When explaining urban land use patterns, traditional theory neglects differences in the relationship between different types of transport routes and land use development. The purpose of the research presented here is to provide an analytical framework and an empirical analysis for studying differences in impacts of transport routes on land use and to identify the hierarchical variation in the transportation–land use relationship. With regard to Changchun city, at the city-wide scale there are significant differences in the dependence of three land use types on particular transport routes. At the microscale, the intracity transportation–land use connection exhibits a corridor effect; that is, newly constructed transport routes trigger quantitative and distributed adjustment of urban land along the routes, and adjustment closer to the transport routes tends to be more intensive than adjustment farther away. Moreover, there is a statistically significant difference in the corridor effects of different types of transport routes on particular land uses.