Melanoma is considered the most serious type of skin cancer. All over the world, the mortality rate is much high for melanoma in contrast with other cancer. There are various computer-aided solutions proposed to correctly identify melanoma cancer. However, the difficult visual appearance of the nevus makes it very difficult to design a reliable Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) system for accurate melanoma detection. Existing systems either uses traditional machine learning models and focus on handpicked suitable features or uses deep learning-based methods that use complete images for feature learning. The automatic and most discriminative feature extraction for skin cancer remains an important research problem that can further be used to better deep learning training. Furthermore, the availability of the limited available images also creates a problem for deep learning models. From this line of research, we propose an intelligent Region of Interest (ROI) based system to identify and discriminate melanoma with nevus cancer by using the transfer learning approach. An improved k-mean algorithm is used to extract ROIs from the images. These ROI based approach helps to identify discriminative features as the images containing only melanoma cells are used to train system. We further use a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based transfer learning model with data augmentation for ROI images of DermIS and DermQuest datasets. The proposed system gives 97.9% and 97.4% accuracy for DermIS and DermQuest respectively. The proposed ROI based transfer learning approach outperforms existing methods that use complete images for classification.

Students' feedback is crucial for academic institutions in order to evaluate faculty performance. Handling the qualitative opinions of students efficiently while automatic report generation is a challenging task. Indeed, most organizations deal with quantitative feedback effectively, whereas qualitative feedback is either processed manually or ignored altogether. This study proposes a supervised aspect based opinion mining system based on two-layered LSTM model. The first layer predicts the aspects described within the feedback and later specifies the orientation (positive, negative, and neutral) of those predicted aspects. The model was tested on a manually tagged data set constructed from the last five years students' comments from Sukkur IBA University as well as on a standard SemEval-2014 data set. Unlike many other LSTM models proposed for other domains, the proposed model is quite simple in terms of architecture which results in less complexity. The system attains a good accuracy using the domain embedding layer in both tasks: aspect extraction (91%) and sentiment polarity detection (93%). To the best of our knowledge, this study is a first attempt that uses deep learning approach for performing aspect based sentiment analysis on students' feedback for evaluating faculty teaching performance.

Parkinson's disease is a neural degenerative disease. It slowly progresses from mild to severe stage, resulting in the degeneration of dopamine cells of neurons. Due to the deficiency of dopamine cells in the brain, it leads to a motor (tremor, slowness, impaired posture) and non-motor (speech, olfactory) defects in the body. Early detection of Parkinson's disease is a difficult chore as the symptoms of disease appear overtime. However, different diagnostic systems have contributed towards disease detection by considering gait, tremor and speech characteristics. Recent work has shown that speech impairments can be considered as a possible predictor for Parkinson's disease classification and remains an open research area. The speech signals show major differences and variations for Parkinson patients as compared to normal human beings. Therefore, variation in speech should be modeled using acoustic features to identify these variations. In this research, we propose three methods- the first method employs a transfer learning-based approach using spectrograms of speech recordings, the second method evaluates deep features extracted from speech spectrograms using machine learning classifiers and the third method evaluates simple acoustic feature of recordings using machine learning classifiers. The proposed frameworks are evaluated on a Spanish dataset pc-Gita. The results show that the second framework shows promising results with deep features. The highest 99.7% accuracy on vowel o and read text is observed using a multilayer perceptron. Whereas 99.1% accuracy observed on vowel i deep features using random forest. The deep feature-based method performs better as compared to simple acoustic features and transfer learning approaches. The proposed methodology outperforms the existing techniques on the pc-Gita dataset for Parkinson's disease detection.

Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology is now becoming the main tool in many applications such as autonomous driving and human–robot collaboration. Point-cloud-based 3D object detection is becoming popular and widely accepted in the industry and everyday life due to its effectiveness for cameras in challenging environments. In this paper, we present a modular approach to detect, track and classify persons using a 3D LiDAR sensor. It combines multiple principles: a robust implementation for object segmentation, a classifier with local geometric descriptors, and a tracking solution. Moreover, we achieve a real-time solution in a low-performance machine by reducing the number of points to be processed by obtaining and predicting regions of interest via movement detection and motion prediction without any previous knowledge of the environment. Furthermore, our prototype is able to successfully detect and track persons consistently even in challenging cases due to limitations on the sensor field of view or extreme pose changes such as crouching, jumping, and stretching. Lastly, the proposed solution is tested and evaluated in multiple real 3D LiDAR sensor recordings taken in an indoor environment. The results show great potential, with particularly high confidence in positive classifications of the human body as compared to state-of-the-art approaches.

Deep neural networks have emerged as a leading approach towards handling many natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Deep networks initially conquered the problems of computer vision. However, dealing with sequential data such as text and sound was a nightmare for such networks as traditional deep networks are not reliable in preserving contextual information. This may not harm the results in the case of image processing where we do not care about the sequence, but when we consider the data collected from text for processing, such networks may trigger disastrous results. Moreover, establishing sentence semantics in a colloquial text such as Roman Urdu is a challenge. Additionally, the sparsity and high dimensionality of data in such informal text have encountered a significant challenge for building sentence semantics. To overcome this problem, we propose a deep recurrent architecture RU-BiLSTM based on bidirectional LSTM (BiLSTM) coupled with word embedding and an attention mechanism for sentiment analysis of Roman Urdu. Our proposed model uses the bidirectional LSTM to preserve the context in both directions and the attention mechanism to concentrate on more important features. Eventually, the last dense softmax output layer is used to acquire the binary and ternary classification results. We empirically evaluated our model on two available datasets of Roman Urdu, i.e., RUECD and RUSA-19. Our proposed model outperformed the baseline models on many grounds, and a significant improvement of 6% to 8% is achieved over baseline models.