This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
Institute, Department or Faculty Head
01 March 2016 - 01 January 2019
University Educator/Researcher
01 June 2012 - 01 January 2016
University Educator/Researcher
01 January 2009 - 01 May 2012
Rajeev Bhat, PhD, is presently working as Professor and ERA Chair-holder in Valortech (Food By-products Valorisation Technologies) at the Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, EU. He has an extensive ‘Research and Teaching’ experience of more than 20 years in the field of agri-food technology, with his research expertise focusing mainly on various issues pertaining to ‘Sustainable Food Production’ and ‘Food Security.’ He holds International work experiences of working in India, South Korea, Malaysia, Germany, Fiji Islands and now in Estonia. Till date, he has more than 200 research articles published in ISI based journals and as refereed book chapters; has edited 07 books and authored one book; is in the editorial board of leading International journals; has been the scientific committee/advisory board member and an invited speaker in various international conferences. Prof. Bhat is a recipient of several prestigious international awards and recognitions conferred by various institutions of higher learning and research establishments.
Evaluation of different plant species of Allium has resulted in identification of several bioactive constituents/phytochemicals. Some of the bioactive phytochemical constituents include organosulfur compounds, thiosulfinates, polysulfanes, polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, fructans, fructo-oligosaccharides, essential oils, amino acids, vitamins, pigments, and much more. Traditionally, majority of the plants belonging to Allium sp. have been proved to be effective in treating flu, cold, cough, asthma, headache, stomachache, arthritis, and other common ailments. Besides, bioactive compounds identified in some of the commonly used Allium sp., they are scientifically proven to contribute towards a wide range of bioactivities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-hypercholesterolemic activities and much more. In the present chapter, attempts have been made to identify and report on some of the popular, widely consumed, and scientifically proven bioactivities of plants belonging to Allium species.
Rajeev Bhat. Bioactive Compounds of Allium Species. Reference Series in Phytochemistry 2021, 277 -295.
AMA StyleRajeev Bhat. Bioactive Compounds of Allium Species. Reference Series in Phytochemistry. 2021; ():277-295.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRajeev Bhat. 2021. "Bioactive Compounds of Allium Species." Reference Series in Phytochemistry , no. : 277-295.
Rhubarb (Rheum rhabarbarum L.; family, Polygonaceae) is a perennial herbaceous plant widely sought for their rich nutraceutical values. Several cultivated and wild species of rhubarb commands high demand in international market. Leaves are toxic, while stalk or the petioles are edible as food. Dried root/rhizome command usage in traditional medicine and is scientifically proven to impart a wide array of health benefits. Rhubarb’s therapeutic value is accredited to the presence of bioactive compounds such as anthraquinones, hydroxyanthraquinone, aloe-emodin, emodin, rhein, stilbene, rhaponticin, dietary fiber, and much more. These bioactive compounds are established for exhibiting antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, antidiarrheal, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, hepatoprotective activities, and much more. Even though several published works are available on rhubarb, in majority of the instances, information remains scattered, especially for the sub-cultivars, and for the actual mechanism of action imparted by the bioactive compounds. In this chapter, some of the interesting research themes published on rhubarb’s use, food and therapeutic values, composition (nutritional and bioactive compounds), and proved bioactivity are presented.
Rajeev Bhat. Bioactive Compounds of Rhubarb (Rheum Species). Reference Series in Phytochemistry 2021, 239 -254.
AMA StyleRajeev Bhat. Bioactive Compounds of Rhubarb (Rheum Species). Reference Series in Phytochemistry. 2021; ():239-254.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRajeev Bhat. 2021. "Bioactive Compounds of Rhubarb (Rheum Species)." Reference Series in Phytochemistry , no. : 239-254.
Grapevine shoots and canes represent a significant amount of biomass, considered as a waste in viticulture. In cooler climates, grapevines are pruned in the autumn (October) and spring (March) due to harsh winter conditions (e.g., snow, low temperatures), and large amounts of biomass are produced at these different pruning times. This work was undertaken in order to investigate the potential of vineyard pruning waste for recovery of polyphenolic compounds for biomass valorization. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of grapevine shoot and cane polyphenols, including flavonoids and stilbenoids were performed using UHPLC MS/MS method. The results revealed the flavonols (quercetin) to be the most abundant compounds in shoots among all the three cultivars screened (Zilga, Hasansky Sladky, Rondo). Stilbenoids (ε-viniferin) dominated in the canes, while increased level of flavonols with lower contents of stilbenoids was detected in the endo-dormant canes, and higher amounts of flavanols and stilbenoids were recorded in eco-dormant canes. In conclusion, the content of polyphenols in grapevine shoots and canes differed among the cultivars and dormancy phases. The results generated from the present study contribute to the sustainable and environmentally friendly viticulture practice via valorization of vineyard pruning wastes.
