively. Self-reported data from 15,375 participants from 23 countries were collected from May to August 2020 during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. Two questionnaires measuring anxiety level were used in this study—the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), and the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI). The associations between a set of social indicators on anxiety during COVID-19 (e.g., sex, age, country, live alone) were tested as well. Self-reported anxiety during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic varied across countries, with the maximum levels reported for Brazil, Canada, Italy, Iraq and the USA. Sex differences of anxiety levels during COVID-19 were also examined, and results showed women reported higher levels of anxiety compared to men. Overall, our results demonstrated that the self-reported symptoms of anxiety were higher compared to those reported in general before pandemic. We conclude that such cultural dimensions as individualism/collectivism, power distance and looseness/tightness may function as protective adaptive mechanisms against the development of anxiety disorders in a pandemic situation.
Valentina Burkova; Marina Butovskaya; Ashley Randall; Julija Fedenok; Khodabakhsh Ahmadi; Ahmad Alghraibeh; Fathil Allami; Fadime Alpaslan; Mohammad Al-Zu’Bi; Derya Biçer; Hakan Cetinkaya; Oana David; Silvia Donato; Seda Dural; Paige Erickson; Alexey Ermakov; Berna Ertuğrul; Emmanuel Fayankinnu; MaryAnne Fisher; Lauren Hocker; Ivana Hromatko; Elena Kasparova; Alexander Kavina; Yahya Khatatbeh; Hareesol Khun-Inkeeree; Kai Kline; Fırat Koç; Vladimir Kolodkin; Melanie MacEacheron; Irma Maruf; Norbert Meskó; Ruzan Mkrtchyan; Poppy Nurisnaeny; Oluyinka Ojedokun; Damilola Adebayo; Mohd Omar-Fauzee; Barış Özener; Edna Ponciano; Muhammad Rizwan; Agnieszka Sabiniewicz; Victoriya Spodina; Stanislava Stoyanova; Nachiketa Tripathi; Satwik Upadhyay; Carol Weisfeld; Mohd Yaakob; Mat Yusof; Raushaniia Zinurova. Predictors of Anxiety in the COVID-19 Pandemic from a Global Perspective: Data from 23 Countries. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4017 .
AMA StyleValentina Burkova, Marina Butovskaya, Ashley Randall, Julija Fedenok, Khodabakhsh Ahmadi, Ahmad Alghraibeh, Fathil Allami, Fadime Alpaslan, Mohammad Al-Zu’Bi, Derya Biçer, Hakan Cetinkaya, Oana David, Silvia Donato, Seda Dural, Paige Erickson, Alexey Ermakov, Berna Ertuğrul, Emmanuel Fayankinnu, MaryAnne Fisher, Lauren Hocker, Ivana Hromatko, Elena Kasparova, Alexander Kavina, Yahya Khatatbeh, Hareesol Khun-Inkeeree, Kai Kline, Fırat Koç, Vladimir Kolodkin, Melanie MacEacheron, Irma Maruf, Norbert Meskó, Ruzan Mkrtchyan, Poppy Nurisnaeny, Oluyinka Ojedokun, Damilola Adebayo, Mohd Omar-Fauzee, Barış Özener, Edna Ponciano, Muhammad Rizwan, Agnieszka Sabiniewicz, Victoriya Spodina, Stanislava Stoyanova, Nachiketa Tripathi, Satwik Upadhyay, Carol Weisfeld, Mohd Yaakob, Mat Yusof, Raushaniia Zinurova. Predictors of Anxiety in the COVID-19 Pandemic from a Global Perspective: Data from 23 Countries. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (7):4017.
Chicago/Turabian StyleValentina Burkova; Marina Butovskaya; Ashley Randall; Julija Fedenok; Khodabakhsh Ahmadi; Ahmad Alghraibeh; Fathil Allami; Fadime Alpaslan; Mohammad Al-Zu’Bi; Derya Biçer; Hakan Cetinkaya; Oana David; Silvia Donato; Seda Dural; Paige Erickson; Alexey Ermakov; Berna Ertuğrul; Emmanuel Fayankinnu; MaryAnne Fisher; Lauren Hocker; Ivana Hromatko; Elena Kasparova; Alexander Kavina; Yahya Khatatbeh; Hareesol Khun-Inkeeree; Kai Kline; Fırat Koç; Vladimir Kolodkin; Melanie MacEacheron; Irma Maruf; Norbert Meskó; Ruzan Mkrtchyan; Poppy Nurisnaeny; Oluyinka Ojedokun; Damilola Adebayo; Mohd Omar-Fauzee; Barış Özener; Edna Ponciano; Muhammad Rizwan; Agnieszka Sabiniewicz; Victoriya Spodina; Stanislava Stoyanova; Nachiketa Tripathi; Satwik Upadhyay; Carol Weisfeld; Mohd Yaakob; Mat Yusof; Raushaniia Zinurova. 2021. "Predictors of Anxiety in the COVID-19 Pandemic from a Global Perspective: Data from 23 Countries." Sustainability 13, no. 7: 4017.
