Microclimate is a reflection of the climatic conditions within the scope of human daily activities, so it is closely related to human activities. This paper uses Qingshui Village in Hancheng as the research object and the purpose of this paper was to study the influence mechanism of the traditional street spatial form on microclimate and thermal comfort, emphasizing the use of parameterized design platforms in technical methods to construct performance simulations and obtain relatively optimal solutions that are suitable for the spatial form of rural streets and alleys in the region. We select the Universal Thermal Climate Evaluation Index (UTCI) as the evaluation index for microclimate comfort and construct a performance-driven automatic optimization method for street and alley spaces. The results showed that: (1) When the street is in the northeast-southwest direction, the width is taken in the range of 6.5 m–7.3 m, the height of the building on the north side of the street is about 6.0 m, and the height of the building on the south side of the street is about 5.7 m, the comfort rate can reach up to 33.8%. (2) As for street and alley intersections, the focus remains on retaining their original forms while primarily controlling the scale changes. Within streets, the height of the building in the east-west direction is controlled at 5.6 m–6.1 m, the building in the north-south direction is controlled at 7 m–7.4 m, and street widths are controlled between 5.4 m and 6.3 m, resulting in a comfort level of 32.0%; (3) In alleys, east-west building heights are kept between 4.2 m and 5.5 m, and north-south building heights range from 4.5 m to 5.3 m, with widths at around 4.5 m, resulting in a similar comfort level of 32.0%. The research outcomes offer a scientific foundation for the design, creation, and enhancement of the physical environment of local village streets and alleys.

Global climate change and urban heat islands have generated heat stress in summer, which does harm to people’s health. The outdoor public commercial pedestrianized zone has an important role in people’s daily lives, and the utilization of this space is evaluated by their outdoor thermal comfort and health. Using microclimatic monitoring and numerical simulation in a commercial pedestrianized zone in Tai Zhou, China, this study investigates people’s outdoor thermal comfort in extreme summer heat. The final results provide a comprehensive system for assessing how to improve outdoor human thermal health. Under the guidance of this system, local managers can select the most effective strategy to improve the outdoor thermal environment.

In the context of intensive urban development, urban complexes have emerged as crucial public spaces that address the needs of urban populations. However, current research on urban complexes is predominantly qualitative and lacks a rigorous scientific and quantitative analysis. Therefore, this study employs the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to construct a standardized system encompassing five dimensions: spatial function, spatial perception, architectural style, surrounding environment, and energy-saving technology. The objective is to determine the weights of the indices that influence people’s use of urban complexes under the goal of “humanization”. Additionally, the study quantitatively analyzes key indices using spatial syntax and other analytical methods. Subsequently, we employ multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) analysis to examine three real-world cases in China, aiming to validate further the importance of the AHP + MCDM approach, which incorporates the TOPSIS method based on grey correlation. This methodology considers both the subjective factors of crowd evaluations of urban complex usage and the interrelationships among indicators, ensuring that the statistical calculations of the indicators remain objective and scientifically robust. The results indicate that (1) the degree of facility improvement has the greatest impact on the crowd’s use of urban complexes; (2) there is a discrepancy between the results of the TOPSIS method and the MCDM evaluation model, with the MCDM evaluation method aligning more closely with real-world scenarios; and (3) the Shanghai MOSCHINO received the highest evaluation score, while the Nanjing Central Emporium received the lowest. Finally, we discuss the experimental results and propose targeted strategies for optimizing the design of urban complexes to achieve the goal of “humanization”.

The ancient City of Xi’an has a history of more than 7,000 years of civilization, more than 3,100 years of City development, and 1,100 years of capital construction. With the gradual development of urban areas, the number of imperial tombs in Xi’an has reached 72. These mausoleums are large in scale and valuable, yet they are influenced by the rapid development of present urbanization, cities, and mausoleum spaces. The development contradictions between cities and mausoleum spaces progressively become prominent and need to be handled urgently. This article utilizes spacetime as the base scale, GIS spatio-temporal analysis, field research (including aerial photographs of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in the 8 years, 2015–2022), and Pearson analysis to explore the temporal and spatial evolution law between Xi’an’s urban space and the 55 mausoleums dominated by emperors of various dynasties. It was concluded that the nuclear density area distance layout of Xi’an City and the mausoleum is closely related to time and space. Since ancient times, there has always been a relationship between the Spatio-temporal development of Xi’an City and its mausoleums, and the nuclear density area distance layout of the mausoleums is intimately connected to the status and nature of Xi’an City. Currently, mausoleums are part of site protection. However, because of the large space of the mausoleum, the contradiction between the protection and utilization of mausoleum sites and the development of urban space is revealed. This paper hopes to provide urban planners and site protectors with ideas and data support for the Spatio-temporal development of cities and mausoleums and realize the integration of the protection and renewal of mausoleum sites into the path of urban design and planning.

With the development of the economy in China, the tourism industry has become a form of daily entertainment for citizens. Commercial pedestrianized blocks have been designed as recreational centers for tourists, serving as outdoor public space and scenic spots. The use of these regions is directly determined by the outdoor thermal environment. So far, few studies have been conducted on tourists’ thermal experience in commercial pedestrianized blocks, especially in the hot and humid region of southern China. Using field measurement and numerical simulation of a commercial pedestrianized block in Fo Shan, China, to research tourists’ thermal experience under different conditions, the final results of this study could help to select the most suitable time for tourist travel and help local managers to improve the thermal environment.

Background: Numerical simulation has been used for assessing the process of outer environment performance calculations accurately. The ENVI-met has been used in studies in simulating the microclimate and energy cost in hot summer. On 27th November,2019, the latest ENVI-met v4.4.4 has been published, which is the first edition for forecasting the outdoor microclimate in winter, therefore, its accuracy is still needed to be discussed.Methods: This study aims at evaluating the effectiveness of the latest edition on the prediction of the thermal environment of courtyard and outdoor space in a traditional dwelling settlement in cold climate zone of northern China by means of validating the measured results against simulated results. Results: The final result shows a small deviation between simulated and measured results for assessing the microclimate in the research site. Conclusions: For this reason, the new ENVI-met v4.4.4 can be a reliable tool for forecasting the winter microclimate in northern China, and also this study also provides a basic database for improving resident’s thermal comfort in cold climate zone of China in future studies.