Reelika Rätsep; Kadri Karp; Mariana Maante-Kuljus; Alar Aluvee; Hedi Kaldmäe; Rajeev Bhat. Recovery of Polyphenols from Vineyard Pruning Wastes—Shoots and Cane of Hybrid Grapevine (Vitis sp.) Cultivars. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 1059 .
AMA StyleReelika Rätsep, Kadri Karp, Mariana Maante-Kuljus, Alar Aluvee, Hedi Kaldmäe, Rajeev Bhat. Recovery of Polyphenols from Vineyard Pruning Wastes—Shoots and Cane of Hybrid Grapevine (Vitis sp.) Cultivars. Antioxidants. 2021; 10 (7):1059.
Chicago/Turabian StyleReelika Rätsep; Kadri Karp; Mariana Maante-Kuljus; Alar Aluvee; Hedi Kaldmäe; Rajeev Bhat. 2021. "Recovery of Polyphenols from Vineyard Pruning Wastes—Shoots and Cane of Hybrid Grapevine (Vitis sp.) Cultivars." Antioxidants 10, no. 7: 1059.
Quercetin, a bioactive secondary metabolite, holds incredible importance in terms of bioactivities, which has been proved by in vivo and in vitro studies. The treatment of cardiovascular and neurological diseases by quercetin has been extensively investigated over the past decade. Quercetin is present naturally in appreciable amounts in fresh produce (fruits and vegetables). However, today, corresponding to the growing population and global demand for fresh fruits and vegetables, a paradigm shift and focus is laid towards exploring industrial food wastes and/or byproducts as a new resource to obtain bioactive compounds such as quercetin. Based on the available research reports over the last decade, quercetin has been suggested as a reliable therapeutic candidate for either treating or alleviating health issues, mainly those of cardiovascular and neurological diseases. In the present review, we have summarized some of the critical findings and hypotheses of quercetin from the available databases foreseeing its future use as a potential therapeutic agent to treat cardiovascular and neurological diseases. It is anticipated that this review will be a potential reference material for future research activities to be undertaken on quercetin obtained from fresh produce as well as their respective processing wastes/byproducts that rely on the circular concept.
Irshad Bhat; Rajeev Bhat. Quercetin: A Bioactive Compound Imparting Cardiovascular and Neuroprotective Benefits: Scope for Exploring Fresh Produce, Their Wastes, and By-Products. Biology 2021, 10, 586 .
AMA StyleIrshad Bhat, Rajeev Bhat. Quercetin: A Bioactive Compound Imparting Cardiovascular and Neuroprotective Benefits: Scope for Exploring Fresh Produce, Their Wastes, and By-Products. Biology. 2021; 10 (7):586.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIrshad Bhat; Rajeev Bhat. 2021. "Quercetin: A Bioactive Compound Imparting Cardiovascular and Neuroprotective Benefits: Scope for Exploring Fresh Produce, Their Wastes, and By-Products." Biology 10, no. 7: 586.
Despite significant evidence base on quantifying ecosystem services, the role of biodiversity in supporting such services in diversified landscapes, and how indigenous communities exploit, utilize and manage plant resources in a biocultural regime, remains understudied. This study examines the role of wild edible plants (WEPs) in meeting the food, nutrition and household income of indigenous communities under the biodiversity rich landscape of the Achanakmaar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve (AABR—22°15′ to 22°58′ N latitudes and 81°25′ to 82°5′ East longitudes) of Central India. Results revealed remarkable differences among Baiga, Gond, Kol, and Oraon ethnic communities and also location (core, buffer and transition) effect on utilization pattern of wild edibles. A sum total of 172 WEPs comprising 60 vegetables, 70 fruits, seeds and nuts, 23 underground tubers and 19 mushrooms were collected, consumed, and surplus were marketed by the communities. On average, the number of wild edibles collected annually by households were in the following quantities: 40–240 kg leafy vegetables, 125–386 kg flowers, 120–250 kg fruits, 12–125 kg legumes, 24–120 kg tubers, 5–35 kg mushrooms. Among ethnic groups, the Baiga primitive community utilized 70–90% followed by Gonds (58–81%), Kols (52–78%), Oraons (43–79%), and other communities (38–68%) in different zones. WEPs have contributed to 5–24% (Rs 3559- 12,710) of household income, which was highest in the core zone and lowest in the transition zone. It was observed that WEPs were complemented the diets rather than being a substitute for staple foods. They supplied only 3.7–8.3% of energy and 1.1–4.9% protein requirements; however, they significantly supplemented ascorbic acid, thiamine, calcium, and iron by 38.1–73%, 13.7–35.4%, 17.2–29.1%, 2.6–13.5%, respectively. Significantly higher quantities of nutrients were supplemented in the core zone compared to other zones. WEPs were currently underutilized (less intake) especially in buffer and transition zones, complementing the staple foods and partially supplementing the essential macro- and micro-nutrients. However, these have the potential to fulfill the dietary needs and ensure balanced nutrition, if consumed in recommended portions and sizes. The paper discusses policy implications that ensure coherence and coordination of local indigenous communities for conservation and sustainable utilization of WEPs of AABR, Central India.