Despite the enforced lockdown regime in late March 2019 in Russia, the phenomenon of the continued virus spreading highlighted the importance of studies investigating the range of biosocial attributes and spectrum of individual motivations underlying the permanent presence of the substantial level of spatial activity. For this matter, we conducted a set of surveys between March and June 2020 (N = 492). We found that an individual’s health attitude is the most consistent factor explaining mobility differences. However, our data suggested that wariness largely determines adequate health attitudes; hence, a higher level of wariness indirectly reduced individual mobility. Comparative analysis revealed the critical biosocial differences between the two sexes, potentially rooted in the human evolutionary past. Females were predisposed to express more wariness in the face of new environmental risks; therefore, they minimize their mobility and outdoor contacts. In contrast to them, the general level of spatial activity reported by males was significantly higher. Wariness in the males’ sample was less associated with the novel virus threat, but to a great extent, it was predicted by the potential economic losses variable. These findings correspond to the evolutionary predictions of sexual specialization and the division of family roles.
Olga Semenova; Julia Apalkova; Marina Butovskaya. Sex Differences in Spatial Activity and Anxiety Levels in the COVID-19 Pandemic from Evolutionary Perspective. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1110 .
AMA StyleOlga Semenova, Julia Apalkova, Marina Butovskaya. Sex Differences in Spatial Activity and Anxiety Levels in the COVID-19 Pandemic from Evolutionary Perspective. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1110.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOlga Semenova; Julia Apalkova; Marina Butovskaya. 2021. "Sex Differences in Spatial Activity and Anxiety Levels in the COVID-19 Pandemic from Evolutionary Perspective." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1110.
The aim of the present experimental study was to investigate possible associations between indi - vidual cooperativeness and facial morphology. Participants of the study were Buryats of Southern Si - beria (males: N=98; females: N=89; mean age 20 ± 2y.). Individual cooperativeness was assessed in experimental economic game “Public Goods Game”, which was conducted “face-to-face”, in groups of 4 same-sex individuals, who were strangers to each other. The game involved real monetary pay-offs. In the course of the experiment such individual behavioral features as propensity for unconditional/conditional cooperation, selfishness, or free-riding were revealed. Facial shapes of participants were explored through anthropological photographs using geometric morphometrics, and via assessing standard facial indexes. As a result the relationship between facial shape and unconditional cooperation was identified and visualized. This relationship appeared only among males. The analysis of sex-specific facial traits of Buryats revealed that faces of male unconditional cooperators combined both male-specific, and female-specific facial features. This is the first study to investigate association between full facial shape and human cooperativeness.
V.V. Rostovtseva; A.A. Mezentseva; S. Windhager; M.L. Butovskaya. Altruistic Face: Experimental Study on Facial Morphology and Prosociality in Buryats of Southern Siberia. Experimental Psychology (Russia) 2021, 14, 85 -100.
AMA StyleV.V. Rostovtseva, A.A. Mezentseva, S. Windhager, M.L. Butovskaya. Altruistic Face: Experimental Study on Facial Morphology and Prosociality in Buryats of Southern Siberia. Experimental Psychology (Russia). 2021; 14 (2):85-100.
Chicago/Turabian StyleV.V. Rostovtseva; A.A. Mezentseva; S. Windhager; M.L. Butovskaya. 2021. "Altruistic Face: Experimental Study on Facial Morphology and Prosociality in Buryats of Southern Siberia." Experimental Psychology (Russia) 14, no. 2: 85-100.
Marina Butovskaya; Valentina Burkova; Vasiliy Vasilyev; Evgeniya Sukhodolskaya; Daniya Yurgenson; Dmitriy Shibalev; Dmitriy Karelin; Daria Dronova; Audax Mabulla; Oleg Lazebny. Fertility and infant survival in men and women from rural regions of Northern Tanzania: gene candidates and sex-specific genetic associations. 2020, 98, 1 .
AMA StyleMarina Butovskaya, Valentina Burkova, Vasiliy Vasilyev, Evgeniya Sukhodolskaya, Daniya Yurgenson, Dmitriy Shibalev, Dmitriy Karelin, Daria Dronova, Audax Mabulla, Oleg Lazebny. Fertility and infant survival in men and women from rural regions of Northern Tanzania: gene candidates and sex-specific genetic associations. . 2020; 98 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarina Butovskaya; Valentina Burkova; Vasiliy Vasilyev; Evgeniya Sukhodolskaya; Daniya Yurgenson; Dmitriy Shibalev; Dmitriy Karelin; Daria Dronova; Audax Mabulla; Oleg Lazebny. 2020. "Fertility and infant survival in men and women from rural regions of Northern Tanzania: gene candidates and sex-specific genetic associations." 98, no. : 1.
Across the world, millions of couples get married each year. One of the strongest predictors of whether partners will remain in their relationship is their reported satisfaction. Marital satisfaction is commonly found to be a key predictor of both individual and relational well-being. Despite its importance in predicting relationship longevity, there are relatively few empirical research studies examining predictors of marital satisfaction outside of a Western context. To address this gap in the literature and complete the existing knowledge about global predictors of marital satisfaction, we used an open-access database of self-reported assessments of self-reported marital satisfaction with data from 7178 participants representing 33 different countries. The results showed that sex, age, religiosity, economic status, education, and cultural values were related, to various extents, to marital satisfaction across cultures. However, marriage duration, number of children, and gross domestic product (GDP) were not found to be predictors of marital satisfaction for countries represented in this sample. While 96% of the variance of marital satisfaction was attributed to individual factors, only 4% was associated with countries. Together, the results show that individual differences have a larger influence on marital satisfaction compared to the country of origin. Findings are discussed in terms of the advantages of conducting studies on large cross-cultural samples.
