Remotely sensed data can reinforce the abilities of water resources researchers and decision-makers to monitor water quality more effectively. In the past few decades, remote sensing techniques have been widely used to measure qualitative water quality parameters. However, the use of moderate resolution sensors may not meet the requirements for monitoring small water bodies. Water quality in a small dam was assessed using high-resolution satellite data from RapidEye and in situ measurements collected a few days apart. The satellite carries a five-band multispectral optical imager with a ground sampling distance of 5 m at its nadir and a swath width of 80 km. Several different algorithms were evaluated using Pearson correlation coefficients for electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved soils (TDS), water transparency, water turbidity, depth, suspended particular matter (SPM), and chlorophyll-a. The results indicate strong correlation between the investigated parameters and RapidEye reflectance, especially in the red and red-edge portion with highest correlation between red-edge band and water turbidity (r² = 0.92). Two of the investigated indices showed good correlation in almost all of the water quality parameters with correlation higher than 0.80. The findings of this study emphasize the use of both high-resolution remote sensing imagery and red-edge portion of the electromagnetic spectrum for monitoring several water quality parameters in small water areas.

This study presents an analysis of the mean atmospheric column nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) over the Republic of North Macedonia during a six-month period. Measurements of NO2 and CO obtained from the recently launched Sentinel-5 Precursor spacecraft with TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (Sentinel-5P TROPOMI) have been used. The aim of this study was to use relatively high-resolution satellite data for local air quality/air pollution monitoring and to investigate the relation of the pollutants with geographical and demographical data of the study area. For that purpose, along with CO and NO2 data from TROPOMI, population statistics, digital elevation model and vegetation cover have been used for geo-spatial and statistical analyses. The findings show significantly high CO and NO2 values in several parts of the study area, especially high CO values in the Vardar and Polog Valleys, and high NO2 values in the densely populated cities. According to the analyses, there is high positive correlation between the NO2 and the population statistics (r = 0.78; R2 = 0.61) and high negative correlation (r = -0.9; R2 = 0.80) between the altitude and the CO values of the study area. The overall results of this study confirmed the capability of Sentinel-5P TROPOMI data to be used in monitoring the air quality and air pollution over local areas.

With rapid population growth, both urbanization and transportation affect air pollution, population health, and global warming. A number of air pollutants are released from industrial facilities and other activities and may cause adverse effects on human health and the environment. One of the biggest air pollutants, nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), is mainly caused by the combustion of fossil fuels, especially from traffic exhaust gases. Over the years, air pollution has been monitored using satellite remote sensing data. In this study, we investigate the relationship of the tropospheric NO₂ retrieved from the recently launched Sentinel-5 Precursor, a low-earth-orbit atmosphere mission dedicated to monitoring air pollution equipped with the spectrometer Tropomoi (Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument), and the population density over Turkey. For this purpose, we use the mean value of the NO₂ collected from July 2018 to January 2019 and the statistic population data from 2017. The results showed a significant correlation of higher than 0.72 between the population density and the maximum NO₂ values. For future studies, we recommend investigating the correlation of different air pollutants with population and other factors contributing to air and environmental pollution.

İnsan nüfusunun artması ve teknolojinin gelişmesiyle birlikte doğal kaynaklara olan talep her geçen gün artmaktadır. Üretim ve tüketim ihtiyaçlarını sağlamak için kullanılan doğal kaynaklar insanların dünyanın sahibi olduğuna dair düşüncelerinden dolayı tahrip edilerek düşüncesizce kullanılmaktadır. Ekolojik ayak izi ifadesi kaynak kullanımının sürdürülebilir bir biçimde gerçekleştirilebilmesi için kullanılan sayısal bir metottur. Bu metot ekolojik kaynakların ekonomik değerlerinin olduğunu belirten ekolojik ekonomi ve sürdürülebilirlik kavramlarının bir bütününü temsil etmektedir. Ekolojik ayak izi kavramı, tüketilen ekolojik verimli kaynak miktarlarını ve bu kaynakların alan bazında belirlenmesini sağlayarak ekolojik kaynak tüketimini sayısallaştırmaktadır. Son zamanlarda sürdürülebilirlik kavramının disiplinler arası değerlendirilmesi sonucunda ekolojik ayak izi kavramı genişletilerek ayak izi ailesi kavramı oluşturulmuştur. Ayak izi ailesi, ekolojik kaynakların tüketiminin kaynak bazında değerlendirilmesini sağlayarak her bir kaynağın sürdürülebilirliğini sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, ekolojik kaynakların sürdürülebilir yönetiminde anahtar rol oynayan ekolojik ayak izi kavramının tarihçesi ve kaynakların yönetiminde etkin olan ayak izi ailesi hakkında detaylı bir derleme çalışması yapılmıştır.