Alka Mishra; Singam Swamy; Tarun Thakur; Rajeev Bhat; Arvind Bijalwan; Amit Kumar. Use of Wild Edible Plants: Can They Meet the Dietary and Nutritional Needs of Indigenous Communities in Central India. Foods 2021, 10, 1453 .
AMA StyleAlka Mishra, Singam Swamy, Tarun Thakur, Rajeev Bhat, Arvind Bijalwan, Amit Kumar. Use of Wild Edible Plants: Can They Meet the Dietary and Nutritional Needs of Indigenous Communities in Central India. Foods. 2021; 10 (7):1453.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlka Mishra; Singam Swamy; Tarun Thakur; Rajeev Bhat; Arvind Bijalwan; Amit Kumar. 2021. "Use of Wild Edible Plants: Can They Meet the Dietary and Nutritional Needs of Indigenous Communities in Central India." Foods 10, no. 7: 1453.
Sea buckthorn pomace is a valuable industrial waste/by-product obtained after juice production that contains bioactive, health-promoting dietary fibres. This pomace finds usage as animal feed or simply discarded, owed to the lack of appropriate handling or processing facilities. The present study was aimed to evaluate the effects of green extraction technologies such as ultrasonic-assisted extraction on the yield of soluble dietary fibre (SDF) from sea buckthorn pomace. Response surface methodology (RSM) coupled with Box–Behnken design (BBD) was applied for optimization of SDF yield. The effects of sonication temperature (60–80 °C), sonication power (100–130 W) and extraction time (30–60 min) on the yield of SDF were also investigated. Furthermore, colour measurement and hydration properties of sea buckthorn pomace powder (STP) and dietary fibre fractions (SDF and insoluble dietary fibre, IDF) were also investigated. From the RSM results, the optimal sonication temperature (67.83 °C), sonication power (105.52 W) and extraction time (51.18 min) were identified. Based on this, the modified optimum conditions were standardised (sonication temperature of 70 °C, sonication power of 105 W and extraction time of 50 min). Accordingly, the yield of SDF obtained was 16.08 ± 0.18%, which was close to the predicted value (15.66%). Sonication temperature showed significant effects at p ≤ 0.01, while sonication power and extraction time showed significant effects at p ≤ 0.05 on the yield of SDF. The result on colour attributes of STP, SDF and IDF differed (L* (STP: 54.71 ± 0.72, IDF: 72.64 ± 0.21 and SDF: 54.53 ± 0.31), a* (STP: 52.35 ± 1.04, IDF: 32.85 ± 0.79 and SDF: 43.54 ± 0.03), b* (STP: 79.28 ± 0.62, IDF: 82.47 ± 0.19 and SDF: 71.33 ± 0.50), and ∆E* (STP: 79.93 ± 0.50, IDF: 74.18 ± 0.30 and SDF: 68.40 ± 0.39)). Higher values of hydration properties such as the water holding, swelling and oil holding capacities were found in SDF (7.25 ± 0.10 g g−1, 7.24 ± 0.05 mL g−1 and 1.49 ± 0.02 g g−1), followed by IDF (6.30 ± 0.02, 5.75 ± 0.07 and 1.25 ± 0.03) and STP (4.17 ± 0.04, 3.48 ± 0.06 and 0.89 ± 0.03), respectively. Based on our results, response surface methodology is recommended to be adopted to optimize the ultrasonic-assisted extraction to obtain maximum yield of SDF from sea buckthorn pomace. These results can be of practical usage while designing future functional food formulations using sea buckthorn pomace.
Shehzad Hussain; Minaxi Sharma; Rajeev Bhat. Valorisation of Sea Buckthorn Pomace by Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Soluble Dietary Fibre Using Response Surface Methodology. Foods 2021, 10, 1330 .
AMA StyleShehzad Hussain, Minaxi Sharma, Rajeev Bhat. Valorisation of Sea Buckthorn Pomace by Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Soluble Dietary Fibre Using Response Surface Methodology. Foods. 2021; 10 (6):1330.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShehzad Hussain; Minaxi Sharma; Rajeev Bhat. 2021. "Valorisation of Sea Buckthorn Pomace by Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Soluble Dietary Fibre Using Response Surface Methodology." Foods 10, no. 6: 1330.