Małgorzata Dobrowolska; Agata Groyecka-Bernard; Piotr Sorokowski; Ashley K. Randall; Peter Hilpert; Khodabakhsh Ahmadi; Ahmad M. Alghraibeh; Richmond Aryeetey; Anna Bertoni; Karim Bettache; Marta Błażejewska; Guy Bodenmann; Tiago S. Bortolini; Carla Bosc; Marina Butovskaya; Felipe N. Castro; Hakan Cetinkaya; Diana Cunha; Daniel David; Oana Alexandra David; Fahd A. Dileym; Alejandra C. Domínguez Espinosa; Silvia Donato; Daria Dronova; Seda Dural; MaryAnne Fisher; Tomasz Frackowiak; Aslıhan Hamamcıoğlu Akkaya; Takeshi Hamamura; Karolina Hansen; Wallisen Tadashi Hattori; Ivana Hromatko; Evrim Gulbetekin; Raffaella Iafrate; Bawo James; Feng Jiang; Charles O. Kimamo; Fırat Koç; Anna Krasnodębska; Fívia A. Lopes; Rocio Martinez; Norbert Meskó; Natalya Molodovskaya; Khadijeh Moradi Qezeli; Zahrasadat Motahari; Jean Carlos Natividade; Joseph Ntayi; Oluyinka Ojedokun; Mohd S. B. Omar-Fauzee; Ike E. Onyishi; Barış Özener; Anna Paluszak; Alda Portugal; Anu Realo; Ana Paula Relvas; Muhammad Rizwan; Agnieszka Sabiniewicz; Svjetlana Salkičević; Ivan Sarmány-Schuller; Eftychia Stamkou; Stanislava Stoyanova; Denisa Šukolová; Nina Sutresna; Meri Tadinac; Andero Teras; Edna Lúcia Tinoco Ponciano; Ritu Tripathi; Nachiketa Tripathi; Mamta Tripathi; Maria E. Yamamoto; Gyesook Yoo; Agnieszka Sorokowska. Global Perspective on Marital Satisfaction. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8817 .
AMA StyleMałgorzata Dobrowolska, Agata Groyecka-Bernard, Piotr Sorokowski, Ashley K. Randall, Peter Hilpert, Khodabakhsh Ahmadi, Ahmad M. Alghraibeh, Richmond Aryeetey, Anna Bertoni, Karim Bettache, Marta Błażejewska, Guy Bodenmann, Tiago S. Bortolini, Carla Bosc, Marina Butovskaya, Felipe N. Castro, Hakan Cetinkaya, Diana Cunha, Daniel David, Oana Alexandra David, Fahd A. Dileym, Alejandra C. Domínguez Espinosa, Silvia Donato, Daria Dronova, Seda Dural, MaryAnne Fisher, Tomasz Frackowiak, Aslıhan Hamamcıoğlu Akkaya, Takeshi Hamamura, Karolina Hansen, Wallisen Tadashi Hattori, Ivana Hromatko, Evrim Gulbetekin, Raffaella Iafrate, Bawo James, Feng Jiang, Charles O. Kimamo, Fırat Koç, Anna Krasnodębska, Fívia A. Lopes, Rocio Martinez, Norbert Meskó, Natalya Molodovskaya, Khadijeh Moradi Qezeli, Zahrasadat Motahari, Jean Carlos Natividade, Joseph Ntayi, Oluyinka Ojedokun, Mohd S. B. Omar-Fauzee, Ike E. Onyishi, Barış Özener, Anna Paluszak, Alda Portugal, Anu Realo, Ana Paula Relvas, Muhammad Rizwan, Agnieszka Sabiniewicz, Svjetlana Salkičević, Ivan Sarmány-Schuller, Eftychia Stamkou, Stanislava Stoyanova, Denisa Šukolová, Nina Sutresna, Meri Tadinac, Andero Teras, Edna Lúcia Tinoco Ponciano, Ritu Tripathi, Nachiketa Tripathi, Mamta Tripathi, Maria E. Yamamoto, Gyesook Yoo, Agnieszka Sorokowska. Global Perspective on Marital Satisfaction. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (21):8817.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMałgorzata Dobrowolska; Agata Groyecka-Bernard; Piotr Sorokowski; Ashley K. Randall; Peter Hilpert; Khodabakhsh Ahmadi; Ahmad M. Alghraibeh; Richmond Aryeetey; Anna Bertoni; Karim Bettache; Marta Błażejewska; Guy Bodenmann; Tiago S. Bortolini; Carla Bosc; Marina Butovskaya; Felipe N. Castro; Hakan Cetinkaya; Diana Cunha; Daniel David; Oana Alexandra David; Fahd A. Dileym; Alejandra C. Domínguez Espinosa; Silvia Donato; Daria Dronova; Seda Dural; MaryAnne Fisher; Tomasz Frackowiak; Aslıhan Hamamcıoğlu Akkaya; Takeshi Hamamura; Karolina Hansen; Wallisen Tadashi Hattori; Ivana Hromatko; Evrim Gulbetekin; Raffaella Iafrate; Bawo James; Feng Jiang; Charles O. Kimamo; Fırat Koç; Anna Krasnodębska; Fívia A. Lopes; Rocio Martinez; Norbert Meskó; Natalya Molodovskaya; Khadijeh Moradi Qezeli; Zahrasadat Motahari; Jean Carlos Natividade; Joseph Ntayi; Oluyinka Ojedokun; Mohd S. B. Omar-Fauzee; Ike E. Onyishi; Barış Özener; Anna Paluszak; Alda Portugal; Anu Realo; Ana Paula Relvas; Muhammad Rizwan; Agnieszka Sabiniewicz; Svjetlana Salkičević; Ivan Sarmány-Schuller; Eftychia Stamkou; Stanislava Stoyanova; Denisa Šukolová; Nina Sutresna; Meri Tadinac; Andero Teras; Edna Lúcia Tinoco Ponciano; Ritu Tripathi; Nachiketa Tripathi; Mamta Tripathi; Maria E. Yamamoto; Gyesook Yoo; Agnieszka Sorokowska. 2020. "Global Perspective on Marital Satisfaction." Sustainability 12, no. 21: 8817.
