The review describes the relationship between the properties of functionalized polyanilines depending on the nature of the substituents at the aromatic ring.

Generalized material on the synthesis of monosubstituted methanofullerenes C₆₀, obtained by the addition–elimination mechanism.

Soluble electron-donor conducting (co)polymers based on functionalized monomeric anilines have been synthesized and characterized for the first time. It has been shown that there is a good correlation between the results obtained from investigations of the electrochemical properties of polyaniline derivatives by the methods of cyclic voltammetry and on the basis of the temperature dependence of the electrical conductance. The polymer based on 2-(1-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)aniline has the lowest energy level of the highest occupied molecular orbital, which determines the prospects for its use as a donor in the active layer when designing organic solar cells.

Novel developmental prototypes of solar cells based on binary donor-acceptor systems in the form of a combination of polyaniline derivatives with fullerene-containing polymers were obtained. Current-voltage characteristics of solar cells were measured, and numerical values of parameters, including open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, filling factor, and coefficient of efficiency, were calculated on their basis.

The most common variant of fullerene core functionalization is the [2 + 1] cycloaddition process. Of these, reactions leading to methanofullerenes are the most promising. They are synthesized in two main reactions: nucleophilic cyclopropanation according to the Bingel method and thermal addition of diazo compounds. This present review summarizes the material on the synthesis of monofunctionalized methanofullerenes – analogues of [60]PCBM – based on various diazo compounds. The main cyclopropanating agents for the synthesis of monosubstituted methanofullerenes, the optimal conditions and the mechanism of the [2 + 1] cycloaddition, as well as the practical application of the target products are analyzed.