Currently, there is a strong enduring interest towards obtaining high-value, sustainable bio-based bioactive compounds from natural resources, as there is great demand for these compounds in various market sectors such as agriculture, food, pharma, cosmeceuticals, and others
Minaxi Sharma; Rajeev Bhat; Zeba Usmani; David McClements; Pratyoosh Shukla; Vinay Raghavendra; Vijai Gupta. Bio-Based Formulations for Sustainable Applications in Agri-Food-Pharma. Biomolecules 2021, 11, 768 .
AMA StyleMinaxi Sharma, Rajeev Bhat, Zeba Usmani, David McClements, Pratyoosh Shukla, Vinay Raghavendra, Vijai Gupta. Bio-Based Formulations for Sustainable Applications in Agri-Food-Pharma. Biomolecules. 2021; 11 (5):768.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMinaxi Sharma; Rajeev Bhat; Zeba Usmani; David McClements; Pratyoosh Shukla; Vinay Raghavendra; Vijai Gupta. 2021. "Bio-Based Formulations for Sustainable Applications in Agri-Food-Pharma." Biomolecules 11, no. 5: 768.
Natural pigments improve aesthetic value as well as antioxidant potential of a food product. This study was designed to determine the effects of green extraction techniques on carotenoids, polyphenols and antioxidant activities of pulp and peel of two varieties of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima). Innovative green extractions (IGE; Ultrasound and Microwave-Assisted Extractions) synergised with corn oil (used as green solvent) were compared with conventional extraction (CE; hexane/isopropyl alcohol; 60:40, v/v). Results showed total carotenoids to be almost double on employing IGE (PM2-UAE-peel = 38.03 ± 4.21; PM4-UAE-peel = 33.78 ± 1.76 µg/g) when compared to conventional extraction (PM2-CE-peel = 19.21 ± 4.39; PM4-CE-peel = 16.21 ± 2.52 µg/g). Polyphenolic contents ranged between 510.69 ± 5.50 and 588.68 ± 7.26 mg GAE/100 g of extract in IGE, compared with conventional extracts (269.50 ± 2.17 to 318.46 ± 6.60 mg GAE/100 g) and percent inhibition of 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) ranging between 88.32 ± 1.51 and 93.53 ± 0.30% in IGE when compared with conventional extraction (50.61 ± 1.44 to 57.79 ± 2.09%). Further, oxidative stability of carotenoids extracts from IGE (protection factor = 1.59 ± 0.01 to 1.81 ± 0.05) were found to be significantly higher (p < 0.05) than conventional extracts. Based on results, this study supports the use of innovative green extraction techniques to obtain bioactive pigments like carotenoids. It is anticipated that results generated will find potential applications in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
Minaxi Sharma; Rajeev Bhat. Extraction of Carotenoids from Pumpkin Peel and Pulp: Comparison between Innovative Green Extraction Technologies (Ultrasonic and Microwave-Assisted Extractions Using Corn Oil). Foods 2021, 10, 787 .
AMA StyleMinaxi Sharma, Rajeev Bhat. Extraction of Carotenoids from Pumpkin Peel and Pulp: Comparison between Innovative Green Extraction Technologies (Ultrasonic and Microwave-Assisted Extractions Using Corn Oil). Foods. 2021; 10 (4):787.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMinaxi Sharma; Rajeev Bhat. 2021. "Extraction of Carotenoids from Pumpkin Peel and Pulp: Comparison between Innovative Green Extraction Technologies (Ultrasonic and Microwave-Assisted Extractions Using Corn Oil)." Foods 10, no. 4: 787.
Synthetic pigments from petrochemicals have been extensively used in a wide range of food products. However, these pigments have adverse effects on human health that has rendered it obligatory to the scientific community in order to explore for much safer, natural, and eco-friendly pigments. In this regard, exploiting the potential of agri-food wastes presumes importance, extracted mainly by employing green processing and extraction technologies. Of late, pigments market size is growing rapidly owing to their extensive uses. Hence, there is a need for sustainable production of pigments from renewable bioresources. Valorization of vegetal wastes (fruits and vegetables) and their by-products (e.g. peels, seeds or pomace) can meet the demands of natural pigment production at the industrial levels for potential food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmeceuticals applications. These wastes/by-products are a rich source of natural pigments such as: anthocyanins, betalains, carotenoids, and chlorophylls. It is envisaged that these natural pigments can contribute significantly to the development of functional foods as well as impart rich biotherapeutic potential. With a sustainability approach, we have critically reviewed vital research information and developments made on natural pigments from vegetal wastes, greener extraction and processing technologies, encapsulation techniques and potential bioactivities. Designed with an eco-friendly approach, it is expected that this review will benefit not only the concerned industries but also be of use to health-conscious consumers. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT Schematic representation of vegetal waste utilization for the exploitation of the pigments and their functional properties.