Despite relatively clear physiological indicators of old age, little is known about cross-cultural differences in psychological perceptions of the transition to old age. Although recent studies suggest consistency between modern countries, the subjective perception of old age onset in traditional societies remains poorly explored. Therefore, we compared the perception of timing of old age between a traditional tribe of hunter-gatherers (the Hadza) and a Polish sample representing a modern, industrialized population. The results indicate that the Hadza perceive old age onset as being significantly earlier than do the Poles. Furthermore, we found between-gender differences in the Polish sample: men set a lower threshold of old age onset than women. The Hadza showed no between-gender difference. Although the samples were matched for age, a larger proportion of Hadza considered themselves old. We discuss these findings from cultural and demographical perspectives.
Tomasz Frąckowiak; Agata Groyecka-Bernard; Anna Oleszkiewicz; Marina Butovskaya; Agnieszka Żelaźniewicz; Piotr Sorokowski. Difference in Perception of Onset of Old Age in Traditional (Hadza) and Modern (Polish) Societies. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 7079 .
AMA StyleTomasz Frąckowiak, Agata Groyecka-Bernard, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Marina Butovskaya, Agnieszka Żelaźniewicz, Piotr Sorokowski. Difference in Perception of Onset of Old Age in Traditional (Hadza) and Modern (Polish) Societies. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (19):7079.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomasz Frąckowiak; Agata Groyecka-Bernard; Anna Oleszkiewicz; Marina Butovskaya; Agnieszka Żelaźniewicz; Piotr Sorokowski. 2020. "Difference in Perception of Onset of Old Age in Traditional (Hadza) and Modern (Polish) Societies." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 19: 7079.
The specific role of the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene polymorphisms in emotional support seeking, related to social norms and culturally normative behavior, has been discussed in several studies. Evidence on the association between aggression and OXTR polymorphisms has also been reported. The goal of the current study was to analyze the effect of the OXTR rs53576 polymorphism, prenatal testosterone effect (second-to-fourth digit ratio, or 2D:4D), and culture on aggression assessed with the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ). The data were collected in Russia and Tanzania and included seven ethnic groups of European, Asian, and African origin. The total sample included 1705 adults (837 males, 868 females). All the subjects were evaluated with the BPAQ. As a measure of prenatal androgenization, the second and fourth digits were measured directly from hand, and the digit ratios were calculated. All the participants provided buccal samples, from which genomic DNA was extracted, and the OXTR gene rs53576 polymorphism was genotyped. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0; the alpha level for all analyses was set at 0.05. The ethnic group factor was the most significant predictor of ratings on BPAQ (medium effect size for physical aggression, anger and hostility scales, and low for verbal aggression). To study the effect of sex, the OXTR polymorphism, and prenatal androgenization, we conducted the z-score transformation for BPAQ scales and 2D:4D for each ethnic group and pooled these data into new z-score variables. According to the GLM analysis after leveling the effects of culture (z-transformation), all four scales of BPAQ demonstrated association with sex (main effects), with men scoring higher on physical and verbal aggression and women scoring higher on anger and hostility. Anger and hostility scales were also associated with OXTR polymorphism and 2D:4D of the right hand. The lowest levels of anger and hostility were observed in individuals with the AA genotype, especially in men. Our data suggest that both oxytocin (OXTR gene polymorphism) and fetal testosterone (2D:4D) may significantly affect emotional (anger) and cognitive (hostility) aggression in humans, given the leveling the role of culture.
Marina Butovskaya; Victoria Rostovtseva; Polina Butovskaya; Valentina Burkova; Daria Dronova; Vasilisa Filatova; Eugenia Sukhodolskaya; Vasiliy Vasiliev; Tania Mesa; Araceli Rosa; Oleg Lazebny. Oxytocin receptor gene polymorphism (rs53576) and digit ratio associates with aggression: comparison in seven ethnic groups. Journal of Physiological Anthropology 2020, 39, 1 -15.
