This overview provides comprehensive understanding and development trends of hierarchical Bi ₂ MoO ₆ nanostructures as photocatalysts for efficient photocatalysis applications.

In view of the characteristics of dynamic basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking process, prediction models based on backpropagation neural network and incremental learning (BPNN-IL) are proposed for total blow oxygen volume and second blow oxygen volume. The incremental learning is to adjust weights and thresholds of the BPNN according to the difference between the predicted value and actual value of each heat and to adapt to the change in furnace conditions. The combined BPNN-IL models are trained and tested by actual production data, and are further compared with multiple linear regression models and BPNN models. The results show that whether it is total blow oxygen volume or second blow oxygen volume, the BPNN-IL models could provide the most accurate prediction and the introduction of an incremental learning method could further improve the predictive accuracy. So the BPNN-IL method is effective in predicting the oxygen-blowing volume in the BOF steelmaking process.

Sticking-type breakout is one of key factors which restrict the development of high-speed or wide-heavy plate continuous casting technology. In order to better heal and control the sticking-type breakout, this paper presents a comprehensive study for its recovery mechanism. First, according to force characteristics of solidified shell at mold exit, calculation method of safe shell thickness is proposed. Then, considering sticker propagation behaviour and safe shell thickness, a more practical recovery model of sticking-type breakout is established and verified by actual examples. The result shows the proposed recovery strategies avoid casting speed to be decreased too low or cast stop, thus save unnecessary operating time, and are better than original strategies. Furthermore, influencing factors of recovery behaviour are analyzed. The result shows hot spot location, operating casting speed, and mold oscillation frequency have a significant effect on minimum speed for the recovery and oscillation stoke has little influence on it.