Minaxi Sharma; Zeba Usmani; Vijai Kumar Gupta; Rajeev Bhat. Valorization of fruits and vegetable wastes and by-products to produce natural pigments. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology 2021, 41, 535 -563.
AMA StyleMinaxi Sharma, Zeba Usmani, Vijai Kumar Gupta, Rajeev Bhat. Valorization of fruits and vegetable wastes and by-products to produce natural pigments. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology. 2021; 41 (4):535-563.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMinaxi Sharma; Zeba Usmani; Vijai Kumar Gupta; Rajeev Bhat. 2021. "Valorization of fruits and vegetable wastes and by-products to produce natural pigments." Critical Reviews in Biotechnology 41, no. 4: 535-563.
The global plastic production is reaching new altitudes every year. Growing production of petroleum-based plastics has incurred in disposal issues raising the concerns of plastic pollution and impact to the environment. These issues have encouraged innovation and research activities in the field of bioplastics, offering alternatives for conventional plastics. In recent years, global bioplastic production has also witnessed tremendous growth and expansion. Some of the main drivers of this growth are innovative biopolymers such as Polylactic acid (PLA) and Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). However, industrial expenses to produce bioplastics are much higher when compared to petroleum-derived plastics (e.g. industrial PHA production is estimated to be 5–10 times more expensive than petroleum-derived polymers). In this regard, globally many researchers have investigated for more environmentally friendly and cost-effective alternatives to produce plastics. One potential option to pursue would be to explore agri-food wastes and by-products for bioplastic production. This would not only reduce the volume of wastes and by-products, but also production costs incurred. This review paper provides an overview of bioplastics, including production methods and possibilities of industrial food waste valorization for bioplastic production.
Katrin Jõgi; Rajeev Bhat. Valorization of food processing wastes and by-products for bioplastic production. Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy 2020, 18, 100326 .
AMA StyleKatrin Jõgi, Rajeev Bhat. Valorization of food processing wastes and by-products for bioplastic production. Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy. 2020; 18 ():100326.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatrin Jõgi; Rajeev Bhat. 2020. "Valorization of food processing wastes and by-products for bioplastic production." Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy 18, no. : 100326.
Rhubarb (Rheum rhabarbarum L.; family, Polygonaceae) is a perennial herbaceous plant widely sought for their rich nutraceutical values. Several cultivated and wild species of rhubarb commands high demand in international market. Leaves are toxic, while stalk or the petioles are edible as food. Dried root/rhizome command usage in traditional medicine and is scientifically proven to impart a wide array of health benefits. Rhubarb’s therapeutic value is accredited to the presence of bioactive compounds such as anthraquinones, hydroxyanthraquinone, aloe-emodin, emodin, rhein, stilbene, rhaponticin, dietary fiber, and much more. These bioactive compounds are established for exhibiting antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, antidiarrheal, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, hepatoprotective activities, and much more. Even though several published works are available on rhubarb, in majority of the instances, information remains scattered, especially for the sub-cultivars, and for the actual mechanism of action imparted by the bioactive compounds. In this chapter, some of the interesting research themes published on rhubarb’s use, food and therapeutic values, composition (nutritional and bioactive compounds), and proved bioactivity are presented.
Rajeev Bhat. Bioactive Compounds of Rhubarb (Rheum Species). Reference Series in Phytochemistry 2020, 1 -16.
AMA StyleRajeev Bhat. Bioactive Compounds of Rhubarb (Rheum Species). Reference Series in Phytochemistry. 2020; ():1-16.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRajeev Bhat. 2020. "Bioactive Compounds of Rhubarb (Rheum Species)." Reference Series in Phytochemistry , no. : 1-16.
Evaluation of different plant species of Allium has resulted in identification of several bioactive constituents/phytochemicals. Some of the bioactive phytochemical constituents include organosulfur compounds, thiosulfinates, polysulfanes, polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, fructans, fructo-oligosaccharides, essential oils, amino acids, vitamins, pigments, and much more. Traditionally, majority of the plants belonging to Allium sp. have been proved to be effective in treating flu, cold, cough, asthma, headache, stomachache, arthritis, and other common ailments. Besides, bioactive compounds identified in some of the commonly used Allium sp. plants are scientifically proven to contribute towards a wide range of bioactivities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-hypercholesterolemic activities and much more. In the present chapter, attempts have been made to identify and report on some of the popular, widely consumed, and scientifically proven bioactivities of plants belonging to Allium species.
Rajeev Bhat. Bioactive Compounds of Allium Species. Reference Series in Phytochemistry 2020, 1 -20.