AMA StyleMarina Butovskaya, Victoria Rostovtseva, Polina Butovskaya, Valentina Burkova, Daria Dronova, Vasilisa Filatova, Eugenia Sukhodolskaya, Vasiliy Vasiliev, Tania Mesa, Araceli Rosa, Oleg Lazebny. Oxytocin receptor gene polymorphism (rs53576) and digit ratio associates with aggression: comparison in seven ethnic groups. Journal of Physiological Anthropology. 2020; 39 (1):1-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarina Butovskaya; Victoria Rostovtseva; Polina Butovskaya; Valentina Burkova; Daria Dronova; Vasilisa Filatova; Eugenia Sukhodolskaya; Vasiliy Vasiliev; Tania Mesa; Araceli Rosa; Oleg Lazebny. 2020. "Oxytocin receptor gene polymorphism (rs53576) and digit ratio associates with aggression: comparison in seven ethnic groups." Journal of Physiological Anthropology 39, no. 1: 1-15.
The Triangular Theory of Love (measured with Sternberg’s Triangular Love Scale – STLS) is a prominent theoretical concept in empirical research on love. To expand the culturally homogeneous body of previous psychometric research regarding the STLS, we conducted a large-scale cross-cultural study with the use of this scale. In total, we examined more than 11,000 respondents, but as a result of applied exclusion criteria, the final analyses were based on a sample of 7332 participants from 25 countries (from all inhabited continents). We tested configural invariance, metric invariance, and scalar invariance, all of which confirmed the cultural universality of the theoretical construct of love analyzed in our study. We also observed that levels of love components differ depending on relationship duration, following the dynamics suggested in the Triangular Theory of Love. Supplementary files with all our data, including results on love intensity across different countries along with STLS versions adapted in a few dozen languages, will further enable more extensive research on the Triangular Theory of Love.
Piotr Sorokowski; Agnieszka Sorokowska; Maciej Karwowski; Agata Groyecka; Toivo Aavik; Grace Akello; Charlotte Alm; Naumana Amjad; Afifa Anjum; Kelly Asao; Chiemezie S. Atama; Derya Atamtürk Duyar; Richard Ayebare; Carlota Batres; Mons Bendixen; Aicha Bensafia; Boris Bizumic; Mahmoud Boussena; David M. Buss; Marina Butovskaya; Seda Can; Katarzyna Cantarero; Antonin Carrier; Hakan Çetinkaya; Dominika Chabin; Daniel Conroy-Beam; Ilona Croy; Rosa María Cueto; Marcin Czub; Daria Dronova; Seda Dural; Izzet Duyar; Berna Ertugrul; Agustín Espinosa; Ignacio Estevan; Carla Sofia Esteves; Tomasz Frackowiak; Jorge Contreras Graduño; Farida Guemaz; Tran Ha Thu; Mária Haľamová; Iskra Herak; Marina Horvat; Ivana Hromatko; Chin-Ming Hui; Jas Laile Jaafar; Feng Jiang; Konstantinos Kafetsios; Tina Kavcic; Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair; Nicolas Kervyn; Nils C. Köbis; Aleksandra Kostic; Anna Krasnodębska; András Láng; Georgina R. Lennard; Ernesto León; Torun Lindholm; Gulia Lopez; Mohammad Madallh Alhabahba; Alvaro Mailhos; Zoi Manesi; Rocio Martinez; Mario Sainz Martinez; Sarah L. McKerchar; Norbert Meskó; Girishwar Misra; Conal Monaghan; Emanuel C. Mora; Alba Moya-Garófano; Bojan Musil; Jean Carlos Natividade; George Nizharadze; Elisabeth Oberzaucher; Anna Oleszkiewicz; Mohd Sofian Omar Fauzee; Ike E. Onyishi; Baris Özener; Ariela Francesca Pagani; Vilmante Pakalniskiene; Miriam Parise; Bogusław Pawłowski; Farid Pazhoohi; Marija Pejičić; Annette Pisanski; Katarzyna Pisanski; Nejc Plohl; Edna Ponciano; Camelia Popa; Pavol Prokop; Aneta Przepiórka; Truong Quang Lam; Muhammad Rizwan; Joanna Różycka-Tran; Svjetlana Salkičević; Ruta Sargautyte; Ivan Sarmany-Schuller; Susanne Schmehl; Anam Shahid; Rizwana Shaikh; Shivantika Sharad; Franco Simonetti; Meri Tadinac; Truong Thi Khanh Ha; Karina Ugalde González; Christin-Melanie Vauclair; Luis Diego Vega; Dwi Ajeng Widarini; Bogdan Wojciszke; Gyesook Yoo; Zainab Fotowwat Zadeh; Marta Zaťková; Maja Zupančič; Robert J. Sternberg. Universality of the Triangular Theory of Love: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Triangular Love Scale in 25 Countries. The Journal of Sex Research 2020, 58, 106 -115.
