Objective: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 through angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 receptor can harm testes function. The objectives were to analyse the prevalence of low serum testosterone (LT) and impaired fertility potential (Leydig and Sertoli cells dysfunction, respectively) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) male survivors and to evaluate acute infection‐related associated factors. Also, we explore its association with post‐acute COVID‐19 syndrome (PCS) and quality of life (QOL).Materials and Methods: Male adults recovered from polymerase chain reaction‐confirmed COVID‐19 were offered a structured evaluation 8–12 weeks after recovery. The main outcome measure(s) were as follows: LT, defined as total testosterone (TT) < 2 ng/ml or if TT levels 2–4 ng/ml as calculated free testosterone < 6.36 ng/dl; Sertoli cell dysfunction was defined as inhibin‐B < 89 pg/ml. Secondary outcome‐associated factors were analysed by multiple logistic regression (odds ratio; 95% confidence interval [CI]). QOL was evaluated by SF‐36 v.2.Results: One hundred and forty‐three patients were evaluated at a median (interquartile range) of 77 days (72–83) after disease onset; 72% of them recovered from severe pneumonia. LT was detected in 41 patients (28.7%; 95% CI: 21.8–36.5). Low levels of inhibin‐B were detected in 25 patients (18.1%; 95% CI: 12.5–25.3). After multivariate adjustment, obesity and hypokalaemia were associated with LT, whereas age more than 65 was an independent predictor of Sertoli cell dysfunction. LT or Sertoli cell dysfunction was not associated with PCS. Patients with LT had a lower score in four domains of QOL.Conclusions: Prevalence of male LT and impaired fertility potential in COVID‐19 survivors is high in the medium term. Traditional risk factors and severity markers for COVID‐19 could be predictive.

The classification of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) subtypes continues generating interest. In 2017, the World Health Organization (WHO) proposed considering the immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of pituitary-specific transcription factors (TF) for their typification. The present study targeted the quantification of pituitary-specific TF (TPIT, PIT-1, SF-1, GATA2, ESR1) gene expression by RT-qPCR to overcome the shortcomings of IHC and to complement it. We analyzed 251 tumors from our collection of PitNETs and performed additional IHC studies in a subset of 56 samples to analyze the concordance between gene and protein expression of the TF. The molecular and IHC studies allowed us to significantly reduce the percentage of null cell tumors in our series, most of which were reclassified as gonadotroph tumors. The concordance between the molecular and the immunohistochemical studies was good for tumors coming from the corticotroph and Pit-1 lineages but worsened for the rest of the tumors. Indeed, the RT-qPCR helped to improve the typification of plurihormonal Pit-1 and unusual tumors. Overall, our results suggest that the RT-qPCR of pituitary-specific TF and hormone genes could help pathologists, endocrinologists, and neurosurgeons to improve the management of patients with pituitary tumors.

Purpose: To evaluate preliminarily and compare the level of plasmatic biomarkers of vascular risk in patients with and without exudative age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) and to relate it to vascular resistance alterations in the ophthalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA), posterior temporal ciliary artery (PTCA), and posterior nasal ciliary artery (PNCA). Methods: Color Doppler imaging of the OA, CRA, PTCA, and PNCA was performed in 30 eyes of 30 cataract patients (control group) as well as in 30 eyes of 30 patients with naive exudative ARMD (study group), measuring the peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity (EDV), and Pourcelot resistive index (RI). Likewise, in both groups, a blood test was performed to determine the plasmatic levels of homocysteine, C-reactive protein (CRP), B12 vitamin, and folic acid. Results: A positive and significant correlation was found between the level of CRP and RI of the OA in the ARMD group (r = 0.498, P = 0.005), with an increased RI in all arteries compared to controls, although differences only reached statistical significance for the PTCA (P = 0.035). Likewise, a significantly lower EDV for the CRA was found in ARMD eyes compared to controls (P = 0.041). In the study group, significantly higher plasmatic levels of homocysteine (P = 0.042) and CRP (P = 0.046) were found. In contrast, no significant differences were found between groups in the levels of folic acid (P = 0.265) and B12 vitamin (P = 0.520). Conclusion: The decrease of the choroidal perfusion related to hyperhomocysteinemia, and increase in the CRP plasmatic levels may play an etiological role on the exudative ARMD. This should be investigated in future studies with larger samples of patients.