AMA StyleRajeev Bhat. Bioactive Compounds of Allium Species. Reference Series in Phytochemistry. 2020; ():1-20.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRajeev Bhat. 2020. "Bioactive Compounds of Allium Species." Reference Series in Phytochemistry , no. : 1-20.
Grapevine leaves are a major by-product of viticulture practices derived from the leaf-removal from the fruit cluster zone in all vine growing regions. These leaves can be a valuable source of antioxidants to be used in pharmaceuticals or other health-related products. In this study, the leaves of grapevine cultivars were analysed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph-diode array detector () for the total polyphenols (TPC) and resveratrol affected by cultivar, leaf-removal time and viticultural practice. The effect of cultivar varied yearly, European grapevine cv. ‘Regent’ had increased TPC and resveratrol in comparison to ‘Boskoop’s Glory’, ‘Rondo’ and ‘Solaris’ in 2017, but ‘Solaris’ in 2018. TPC (1213−1841 mg 100 g−1) and resveratrol (1.061 mg 100 g−1) were higher in leaves of interspecific hybrid cvs. ’Zilga’ and ’Hasansky Sladky’ during full fruit ripeness. Cv. ‘Rondo’ grown under the polytunnel had decreased TPC in leaves. In conclusion, cultivar selection, viticultural practice and leaf-removal time contribute significantly to the accumulation of total polyphenols and resveratrol. Results of this study will contribute to better utilization of biomass produced in the vineyards, help to decrease the negative environmental impacts, and provide an overview on various factors affecting the biochemical constituents, especially in leaves.
Reelika Rätsep; Kadri Karp; Mariana Maante-Kuljus; Alar Aluvee; Rajeev Bhat. Polyphenols and Resveratrol from Discarded Leaf Biomass of Grapevine (Vitis sp.): Effect of Cultivar and Viticultural Practices in Estonia. Agriculture 2020, 10, 393 .
AMA StyleReelika Rätsep, Kadri Karp, Mariana Maante-Kuljus, Alar Aluvee, Rajeev Bhat. Polyphenols and Resveratrol from Discarded Leaf Biomass of Grapevine (Vitis sp.): Effect of Cultivar and Viticultural Practices in Estonia. Agriculture. 2020; 10 (9):393.
Chicago/Turabian StyleReelika Rätsep; Kadri Karp; Mariana Maante-Kuljus; Alar Aluvee; Rajeev Bhat. 2020. "Polyphenols and Resveratrol from Discarded Leaf Biomass of Grapevine (Vitis sp.): Effect of Cultivar and Viticultural Practices in Estonia." Agriculture 10, no. 9: 393.
The Sorbus spp. are valuable plants, which have been used for ornamental purposes, in traditional medicines and less seldom in foods. Recent studies have revealed different anatomical parts of the Sorbus spp. to contain valuable phytochemicals demonstrating various bioactivities. However, in terms of applications in the products intended for human consumption, Sorbus still remains as an underutilised genus. The increasing number of studies on phytochemicals, antioxidant potential and other bioactivities of Sorbus extracts has revealed the prospects of expanding its use in natural medicines, cosmetics and as innovative food ingredients, which might find wider applications in functional foods and/or nutraceuticals. Caffeoylquinic acids, flavonoids and proanthocyanidins have been reported in various Sorbus spp. as the most abundant polyphenolic antioxidants. The preparations of various plant anatomical parts have been used in ethnopharmacology as natural remedy for treating bacterial, viral, inflammatory diseases including tumors. Sorbus spp. plant parts have also been tested for management of diabetes, neurological, and cardiovascular disorders. The present review is focused on Sorbus plants (in total 27 Sorbus spp.), their composition and properties in terms of developing promising ingredients for foods, nutraceutical, cosmeceutical and other applications. It is expected that this review will assist in designing further studies of rowans and other Sorbus spp. in order to expand their uses for various human applications.
Viive Sarv; Petras Rimantas Venskutonis; Rajeev Bhat. The Sorbus spp.—Underutilised Plants for Foods and Nutraceuticals: Review on Polyphenolic Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Potential. Antioxidants 2020, 9, 813 .
AMA StyleViive Sarv, Petras Rimantas Venskutonis, Rajeev Bhat. The Sorbus spp.—Underutilised Plants for Foods and Nutraceuticals: Review on Polyphenolic Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Potential. Antioxidants. 2020; 9 (9):813.
Chicago/Turabian StyleViive Sarv; Petras Rimantas Venskutonis; Rajeev Bhat. 2020. "The Sorbus spp.—Underutilised Plants for Foods and Nutraceuticals: Review on Polyphenolic Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Potential." Antioxidants 9, no. 9: 813.