AMA StylePiotr Sorokowski, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Maciej Karwowski, Agata Groyecka, Toivo Aavik, Grace Akello, Charlotte Alm, Naumana Amjad, Afifa Anjum, Kelly Asao, Chiemezie S. Atama, Derya Atamtürk Duyar, Richard Ayebare, Carlota Batres, Mons Bendixen, Aicha Bensafia, Boris Bizumic, Mahmoud Boussena, David M. Buss, Marina Butovskaya, Seda Can, Katarzyna Cantarero, Antonin Carrier, Hakan Çetinkaya, Dominika Chabin, Daniel Conroy-Beam, Ilona Croy, Rosa María Cueto, Marcin Czub, Daria Dronova, Seda Dural, Izzet Duyar, Berna Ertugrul, Agustín Espinosa, Ignacio Estevan, Carla Sofia Esteves, Tomasz Frackowiak, Jorge Contreras Graduño, Farida Guemaz, Tran Ha Thu, Mária Haľamová, Iskra Herak, Marina Horvat, Ivana Hromatko, Chin-Ming Hui, Jas Laile Jaafar, Feng Jiang, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Tina Kavcic, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair, Nicolas Kervyn, Nils C. Köbis, Aleksandra Kostic, Anna Krasnodębska, András Láng, Georgina R. Lennard, Ernesto León, Torun Lindholm, Gulia Lopez, Mohammad Madallh Alhabahba, Alvaro Mailhos, Zoi Manesi, Rocio Martinez, Mario Sainz Martinez, Sarah L. McKerchar, Norbert Meskó, Girishwar Misra, Conal Monaghan, Emanuel C. Mora, Alba Moya-Garófano, Bojan Musil, Jean Carlos Natividade, George Nizharadze, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Mohd Sofian Omar Fauzee, Ike E. Onyishi, Baris Özener, Ariela Francesca Pagani, Vilmante Pakalniskiene, Miriam Parise, Bogusław Pawłowski, Farid Pazhoohi, Marija Pejičić, Annette Pisanski, Katarzyna Pisanski, Nejc Plohl, Edna Ponciano, Camelia Popa, Pavol Prokop, Aneta Przepiórka, Truong Quang Lam, Muhammad Rizwan, Joanna Różycka-Tran, Svjetlana Salkičević, Ruta Sargautyte, Ivan Sarmany-Schuller, Susanne Schmehl, Anam Shahid, Rizwana Shaikh, Shivantika Sharad, Franco Simonetti, Meri Tadinac, Truong Thi Khanh Ha, Karina Ugalde González, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Luis Diego Vega, Dwi Ajeng Widarini, Bogdan Wojciszke, Gyesook Yoo, Zainab Fotowwat Zadeh, Marta Zaťková, Maja Zupančič, Robert J. Sternberg. Universality of the Triangular Theory of Love: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Triangular Love Scale in 25 Countries. The Journal of Sex Research. 2020; 58 (1):106-115.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiotr Sorokowski; Agnieszka Sorokowska; Maciej Karwowski; Agata Groyecka; Toivo Aavik; Grace Akello; Charlotte Alm; Naumana Amjad; Afifa Anjum; Kelly Asao; Chiemezie S. Atama; Derya Atamtürk Duyar; Richard Ayebare; Carlota Batres; Mons Bendixen; Aicha Bensafia; Boris Bizumic; Mahmoud Boussena; David M. Buss; Marina Butovskaya; Seda Can; Katarzyna Cantarero; Antonin Carrier; Hakan Çetinkaya; Dominika Chabin; Daniel Conroy-Beam; Ilona Croy; Rosa María Cueto; Marcin Czub; Daria Dronova; Seda Dural; Izzet Duyar; Berna Ertugrul; Agustín Espinosa; Ignacio Estevan; Carla Sofia Esteves; Tomasz Frackowiak; Jorge Contreras Graduño; Farida Guemaz; Tran Ha Thu; Mária Haľamová; Iskra Herak; Marina Horvat; Ivana Hromatko; Chin-Ming Hui; Jas Laile Jaafar; Feng Jiang; Konstantinos Kafetsios; Tina Kavcic; Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair; Nicolas Kervyn; Nils C. Köbis; Aleksandra Kostic; Anna Krasnodębska; András Láng; Georgina R. Lennard; Ernesto León; Torun Lindholm; Gulia Lopez; Mohammad Madallh Alhabahba; Alvaro Mailhos; Zoi Manesi; Rocio Martinez; Mario Sainz Martinez; Sarah L. McKerchar; Norbert Meskó; Girishwar Misra; Conal Monaghan; Emanuel C. Mora; Alba Moya-Garófano; Bojan Musil; Jean Carlos Natividade; George Nizharadze; Elisabeth Oberzaucher; Anna Oleszkiewicz; Mohd Sofian Omar Fauzee; Ike E. Onyishi; Baris Özener; Ariela Francesca Pagani; Vilmante Pakalniskiene; Miriam Parise; Bogusław Pawłowski; Farid Pazhoohi; Marija Pejičić; Annette Pisanski; Katarzyna Pisanski; Nejc Plohl; Edna Ponciano; Camelia Popa; Pavol Prokop; Aneta Przepiórka; Truong Quang Lam; Muhammad Rizwan; Joanna Różycka-Tran; Svjetlana Salkičević; Ruta Sargautyte; Ivan Sarmany-Schuller; Susanne Schmehl; Anam Shahid; Rizwana Shaikh; Shivantika Sharad; Franco Simonetti; Meri Tadinac; Truong Thi Khanh Ha; Karina Ugalde González; Christin-Melanie Vauclair; Luis Diego Vega; Dwi Ajeng Widarini; Bogdan Wojciszke; Gyesook Yoo; Zainab Fotowwat Zadeh; Marta Zaťková; Maja Zupančič; Robert J. Sternberg. 2020. "Universality of the Triangular Theory of Love: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Triangular Love Scale in 25 Countries." The Journal of Sex Research 58, no. 1: 106-115.
Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin
Marina L. Butovskaya; Yulia I. Apalkova; Julia N. Fedenok. Empathy and cooperation as components of “warrior” morphopsychology in human: comparative analysis of military and control groups. Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia) 2020, 58 -71.
AMA StyleMarina L. Butovskaya, Yulia I. Apalkova, Julia N. Fedenok. Empathy and cooperation as components of “warrior” morphopsychology in human: comparative analysis of military and control groups. Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia). 2020; (1):58-71.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarina L. Butovskaya; Yulia I. Apalkova; Julia N. Fedenok. 2020. "Empathy and cooperation as components of “warrior” morphopsychology in human: comparative analysis of military and control groups." Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia) , no. 1: 58-71.
Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin
Olga V. Semenova; Marina L. Butovskaya. Urbanization and the growth of the intensity of sexual selection among males in modern Russia. Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia) 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleOlga V. Semenova, Marina L. Butovskaya. Urbanization and the growth of the intensity of sexual selection among males in modern Russia. Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia). 2020; (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOlga V. Semenova; Marina L. Butovskaya. 2020. "Urbanization and the growth of the intensity of sexual selection among males in modern Russia." Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia) , no. 1: 1.
Helping behavior is likely to have evolved to increase chances of survival of an individual and their group. Nevertheless, populations differ significantly in their eagerness to help, and little is known about populational and inter-individual determinants of these differences. Previous studies indicated that economic and physiological factors might influence helping behavior. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of approach to resource management of a society (immediate-return economy vs. delayed-return economy), prenatal androgenization (based on second-to-fourth digit ratio), and physical strength (based on hand grip strength) on helping behavior toward others. Helping was assessed in terms of both general eagerness to help and differential helping toward: (1) kin, (2) other group members indiscriminately, (3) friends, and (4) those from whom help was obtained in the past. Based on data collected in two small-scale societies (n = 306), we found that people in the egalitarian immediate-return society (the Hadza hunter-gatherers of Tanzania) displayed helping behavior significantly more often than people in a more stratified delayed-return economy (Yali horticulturalists of Papua). Additionally, our results revealed that physical strength was a significant predictor of helping behavior in women but not in men. We discuss our findings in the light of the adaptive value of helping behavior.
Marina Butovskaya; Michalina Marczak; Michał Misiak; Dmitry Karelin; Michał Białek; Piotr Sorokowski. Approach to Resource Management and Physical Strength Predict Differences in Helping: Evidence From Two Small-Scale Societies. 2020, 11, 373 .
AMA StyleMarina Butovskaya, Michalina Marczak, Michał Misiak, Dmitry Karelin, Michał Białek, Piotr Sorokowski. Approach to Resource Management and Physical Strength Predict Differences in Helping: Evidence From Two Small-Scale Societies. . 2020; 11 ():373.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarina Butovskaya; Michalina Marczak; Michał Misiak; Dmitry Karelin; Michał Białek; Piotr Sorokowski. 2020. "Approach to Resource Management and Physical Strength Predict Differences in Helping: Evidence From Two Small-Scale Societies." 11, no. : 373.
Daria Alekseevna Dronova; Marina L. Butovskaya. Assortative mating and its relationship with sexual dimorphism in Indians: Experimental data using stimulus images. Sibirskie istoricheskie issledovaniya 2020, 230 -246.
AMA StyleDaria Alekseevna Dronova, Marina L. Butovskaya. Assortative mating and its relationship with sexual dimorphism in Indians: Experimental data using stimulus images. Sibirskie istoricheskie issledovaniya. 2020; (1):230-246.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaria Alekseevna Dronova; Marina L. Butovskaya. 2020. "Assortative mating and its relationship with sexual dimorphism in Indians: Experimental data using stimulus images." Sibirskie istoricheskie issledovaniya , no. 1: 230-246.
This article presents a brief overview of the modern concept of gender selection and theory of parental investments, according to which the ration of genders in society manifests as a key forecaster of the level of polygyny on the marital market. The theory predicts that in shifting of the models of marital behavior from monogamous and polygamous, the level of matrimonial investment can decrease. The authors suggest that such targeted decrease of resources in the regions with low coefficient of genders can exert negative impact on the economic parameters of household in these regions. This research provides quantitative assessment of subjective satisfaction with financial position of the members of households in populated areas (N=10385) with various levels of coefficient of genders. The statistical analysis was conducted using the IBM SPSS software with application of the following methods: Pearson's χ2 criterion, Goodman and Kruskal's gamma (γ) criterion, and dispersion analysis. The acquired results confirm the presence of positive interconnection between the level of coefficient of genders in the region and financial wellbeing households. It was determined that in the regions of the Russian Federation with equal ration of male and female population, as well as in regions with predominant male population, the subjective assessment of own financial wellbeing was higher among both, men and women. The factor of sustained imbalance in the ratio of genders represents one of the relevant questions of Russian demography, but this phenomenon is rarely taken into consideration in quantitative research within social sciences.
Olga Vladimirovna Semenova; Marina L'vovna Butovskaya. Theoretical and practical consequences of imbalance in the coefficient of male and female population in modern Russia: impact of the factor of ratio of genders in the region upon individual level of financial wellbeing. Социодинамика 2020, 30 -45.
