The currently available therapeutic options for restoring function and sensitivity in long-term nervous injuries pose challenges. Microsurgery interventions for direct nerve repair often lead to serious complications and limited success. Non-surgical methods, although somewhat effective, have limited benefits. These methods involve drug administration, such as with analgesics or corticosteroids. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has emerged as a promising approach based on clinical and laboratory studies. PBMT stimulates the migration and proliferation of neuronal fiber cellular aggregates, as reported in the literature. Experimental studies on animal models with peripheral nerve compression injuries have shown that PBMT can enhance the functionality of damaged nerves, preserving their activity and preventing scar tissue formation. The mechanism of action depends on the wavelength, which can positively or negatively affect photo acceptor resonances, influencing their conformation and activities. These findings suggest that photobiomodulation may accelerate and improve nerve regeneration. This review explores various methodologies used in photobiomodulation for regenerating nerve sensitivity after surgical trauma involving nerve structures, in the oral and peri-oral region. Research was conducted to evaluate which laser-assisted therapeutic protocols are used to improve the recovery of nervous sensitivity, using the JBI methodology for scoping reviews and following the PRISMA methodology.

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is considered an atypical oral clinical-symptomatological condition because its etiopathogenesis is not yet fully clarified. It is mainly characterized by the symptom of burning, which occurs chronically and with various intensities. It is essential for making a diagnosis of BMS, clinical negativities, and instrumental investigations. It mainly affects the female sex, in the pre-post-climactic phases. A peripheral neuropathic matrix of the pain symptoms has been repeatedly demonstrated. However, this subjectivity is associated with personalities with anxiety-depressive traits, affective-behavioral difficulties, and disorders of the psycho-algogenic sphere. Numerous treatments are reported in the literature, which have rarely met lasting healing parameters. In this clinical landscape, photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) can be considered a possible therapeutic alternative. Our study aims to present a scoping review of how photobiomodulation is used in BMS therapy and to analyze the outcome of the therapy. A literature review focused on the photobiomodulation treatment for burning mouth syndrome was conducted in the main scientific databases: PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science. The results of our research highlight encouraging results regarding photobiomodulation, as in all studies, there is a reduction in symptoms.

The term choristoma applies to cohesive tumor-like mass composed by histologically normal tissue in abnormal locations

Background and Objectives: Soft tissue regeneration in oral surgery has undergone remarkable progress in the last decade, supported by the development of innovative laser technologies, advanced biomaterials, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and three-dimensional (3D) printing. Lasers are increasingly used not only for incision and coagulation but also for photobiomodulation, promoting cellular proliferation, angiogenesis, and tissue healing. The purpose of this review is to analyze the current advances in soft tissue regeneration, with a particular focus on the clinical use of lasers and their integration with other regenerative strategies. In parallel, hard tissue regeneration has evolved through the synergistic use of bioactive scaffolds, recombinant human growth factors (rhBMP-2, rhPDGF-BB), MSCs, and 3D-printed constructs. These innovations have enhanced alveolar bone regeneration, implant osseointegration, and periodontal tissue repair, offering predictable clinical outcomes. Materials and Methods: A review of the literature published between 2015 and 2025 was conducted through PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar. Clinical and preclinical studies on the use of CO₂, Nd:YAG, Er:YAG, diode, and 445 nm lasers, biomaterials, PRP, MSCs, growth factors, and 3D-printed scaffolds were included. Results: Laser applications demonstrated significant benefits in epithelialization, biostimulation, and reduction in postoperative discomfort in soft tissues. For hard tissues, the combined use of MSCs, bioactive scaffolds, and growth factors promoted osteogenic differentiation, bone volume preservation, and improved mechanical stability. Photobiomodulation enhanced osteoblastic activity and accelerated bone remodeling, while 3D-printed scaffolds provided personalized architecture for optimal integration. Conclusions: Regenerative approaches integrating lasers, biomaterials, PRP, MSCs, growth factors, and 3D printing represent safe, minimally invasive, and effective strategies for the regeneration of both soft and hard oral tissues. These multidisciplinary techniques improve healing quality, functional recovery, and esthetic outcomes, reflecting the growing trend toward precision and technology-driven regenerative oral surgery.