Agri-food industries generate enormous amounts of fruit and vegetable processing wastes, which opens up an important research area aimed towards minimizing and managing them efficiently to support zero wastes and/or circular economy concept. These wastes remain underutilized owing to a lack of appropriate processing technologies vital for their efficient valorization, especially for recovery of health beneficial bioactives like dietary fibers. Dietary fiber finds wide applications in food and pharmaceutical industries and holds high promise as a potential food additive and/or as a functional food ingredient to meet the techno-functional purposes important for developing health-promoting value-added products. Based on this, the present review has been designed to support ‘zero waste’ and ‘waste to wealth’ concepts. In addition, the focus revolves around providing updated information on various sustainability challenges incurred towards valorization of fruit and vegetable wastes for extraction of health promoting dietary fibers.
Shehzad Hussain; Ivi Jõudu; Rajeev Bhat. Dietary Fiber from Underutilized Plant Resources—A Positive Approach for Valorization of Fruit and Vegetable Wastes. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5401 .
AMA StyleShehzad Hussain, Ivi Jõudu, Rajeev Bhat. Dietary Fiber from Underutilized Plant Resources—A Positive Approach for Valorization of Fruit and Vegetable Wastes. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (13):5401.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShehzad Hussain; Ivi Jõudu; Rajeev Bhat. 2020. "Dietary Fiber from Underutilized Plant Resources—A Positive Approach for Valorization of Fruit and Vegetable Wastes." Sustainability 12, no. 13: 5401.
The world today is not only facing the problem of depleting energy sources but also generation of waste from anthropogenic activities. While waste is a risk, it is also an opportunity to solve this dual problem through utilization of waste as a potential source of energy and products. In order to reconcile the management of waste to the scale of its production, several researches are being pursued. Establishment of bioeconomy is a great way to achieve this goal. But inherent challenges associated with biowaste include manageability of by-products and sludge, wide variety in waste composition, efficiency of the process and economic viability of treatment technologies to scale-up and industrialize beyond laboratory setup. Recent advancements have been made in this regard with the use of new techniques, synergistic catalysts, combination of technologies and novel treatment materials to remediate the challenges and maximize the value of waste by utilizing it as a feedstock to produce industrial chemicals, fuels and materials. This review provides an insight into these developments, along with the critical discussion, limitations and economic feasibility of waste valorization technologies to provide new understanding for the advancement of bioeconomy.
Zeba Usmani; Minaxi Sharma; Yevgen Karpichev; Ashok Pandey; Ramesh Chander Kuhad; Rajeev Bhat; Rajesh Punia; Mortaza Aghbashlo; Meisam Tabatabaei; Vijai Kumar Gupta. Advancement in valorization technologies to improve utilization of bio-based waste in bioeconomy context. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2020, 131, 109965 .
AMA StyleZeba Usmani, Minaxi Sharma, Yevgen Karpichev, Ashok Pandey, Ramesh Chander Kuhad, Rajeev Bhat, Rajesh Punia, Mortaza Aghbashlo, Meisam Tabatabaei, Vijai Kumar Gupta. Advancement in valorization technologies to improve utilization of bio-based waste in bioeconomy context. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2020; 131 ():109965.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZeba Usmani; Minaxi Sharma; Yevgen Karpichev; Ashok Pandey; Ramesh Chander Kuhad; Rajeev Bhat; Rajesh Punia; Mortaza Aghbashlo; Meisam Tabatabaei; Vijai Kumar Gupta. 2020. "Advancement in valorization technologies to improve utilization of bio-based waste in bioeconomy context." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 131, no. : 109965.
Excessive usage of chemicals, accelerated depletion of nonrenewable resources, and the resultant impact on the environment have become a cause of great concern globally. Thus there is a need for the development of novel green technologies that can tap into the abundance of alternate resources such as lignocellulosic biomass and globally generated waste to manufacture products for consumption. There are recent developments in the utilization of lignocellulosic biomass for the production of raw materials for industries such as pharmaceuticals, food, and back to agriculture. Some of the sources for biomass include residue from forestry, sawmills, and paper industry. Agricultural waste sources include cereal straw, corncob, bagasse, and oil processing waste. But these feedstocks cannot be directly used for the product manufacturing due to the recalcitrant structure of the wood-based biomass sources. There is a need for pretreatment to make the source materials susceptible to further treatments. There has been significant development in this regard, but most of the pretreatment methods are costly, produce harmful by-products, or need extreme conditions. There has been a growing focus on the usage of ionic liquids (ILs) as they have a unique property of being green, recyclable, and reusable multiple times without losing much of its performance. ILs have also proven to be an effective method for the pretreatment and the resultant substrate becoming more efficient in further enzymatic hydrolysis for the production of reducing sugars such as glucose and xylose.