AMA StyleOlga Vladimirovna Semenova, Marina L'vovna Butovskaya. Theoretical and practical consequences of imbalance in the coefficient of male and female population in modern Russia: impact of the factor of ratio of genders in the region upon individual level of financial wellbeing. Социодинамика. 2020; (3):30-45.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOlga Vladimirovna Semenova; Marina L'vovna Butovskaya. 2020. "Theoretical and practical consequences of imbalance in the coefficient of male and female population in modern Russia: impact of the factor of ratio of genders in the region upon individual level of financial wellbeing." Социодинамика , no. 3: 30-45.
Marina Butovskaya; Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Primates as living links to our past: variations in hierarchy steepness but not real egalitarianism. Prehistoric Archaeology. Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 2020, 3, 1 .
AMA StyleMarina Butovskaya, Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Primates as living links to our past: variations in hierarchy steepness but not real egalitarianism. Prehistoric Archaeology. Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies. 2020; 3 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarina Butovskaya; Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2020. "Primates as living links to our past: variations in hierarchy steepness but not real egalitarianism." Prehistoric Archaeology. Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 3, no. : 1.
Marina Lvovna Butovskaya; Daria Alekseevna Dronova; Jason Nkybonaki. The living dead: guardians of the gardens, advisors, and patrons of the modern Haya of Tanzania. Sibirskie istoricheskie issledovaniya 2019, 16 -37.
AMA StyleMarina Lvovna Butovskaya, Daria Alekseevna Dronova, Jason Nkybonaki. The living dead: guardians of the gardens, advisors, and patrons of the modern Haya of Tanzania. Sibirskie istoricheskie issledovaniya. 2019; (4):16-37.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarina Lvovna Butovskaya; Daria Alekseevna Dronova; Jason Nkybonaki. 2019. "The living dead: guardians of the gardens, advisors, and patrons of the modern Haya of Tanzania." Sibirskie istoricheskie issledovaniya , no. 4: 16-37.
Two recent meta-analyses have suggested the association between digit ratio (2D:4D) and aggression is weak. This conclusion has been criticised because the meta-analyses conflate forms of aggression that show strong sex differences with those that do not, and most studies have considered post-pubertal participants. We test the influence of 2D:4D and ethnicity in the expression of aggression in children and adolescents in four ethnic groups of European and African origin. Buss and Perry aggression questionnaire. Direct measurement of the 2nd and 4th digits. 1296 children and adolescents from Tanzania and Russia from 4 ethnic groups - Datoga, Meru, Russians, Tatars. There were ethnic and gender differences in ratings on aggression with boys consistently reporting more physical aggression. In all four samples right 2D:4D was significantly lower in boys, compared to girls. With regard to our total sample of boys, the right 2D:4D was significantly and negatively associated with self-ratings on physical aggression, but no association was found for left 2D:4D. No associations between 2D:4D and physical aggression were found for girls. Hostility was negatively correlated with 2D:4D for boys, and anger was positively correlated with 2D:4D in girls. Sex differences were strongest for right 2D:4D (boysgirls). Right 2D:4D was negatively related to physical aggression in boys only, suggesting possible relationship to prenatal androgenization.
M. Butovskaya; V. Burkova; D. Karelin; V. Filatova. The association between 2D:4D ratio and aggression in children and adolescents: Cross-cultural and gender differences. Early Human Development 2019, 137, 104823 .
AMA StyleM. Butovskaya, V. Burkova, D. Karelin, V. Filatova. The association between 2D:4D ratio and aggression in children and adolescents: Cross-cultural and gender differences. Early Human Development. 2019; 137 ():104823.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Butovskaya; V. Burkova; D. Karelin; V. Filatova. 2019. "The association between 2D:4D ratio and aggression in children and adolescents: Cross-cultural and gender differences." Early Human Development 137, no. : 104823.
Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin
Victoria V. Rostovtseva; Anna A. Mezentseva; Marina L. Butovskaya. Cooperative behavior and aggression in young men: impact of prenatal androgenization and social environment. Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia) 2019, 42 -54.
AMA StyleVictoria V. Rostovtseva, Anna A. Mezentseva, Marina L. Butovskaya. Cooperative behavior and aggression in young men: impact of prenatal androgenization and social environment. Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia). 2019; (3):42-54.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVictoria V. Rostovtseva; Anna A. Mezentseva; Marina L. Butovskaya. 2019. "Cooperative behavior and aggression in young men: impact of prenatal androgenization and social environment." Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia) , no. 3: 42-54.
Bernhard Fink; Marina L. Butovskaya; Todd K. Shackelford. Reply to Durkee: ‘Do the Maasai perceive weak walkers to be stronger and more attractive than strong walkers? A re-analysis of Fink et al . (2019)’. Biology Letters 2019, 15, 20190376 .
AMA StyleBernhard Fink, Marina L. Butovskaya, Todd K. Shackelford. Reply to Durkee: ‘Do the Maasai perceive weak walkers to be stronger and more attractive than strong walkers? A re-analysis of Fink et al . (2019)’. Biology Letters. 2019; 15 (7):20190376.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBernhard Fink; Marina L. Butovskaya; Todd K. Shackelford. 2019. "Reply to Durkee: ‘Do the Maasai perceive weak walkers to be stronger and more attractive than strong walkers? A re-analysis of Fink et al . (2019)’." Biology Letters 15, no. 7: 20190376.