José M Flores received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in veterinary from the University of Córdoba, Spain, in 1988, and the Ph.D. degree in veterinary from the University of Córdoba in 1992. Since 1988, he has been researching honey bees. From 1988 to 1995, he was a Research Assistant. Since then, he has been teaching biology, zoology, and apiculture. He is the author of three books and more than 125 articles (research and dissemination). His research interests include bee health, honey bee colony monitoring, and threats to honey bees (such as residues, diseases, or climatic change), and bee products.