Zeba Usmani; Minaxi Sharma; Yevgen Karpichev; Nicholas Gathergood; Rajeev Bhat; Vijai Kumar Gupta. Pretreatment of plant feedstocks and agrofood waste using ionic liquids. Recent Developments in Bioenergy Research 2020, 393 -413.
AMA StyleZeba Usmani, Minaxi Sharma, Yevgen Karpichev, Nicholas Gathergood, Rajeev Bhat, Vijai Kumar Gupta. Pretreatment of plant feedstocks and agrofood waste using ionic liquids. Recent Developments in Bioenergy Research. 2020; ():393-413.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZeba Usmani; Minaxi Sharma; Yevgen Karpichev; Nicholas Gathergood; Rajeev Bhat; Vijai Kumar Gupta. 2020. "Pretreatment of plant feedstocks and agrofood waste using ionic liquids." Recent Developments in Bioenergy Research , no. : 393-413.
Agri-food waste biomass is the most abundant organic waste and has high valorisation potential for sustainable bioproducts development. These wastes are not only recyclable in nature but are also rich sources of bioactive carbohydrates, peptides, pigments, polyphenols, vitamins, natural antioxidants, etc. Bioconversion of agri-food waste to value-added products is very important towards zero waste and circular economy concepts. To reduce the environmental burden, food researchers are seeking strategies to utilize this waste for microbial pigments production and further biotechnological exploitation in functional foods or value-added products. Microbes are valuable sources for a range of bioactive molecules, including microbial pigments production through fermentation and/or utilisation of waste. Here, we have reviewed some of the recent advancements made in important bioengineering technologies to develop engineered microbial systems for enhanced pigments production using agrifood wastes biomass/by-products as substrates in a sustainable way.
Zeba Usmani; Minaxi Sharma; Surya Sudheer; Vijai Kumar Gupta; Rajeev Bhat. Engineered Microbes for Pigment Production Using Waste Biomass. Current Genomics 2020, 21, 80 -95.
AMA StyleZeba Usmani, Minaxi Sharma, Surya Sudheer, Vijai Kumar Gupta, Rajeev Bhat. Engineered Microbes for Pigment Production Using Waste Biomass. Current Genomics. 2020; 21 (2):80-95.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZeba Usmani; Minaxi Sharma; Surya Sudheer; Vijai Kumar Gupta; Rajeev Bhat. 2020. "Engineered Microbes for Pigment Production Using Waste Biomass." Current Genomics 21, no. 2: 80-95.
The fruit of Bouea microphylla referred as plum mango or gandaria is a popular seasonal fruit, which is widely consumed in the Malay subcontinent. There is ample of traditional knowledge available among the locals on the use of leaves, bark, fruits, and seeds of this plant. However, very limited research information and scientific report is available on their composition, phytochemicals, or on the bioactive compounds. In the present chapter, we have aimed towards comprehensively providing information on nutritional value, functional qualities, health-promoting bioactive compounds, and volatile constituents of this underutilized fruit.
Nithiya Shanmuga Rajan; Rajeev Bhat. Bioactive Compounds of Plum Mango (Bouea microphylla Griffith). Reference Series in Phytochemistry 2020, 529 -541.
AMA StyleNithiya Shanmuga Rajan, Rajeev Bhat. Bioactive Compounds of Plum Mango (Bouea microphylla Griffith). Reference Series in Phytochemistry. 2020; ():529-541.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNithiya Shanmuga Rajan; Rajeev Bhat. 2020. "Bioactive Compounds of Plum Mango (Bouea microphylla Griffith)." Reference Series in Phytochemistry , no. : 529-541.
Rambutan, a widely popular tropical fruit, encompasses rich amount of bioactive compounds. All parts of this plant (leaves, bark, root, fruits, fruit skin, pulp, and seeds) find traditional usage and are linked with high therapeutic values. Rambutan fruit parts like that of peel, pulp, and seeds have been scientifically investigated in depth and is reported to encompass high amounts of bioactive compounds (such as polyphenol, flavonoid, alkaloid, essential mineral, and dietary fiber). These compounds contribute for antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetic, and anti-obesity activities. However, literature pertaining toward potential industrial applications (food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical) of rambutan fruits is limited. In the present chapter, it is intended to document some of the interesting research themes published on rambutan fruits and identify the existing gaps to open up arena for future research work.
Rajeev Bhat. Bioactive Compounds of Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.). Reference Series in Phytochemistry 2020, 145 -156.
AMA StyleRajeev Bhat. Bioactive Compounds of Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.). Reference Series in Phytochemistry. 2020; ():145-156.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRajeev Bhat. 2020. "Bioactive Compounds of Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.)." Reference Series in Phytochemistry , no. : 145-156.